Psychology exam 2 (Chapters 3 and 4)

The smallest amount of a stimulus that a person can reliably detect is called? A) Absolute threshold B) Difference threshold C) Just-noticable difference D) Perceptual constancy E) Weber's constant

Absolute threshold

Regarding the skin senses, which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The skin is the body's largest sensory organ B) All skin receptors respond to more than one type of stimulation C) There are close to one-half million receptors for touch and pressure distributed throughout the body D) The part of the cerebral cortex that processes information from the skin receptors is called the somatosensory cortex E) There are specific receptors in the skin for warmth and cold

All skin receptors respond to more than one type of stimulation

Marlee's right eardrum was punctured in an accident when she was three years old. She is deaf in her right eardrum but is helped with a hearing aid that amplifies sound waves. What type of deafness does Marlee have? a) Nerve b) Continuity c) Closure d) Subliminal e) Conduction

Conduction

In human audition, the vibration of the ossicle is triggered by vibration of the _____ and transmitted directly to the? A) Eardrum; oval window B) Tympanic membrane; oval window C) Oval window; auditory nerve D) Eardrum; tympanic membrane E) Auditory nerve; tympanic membrane

Eardrum; oval window

Mercedes just stubbed her toe on the edge of her bedpost. In response, her brain will most likely signal the release of? A) Dopamine B) Pheromones C) Endorphins D) Norepinephrine E) Serotonin

Endorphins

Neurons that respond to specific characteristics of the visual stimulus are called? A) Photoreceptors B) Ganglion cells C) Bipolar cells D) Optic neurons E) Feature Detectors

Feature detectors

In the process of perception, the brain___? A) Senses the presence of objects in the world B) Produces experiences of vision, hearing, and so on C) Forms meaningful impressions by piecing together sensory information D) Transforms sensory signals into sensations E) Converts external stimulation into neural signals

Forms meaningful impression by peicing togethr sensory information

For the sharpest vision, the image of an object should be focused on the? A) Fovea B) blind spot C) Olfactory bulb D) Optic nerve E) Retina

Fovea

PART TWO

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Evelyn walks past the cafe, which is emitting colors of fresh brewed coffee. Evelyn smells the odors, and her brain tells her she wants a cup of the delicious brew. Which of the following is responsible for carrying impulses from odor receptors in Evelyn's nose to her brain? A) Olfactory bulb B) Olfactory nerve C) Taste buds D) Pheromones E) Vestibular organ

Olfactory nerve

Which of the following describes the pupil? A) Opening through which light enters the eye B) Part of the eye that adjusts its shape to view objects at varying distances C) Transparent covering at the front of the eye D) Part of the eye that contains the photoreceptors E) Structure responsible for the peripheral vision

Opening through which light enters the eye

Receptors for which of the following are located deepest in the skin? A) Hot B) Cold C) Pain D) Light touch E) Pressure

Pressure

The role of feature detectors is to? A) Compensate for retinal disparity in nearsightedness and farsightedness B) Detect color stimuli C) Detect black and white stimuli D) Respond to particular features of visual stimuli E) Regulate the size of the pupil

Respond to particular features of visual stimuli

In vision, the photoreceptors are called? A) Retina, lens, and pupil B) Olfactory bulbs C) Semicircular canals and vestibular sacs D) Pherimones E) Rods and cones

Rods and cones

The process by which we receive, transform, and process stimuli is_____? A) Sensation B) Perception C) Telepathy D) Habituation E) Psycho-physics

Sensation

The process of sensation enables us to ____ , where the process of perception enables us_____? A) Sense the world around us; make sense of the world around us B) make sense of the world around us; sense the world around us C) Form meaningful representations of sensory information; experience the rich tapestry of colors and sounds D) Transform sensory signals into sensations; convert external stimulation into neural signals E) Convert external stimulation into signals; transforms sensory signals into sensations

Sense the world around us; make sense of the world around us

When Harold first enters his swimming pool, the water feels uncomfortably cold. Five minutes later, the water feels comfortable to Harold. This is an example of? A) Convergance B) Sensory adpation C) Selective adaption D) Accommodation E) Just-noticeable difference

Sensory adaption

When sensory systems become less sensitive to unchanging stimuli, it is called? A) Accommodation B) Sensory adaption C) Precognition D) Threshold degredation E) Subliminal preception

Sensory adaption

The specialized cells in sense organs that detect external stimuli are called _____ ? A) Dichromats B) Sensory neurons C) bipolar cells D) ganglion cells E) Sensory receptors

Sensory receptors

All of following senses go through the thalamus on the way to the cortex EXCEPT A) Vision B) Smell C) Hearing D) Taste E) Touch

Smell

Which sense is especially effective at stimulating emotional memories? A) Smell B) Taste C) hearing D) vision E) touch

Smell

People with normal color vision are described as? A) Monochromats B) Dichromats C) Trichromats D) Nearsighted E) Farsighted

Trichromats

Pain receptors are located in all but which of the following? A) Muscles B) Ligaments C) Joints D) Tooth enamel E) Skin

Tooth enamel

Red, green, and blue-violet can be combined ti create any color of the spectrum. This has been interpreted as supporting? A) Trichromatic theory of color vision B) Opponent-process theory of color vision C) Feature detection theory of color vision D) Color constancy theory of color vision E) The existence of afterimages

Trichromatic theory of color vision

Chemical senses include? A) Touch only B) taste only C) Smell only D) both touch and taste E) Both taste and smell

both taste and smell

The part of the eye that changes shape to adjust for an object's distance is the ? A) Lens B) pupil C) cornea D) Retina E) Iris

lens