Psychology Chapter 6 Questions
The principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage, rather than a constant amount, is called _____law.
Weber's.
Anna is reading her psychology textbook. The activation of receptors in her retina is called _____. Her interpretation of the stimuli as particular words is called _____.
Sensation; perception.
Ralph underwent radical eye surgery and had to wear an eye patch for four months. How will this sensory deprivation affect his vision?
His vision will be unaffected by this sensory deprivation.
Sean just discovered that his roommate's girlfriend broke up with his roommate. Later on, Sean sees his roommate studying in the library and assumes that his roommate looks depressed. This assumption is an example of perception being influenced by:
A context effect.
Drivers sometimes overestimate the distance between their own vehicles and pedestrians who are short because they rely on the distance cue known as:
Relative size.
Giulio's bag of marbles is twice as heavy as Jim's. If it takes 5 extra marbles to make Jim's bag feel heavier, it will take 10 extra marbles to make Giulio's bag feel heavier. This BEST illustrates:
Weber's law.
Roast beef with a rich brown gravy is often described as a savory dish. The basic taste prominent in such a dish is:
Umami.
Kiara excels at gymnastics, especially at balance-beam routines. Her skill depends in large part on her _____sense.
Vestibular.
Which of these is NOT true of feature-detecting neurons?
Feature-detecting neurons respond to information provided by individual bipolar cells.
Once John learned of Sara's past history of being an abuse victim, he began to view her cautious behavior around men as more self-protective rather than rude. This BEST illustrates the impact of:
Perceptual sets.
People perceive young infants as bigger and stronger if the infant is introduced with a male rather than a female name. This best illustrates the concept of:
Perceptual sets.
The FBI is considering a new identification method. Instead of using old-fashioned fingerprints, they have decided to scan the eye's _____to confirm people's identity.
Iris.
As they are playing Ring Around the Rosie, some children are spinning around and around. When they stop they still feel as though they are spinning because their semicircular canals and _____receptors have not returned to their neutral state.
Kinesthetic.
Talia is 45 years old. She has started to notice that newspaper print is too small for her to read. Talia needs reading glasses because the:
Lenses of her eyes are less able to accommodate.
Making an analogy between hearing and vision, the auditory hair cells in the _____are similar to the _____ in the retina.
Cochlea; rods and cones.
When two friends talk over lunch, the amplitude of their conversation is about _____decibels.
60.
Adeline is worried because she knows that her work environment is very loud and that prolonged exposure to sounds of _____decibels and above can produce hearing loss.
85.
Wilson was born deaf. At 3 years of age his parents had the doctor put in this device so he will be able to hear.
A cochlear implant.
A neutral facial expression may be perceived as sadder at a funeral than at a circus. This BEST illustrates:
A context effect.
A hypnotist instructed Juanita that, when she came out of hypnosis, she would be unable to spell her own name. This is an example of:
A posthypnotic suggestion.
The ring of muscle tissue that controls the pupil's size is called the _____.
Iris.
Camilla has been told her basilar membranes are damaged. This is MOST likely to affect her:
Audition
Tinnitus is a(n) _____phantom limb sensation.
Auditory.
After an evening at the opera, as Enrique walks out into the fresh air, he notices his ears are ringing. This ringing indicates possible damage to the hair cells of his:
Basilar membrane.
The phenomenon of _____BEST illustrates that visual information can be processed without conscious awareness.
Blindsight.
Mona is waiting for her friend to give her a ride on his new motorcycle. As her friend pulls up the driveway, the motorcycle's brakes squeal loudly. Mona gets on, and then her friend revs the engine. As the motorcycle accelerates, the engine roars loudly. The high-pitched squeal of the brakes was caused by _____sound waves, and the equally loud but low-pitched roar of the engine was caused by _____ sound waves.
High-frequency; low-frequency.
The place theory is specialized to detect _____sounds and the temporal theory is specialized for _____ sounds.
High-frequency; low-frequency.
The structures of the inner ear do NOT include the:
Incus.
One reads about an accident at a railroad crossing and wonders about the cause. Perhaps the car's driver overestimated the distance of the train because the parallel tracks stimulated the _____depth cue of linear perspective.
Monocular.
From the window of an office on a skyscraper's ninetieth floor, taxis on the street look tiny. However, a viewer knows they are not toy cars. This example illustrates the _____depth cue of _____.
