Psychology Chapters 11-12 Quiz
How many different scales are used to compile a profile from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)?
10
Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify?
Freudian slip
Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias?
Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.
What is the advantage of applying learning approaches to the study of personality?
They can be scientifically tested because they involve observable actions.
_______ theorists attempt to explain our personality by identifying our stable characteristics and ways of behaving.
Trait
In Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, behavior refers to ________.
anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded
Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a(n) ________.
confirmation bias
The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal level. These topics include ________.
emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition
When Jacob came home from work upset about a disagreement he'd had with his boss, his wife Jodi sat down to listen to him. She imagined the argument that had occurred, and tried to understand how her husband was feeling. Jodi is demonstrating a high level of ________.
empathy
Which type of persuasion approach involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?
foot-in-the-door technique
Which statement about groupthink is correct?
group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus
Tammy has a positive view of challenges: She views them as tasks to be mastered. She develops a deep interest in and a strong commitment to becoming a good teacher. When she doesn't pass her first teaching praxis, she quickly recovers and works to overcome the setback. Albert Bandura would say Tammy has ________.
high self-efficacy
Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive.
id
Sally really loves being outdoors. She likes to hike, do yoga in the warm sun, and go for long camping trips. She and her wife move to Arizona from New York so that they can enjoy these activities in warmer weather for most of the year. This process of moving to an area that is most suited for one's personality tendencies is called selective ________.
migration
A negative attitude and feeling toward an individual that is based solely on that person's membership in a specific group is called ________.
prejudice
According to Carl Rogers, a healthy personality would result from congruence between one's ______ self and their ________ self.
real; ideal
Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has a high level of ________.
reciprocity
Erikah has just arrived at the funeral of her friend's father. Even though Erikah is usually very outspoken and jovial, she keeps her voice down, expresses her sympathy to the family members, and sits quietly and respectfully during the religious service. Erikah is following the ________ of how to behave in this particular situation.
script
Of the following options, which is not one of the temperaments first proposed by Thomas and Chess (1977)?
the secure baby
During which kind of situation might a person be most likely to yield to the effects of informational social influence?
when the correct choice is unclear