Monocular; relative size.
Alicia is traveling on a train. She stares out the window at a house. The sidewalk in front of the house will appear to:
Move backward.
Marc is driving his 12-year-old car. He notices a sound coming from the engine, which involves _____processing. He immediately starts thinking that the sound is similar to the sound his car made the last time he had it repaired, which involves _____ processing.
Sensation; perception.
Billy Bob works at the airport as a member of the ground crew. He typically takes off his hearing protection as he finds it cumbersome. Prolonged exposure to the roars of the jet engines will result in:
Sensorineural hearing loss.
Kari is a fan of heavy metal music. Her mother is concerned because she knows that prolonged exposure to earsplitting music can cause:
Sensorineural hearing loss.
After many years of playing extremely loud rock music, Kyle has suffered significant hearing loss, which cannot be corrected with a hearing aid. Kyle is suffering from _____ hearing loss.
Sensorineural.
As she was trying to study, Tanisha asked her roommate to lower the radio. Her roommate had turned the radio up originally from a volume level of 14 to 15, which was just enough for Tanisha to detect. Tanisha's roommate turned the radio back down to 14 after Tanisha asked her to lower it, which satisfied Tanisha. This is probably the result of:
The difference threshold.
Janice opens her eyes in the morning to see a photograph by her bedside. At that point, her eyes are receiving light energy, which they change into neural messages for the brain to process. This conversion of one form of energy into another is called:
Transduction.
The local fire department sounds an alarm. The conversion of the siren's sound waves into neural impulses exemplifies the process of:
Transduction.
According to the Gestalt psychologists, people tend to fill in the gaps to create a complete, whole object. This is called the principle of _____.
Closure.
Loudness is measured in:
Decibels.
_____threshold is to _____ threshold as detecting change is to detecting presence.
Difference; absolute.
Shelton and John have been friends since they were small children. Both are now in their late sixties and have been through a lot together. Shelton notices that John repeatedly complains of his arthritis pain. John takes medication for the pain and uses a heating pad to help ease the pain. After a visit with his friend, Shelton begins to notice that he has pain in his lower back and hands. Shelton is convinced that he too has arthritis. Why might Shelton experience pain now?
He feels empathy for his friend.
The sensory experience of bending one's knees or raising one's arms BEST illustrates the sense of:
Kinesthesia.
When people look at a photograph of an adult-child pair and are told that the two individuals are parent and child, the people tend to say the pair looks more alike than people who are told the pair are unrelated. This is MOST likely due to:
Perceptual sets.
The function of the basilar membrane is MOST similar to that of the _____in vision.
Retina.
Playing Ring Around the Rosie, some children are spinning around and around. When they stop, they still feel as though they are spinning because their _____and _____ have not returned to their neutral state.
Semicircular canals; kinesthetic receptors.
The _____theory proposes that hypnosis is a by-product of normal interpersonal and mental processes.
Social influence.
If the eye takes in an inverted image of the world, how do humans see the world correctly?
The brain reassembles the image.
What happens during accommodation?
The lens changes its curvature to focus an image.
To what extent can the temporal and place theories explain the perception of high- and low-pitched sounds?
The temporal theory cannot explain the perception of high-pitched sounds.
While at work, Tim, who is suffering from a hearing loss, experiences a ringing sensation in the ears known as:
Tinnitus.
_____is an auditory phantom limb sensation.
Tinnitus.
Which statement BEST expresses the essence of bottom-up processing?
We see what is there.
How many basic types of taste are there?
Five.
The phenomenon of perceptual _____supports the view of the philosopher _____ that perception is learned.
Adaptation; Locke.
Given what is known about the relationship between distraction and pain, if Charlene is trying to pick the BEST hospital room for a loved one who is in a great deal of pain, she should pick:
A shared room with a television that is near a window.
A person can detect a single drop of perfume diffused in an area the size of a one-bedroom apartment. This is a(n) _____threshold.
Absolute.
Stefan has volunteered to participate in an experiment studying vision. He has agreed to wear a pair of glasses that invert his vision. Due to perceptual _____, after about a week, he is able to perform his usual tasks, like riding a bike or reading a book.
Adaptation.
When Ryan arrived at the gym Tuesday morning, he noticed the musty odor of the showers in the locker room. As he finished changing, he did not notice the smell. This is probably the result of sensory _____.
Adaptation.
Franklin has problems with his balance. His problems are probably caused by difficulties with his:
Inner ear.
A building contractor is surveying the progress on a home that is being built. From one angle, it appears that the home is completely framed. However, when the contractor moves to the right he sees the gaps. This illustrates the Gestalt principle of _____.
Closure.
Human tendency to organize stimuli into coherent sets is known as:
Grouping.
As one walks into a brightly lit room, the black structure in the center of one's eye seems to shrink to a tiny black dot. This response is caused by the action of the eye structure called the:
Iris.
Phyllis is doing a handstand in her yoga class. When she looks at the clock she can still tell that the time is 10 o'clock. This is thanks to:
Perceptual constancy.
Dennis, a nurse, notes that some parents of children with asthma respond to very small changes in their children's breathing, and seek care accordingly. However, other parents do not notice the same small changes. This type of difference in reaction to stimuli is BEST explained by the:
Signal detection theory.
Two TSA officers are scanning bags at the airport. One of the officers lets a bag go through, but the other officer yells, "Wait, didn't you see that?" Why one officer saw a weapon and the other did not is best explained by:
Signal detection theory.
Astra is house sitting. On the first night, a thunderstorm causes the electricity to go out. She remembers seeing some candles and matches next to the grandfather clock. Why does she automatically cock her head when trying to pinpoint the sound of the clock?
So that her two ears will receive slightly different messages.
Current understanding of pitch perception indicates that:
Some combination of place and frequency theories seems to handle the pitches in the intermediate range.
Jay is 48 years old. He recently had his sight restored after 45 years of blindness. He could associate people with their distinct features (for example, hair color) but could not recognize their faces. He was also not good at judging the size of objects as their distance from him changed. His case suggests that:
Vision is partly an acquired sense.
Brad was struck by a 2×4 to the back of his head. He is having severe difficulties with his _____because the injury he sustained was to his occipital lobe.
Vision.
Stacy is participating in a local psychology experiment in which the research assistant asks Stacy to hold two pencils in front of her and touch the tips together. She then asks Stacy to do this with one eye closed. Stacy finds this terribly difficult, which demonstrates the importance of:
Binocular cues.
Tania was running outside and she felt a sensation on her leg and stopped to look. She saw a large red bump that she deduced was caused by getting stung by an insect. This deduction seemed only to increase her anxiety and pain. The influence of the sting itself on Tania's pain is a _____influence. The influence of her deduction is a _____ influence.
Bottom-up; top-down.
Eleanor suffered severe stroke damage near the rear of both sides of her brain. Based on the case study of Mrs. M. described in the textbook, the stroke is MOST likely to impair Eleanor's ability to perceive:
Motion.
Based on scientific evidence, it is MOST accurate to say that extrasensory perception _____occurs in the absence of sensation.
Never.
While Maria was stacking her term paper, she received a paper cut. The cut produced a sharp pain on her index finger. This pain was initiated by _____in her skin.
Nociceptors.
Monte was born with cataracts. He had surgery when he was 30 years old, which restored his sight. After his surgery, he could:
Not recognize objects by sight that were familiar to him by touch.
Why are children often repelled by the taste of novel meat dishes and bitter vegetables?
Novel or bitter foods were considered potentially toxic by our ancestors.
Manny has volunteered to participate in an experiment studying vision. He has agreed to wear a pair of glasses that invert his vision. Due to _____, after about a week, he is able to perform his usual tasks, like riding a bike or reading a book.
Perceptual adaptation.
Both _____and _____ indicate how experiences help to construct perception.
Perceptual set; context.
Fifty-year-old Jack finds that he really enjoys the taste of whiskey, mushrooms, strong peppers, and onions, but his 21-year-old son does not. The reason for this difference in taste is likely due to:
The number of taste buds in the mouth that decreases with age.
The latest holiday lights a neighbor has put up are fascinating because they seem to be moving. The likely explanation is that the lights create the illusion of movement using:
The phi phenomenon.
With respect to the senses, _____is to head position as _____ is to body position.
The vestibular sense; kinesthesia.
Researchers Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk placed infants on the edge of a safe canyon to determine whether crawling infants and newborn animals can perceive depth. This famous experimental setup is known as the _____cliff.
Visual.
Retina is to _____as _____ is to hair cell.
Rod and cone; cochlea.
The _____sense is the sense of the head's movement and position, including the sense of balance.
Vestibular.
Suppose someone stares at an illustration of the American flag for a while and then glances at a blank white page. Why do the red stripes look green when the person glances at the blank page?
Opponent-process cells activated by red light become fatigued.
Afterimages are BEST explained by:
Opponent-process theory.
Afterimages are BEST explained by _____-process theory.
Opponent.
Mind-to-mind communication is to _____as mind over matter is to _____.
Telepathy; psychokinesis.
In vision, the amplitude of a light wave relates to people's perception of the brightness of a stimulus. To which perceptual dimension does the amplitude of a sound wave correspond in hearing?
Loudness.
Randy is playing the piano. His left hand plays notes that are _____in _____ than does his right hand.
Lower; frequency.
Mia is attracted to a man she is chatting with in a nightclub. What is probably happening to her eyes?
Her pupils are dilating.
The fact that perception involves more than the sum of sensations BEST illustrates the importance of _____processing.
Top-down.
Mrs. Costello lives in Florida. She is gripped by a vision of her sister, gravely injured in a car wreck happening at that very moment in Pennsylvania. Mrs. Costello is inconsolable. Her husband calmly disproves Mrs. Costello's vision by calling his sister-in-law; her cheery voice greets him on the phone. Cleary, Mrs. Costello does not have the ability of _____that she believes she possesses.
Clairvoyance.
Ricardo has been suffering from a lengthy battle with the flu. His ears are painfully plugged with fluid. One morning his right ear pops from all of the pressure and fluid comes out. He screams in pain because the eardrum has punctured. This will result in:
Conduction hearing loss.
James is threading a needle under a bright light bulb. During this task, James' vision is driven mainly by the _____in his _____.
Cones; fovea.
As one watches a dog play in the park, light reflected from the dog's fur first passes through three structures of one's eye. In what order does the light pass through these structures?
Cornea, pupil, lens.
According to the textbook, desirable objects are perceived as closer than neutral objects. In an experiment examining this phenomenon, the perceived distance of the objects is a(n) _____variable in this study.
Dependent.
Max is a catcher for a professional baseball team. Last week he injured his groin while playing, but finished out the game. It is MOST likely that Max:
Did not feel any pain until after the game.
A snack manufacturer finds that it must increase the salt content of its chips by 8 percent in order for a sample of consumers to notice that the chips are saltier than they were before. This example BEST illustrates the concept of a(n) _____threshold.
Difference.
Lonnie is waiting for Brandon to arrive at a café for an afternoon coffee date. They have not been out together one-on-one yet; this is a prelude to a real first date in the evening and with dinner. Lonnie has made sure to order Brandon hot rather than iced coffee, and he's seated at a booth rather than a rickety chair or stool. These choices MOST likely reflect Brandon's knowledge of:
Embodied cognition.
Michael invites a person that he hopes will become his new roommate to meet him in his apartment. Michael's mother, a real estate agent, tells him to bake cookies and make hot tea just before the prospective roommate arrives. She explains that the hot drink and smell of the cookies will affect the person's judgment of Michael. This is an example of:
Embodied cognition.
Several days ago, Ravi fell and hurt his ankle. Although it bothered him a little, he continued to walk on it. When he finally went to the doctor for X-rays, he found out he has a broken bone. It is likely that Ravi carries a gene that boosts the availability of:
Endorphines.
Several days ago, Mitchell fell and hurt his ankle. Although it bothered him a little, he continued to walk on it. When he finally went to the doctor for X-rays, he found out he has a broken bone. It is likely that Mitchell carries a gene that boosts the availability of _____.
Endorphins.
Pat turns to look directly at a brightly colored bird her friend has spotted in the garden. Pat is ensuring that the bird's image falls directly on her:
Fovea.
Juan and Joseph are opera singers. Juan is a baritone. Joseph is a tenor, so his voice is higher-pitched than Juan's voice. With respect to their physical properties, the sound waves corresponding to Juan's voice are lower in _____than those corresponding to Joseph's voice.
Frequency.
The practice of acupuncture is based on the theory that one way to block pain messages is to create competing stimulation. This in turn is based on _____theory.
Gate-control.
After a rap concert, as Jamie walks out into the fresh air, she notices her ears are ringing. This ringing indicates possible damage to the:
Hair cells of the basilar membrane.
Manny suffers from diabetes and lost his vision two months ago. He experiences phantom sights called:
Hallucinations.
As Ted walks through a park, he hears the sound of a dog barking and is able to recognize the direction of the sound and if the dog is nearby. Ted is able to do this because:
He has two ears and the sound will first travel to the ear nearest to the sound.
Marissa's preterm baby is stimulated with hand massage several times each day. Which result can she expect for her baby?
Her baby will gain weight faster and be able to go home sooner than preterm babies who are not stimulated with hand massage.
An 8-year-old cat Minnie ran away, got into a neighbor's cellar, and was stuck there for two months. Luckily, there was enough food and water in the basement for Minnie to survive. However, it was pitch black. When the neighbor returned from her two-month vacation, she found Minnie and returned her to her owner. How will this sensory deprivation affect Minnie's vision?
Her vision will be unaffected by this sensory deprivation.
Denise wears an extremely bright safety yellow sweatshirt when she cycles to the gym after dark. The sweatshirt's brightness reflects the _____of the light it reflects.
High amplitude.
Tomas wakes up early in the morning and his room is fairly dark. He looks over and sees his shirt hanging on a hook. He knows it is his red shirt because he hung it up there before he went to bed, but in the dark he cannot see its color. It looks dark gray to him. Why is that?
In the dim light, the cones in his eyes are ineffectual.
Marty and Becky are in the mood to have a hamburger for lunch. Marty wants to grill the hamburger outside instead of cooking it on top of the stove because he says he likes the taste of a grilled hamburger more than one cooked on top of the stove. The difference in taste Marty prefers is actually caused by the smell of the charcoal embedded into the hamburger. This is an example of sensory _____.
Interaction.
Dorothy is off to see the wizard of Oz. She perceives that the Yellow Brick Road converges to a point way off in the distance because of the depth cue of:
Linear perspective.
Julio is working on a series of landscape paintings. He wants to create a realistic depiction of the English countryside. To turn the flat surface of the canvas into a three-dimensional painting, he might use the technique of:
Linear perspective.
Railroad tracks appear to converge in the distance. This provides a cue for depth perception known as _____.
Linear perspective.
Regarding the structures of the ear, which list contains an item that does NOT belong?
Outer ear, pinna, cochlea.
Dr. Faulk conducts empirical research to investigate the claims for such abilities as clairvoyance and telepathy. Dr. Faulk's research reflects a field called:
Parapsychology.
Dr. Frasier conducts empirical research to investigate the claims for such abilities as clairvoyance and telepathy. Dr. Frasier's research reflects a field called _____.
Parapsychology.
When Sanjay recognizes line segments and areas of light and dark as his friend's face at an airport gate, he is demonstrating:
Perception.
After some practice, Carol was able to read books while holding them upside down. This BEST illustrates:
Perceptual adaptation.
After some practice, Lori was able to read books while holding them upside down. This BEST illustrates _____.
Perceptual adaptation.
After hearing that Bryce had served a prison sentence, Janet began to view his genuinely friendly behavior as insincere and manipulative. This BEST illustrates the impact of:
Perceptual sets.
Professor Brandt shows his study participants a picture of an adult-child pair. He tells half of the participants that they are looking at a parent and her child. He tells the other half that they are looking at a day-care worker and a child in the day-care center. The group that thinks the pair are related rates them as looking more alike than the group that thinks they are not related. Professor Brandt is MOST likely conducting a study on:
Perceptual sets.
Lucy is convinced she senses the odor of rotten eggs, but no one in the house can detect the odor. Lucy's sensation is known as:
Phantom smells.
Enrico is having trouble telling the difference between the sound of a tuba and the sound of a piccolo. Even though a piccolo produces much briefer, faster sound waves than does a tuba, he has trouble picking out the differences in the _____of these sounds.
Pitch.
Hermann von Helmholtz said that one hears different pitches because different sound waves trigger activity at different places along the cochlea's basilar membrane. His theory is called _____theory.
Place.
In a song inspired by the classic television show The Twilight Zone, an American vocal group sang the lines, "Unpretentious girl from Memphis saw the future through her third eye." These lines underscore a specific extrasensory perception ability called:
Precognition.
Maura goes to a psychic who says she can read cards and tell her about her life. Maura wants to know when she will get married. She hopes this psychic has the ability of:
Precognition.
Gretta is 85 years old and having trouble with her hearing. She worked in a factory manufacturing auto parts for many years. The MOST likely reasons for her sensorineural hearing loss are normal aging and:
Prolonged exposure to loud noise.
Lana cannot recognize faces. She has to fake knowing or recognizing people she has already met. Lana MOST likely suffers from:
Prosopagnosia.
The way in which one quickly groups the individual letters in this test item into separate words BEST illustrates the principle of:
Proximity.
The cliché of the individual with extrasensory perceptual abilities bending a spoon with their mind illustrates the more specific phenomenon of:
Psychokinesis.
Damon, who is among the 8 percent of males with colorblindness, suffers from the most common form of color blindness. Which statement BEST illustrates Damon's experience of color?
Red apples on a tree seem to be the same color as the surrounding green leaves.
Tammy draws a picture in which the mountains are closer to the top of her paper than the nearby trees in her picture. This is an example of the monocular distance cue known as:
Relative height.
A famous Hollywood director has decided to present his latest film in 3-D. This will create a great moviegoing experience for viewers as 3-D movies exaggerate:
Retinal disparity.
When subjects look at a picture of the Moon's surface, some of them report seeing a human face. This is due to:
Schemas.
In an amusement park ride, the cars spin rapidly while accelerating along a track. A person's head movements during this ride are detected by hair cells in the:
Semicircular canals.
Carlos was just touched on his cheek, which is a(n) _____. In order for Carlos to know if he was kissed or slapped, Carlos needs a(n) _____.
Sensation; perception.
When Thad arrived at the gym Tuesday morning, he noticed the musty odor of the showers in the locker room. As he finished changing, he did not notice the smell. This is probably the result of:
Sensory adaptation.
Troy and Allan are in the mood to have a hamburger for lunch. Troy wants to grill the hamburger outside instead of cooking it on top of the stove because he says he likes the taste of a grilled hamburger more than one cooked on top of the stove. The difference in taste Troy prefers is actually caused by the smell of the charcoal embedded into the hamburger. This is an example of:
Sensory interaction.
Jasmine was in a serious car accident. She suffered damage to her temporal lobe, just behind her right ear. What kind of problems might this cause for her?
She might have trouble recognizing familiar faces.
George sees the sound of a trumpet as a pointed, triangular shape. George's experience BEST exemplifies a condition called:
Synesthesia.
Mila sees the sound of a drum as a large round shape. Mila's experience BEST exemplifies a condition called _____.
Synesthesia.
Today, a man on television described his experience of _____, a condition in which the senses become joined. He explained that, when certain types of music are played, he often sees patterns of colors.
Synesthesia.
"We can practically read each other's minds and feel each other's emotions!" Tim exclaims in describing his relationship with his longtime partner. Tim is attributing the extrasensory perception ability of _____to the relationship.
Telepathy.
Jess was in a serious car accident and is having trouble recognizing familiar faces. She MOST likely suffered damage to her _____lobe, just behind her right ear.
Temporal.
Judith suffers from painful arthritis. Judith's physician gave her medication to help ease her pain. The medication Judith was given contained water, rather than actual medicine. However, Judith reported that her pain reduced. The BEST explanation for this is that:
The medication dampened the central nervous system's attention and response to her back pain.
The pain system differs from the visual system in that:
There are multiple stimuli that trigger pain.
Which statement BEST explains why psychics are sometimes able to make accurate predictions?
They make lots of guesses.
Morrie has had a cold for five days, and his nose is so stuffy that he cannot smell anything. When he sips his coffee, he finds that it is tasteless. What is the MOST likely reason for this?
To savor a taste, we need to breathe the aroma through our nose.
Malik glances at his doctor's scrawl on a handwritten prescription. He draws on his knowledge of common medications to distinguish among a's, o's, and u's. Malik's experience BEST illustrates:
Top-down processing.
Samantha opens her eyes in the morning to see flowers by her bedside. At that point, her eyes are receiving light energy, which they change into neural messages for the brain to process. This conversion of one form of energy into another is called:
Transduction.
With respect to the trichromatic and opponent-process theories of color perception, which statement is MOST accurate?
Trichromatic theory describes color processing early in the visual system; opponent-process theory describes color processing later on in the visual system.
Happy Moon Restaurant uses monosodium glutamate in most of its dishes to enhance the flavor. This also stimulates the fifth taste of:
Umami.