Psychology Exam 4 - Chapters 11,12,14 (Multiple Choice Quizzes)

Children between the age of 6 and 18 with _____ typically experience temperamental outbursts grossly out of proportion to the situation, both verbally and physically. a. disruptive mood dysregulation disorder b. anorexia c. agnosia d. dissociative identity disorder

a. disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

__________ refers to one's overall evaluation of one's life in terms of both one's thoughts and feelings. a. Positive illusion b. Neither A nor B c. Subjective well-being d. A and B

b. Neither A nor B

Efforts to control, reduce, or learn to tolerate the threats that lead to stress are known as: a. resilience. b. coping. c. resistance. d. adaptation.

b. coping.

Eve was stressed because she was transferred to Italy. She decided to look at the brighter side of her relocation by telling herself that it will be a new experience, that she will be able to meet different people, and see new places. Eve is displaying _____ coping. a. defensive b. emotion-focused c. avoidant d. proactive

b. emotion-focused

In the _____ technique, one asks a person to agree to a small request which, because it is small, the likelihood that he or she will comply is fairly high. a. door-in-the-face b. foot-in-the-door c. not-so-free d. that's-not-all

b. foot-in-the-door

Social Psychology is the scientific study of _____. a. how people's perceptions are affected by their environment. b. how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others. c. unconscious processes. d. changes in humans over their lifespan.

b. how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others.

Sets of cognitions about people and social experiences are called _____. a. images. b. schemas. c. algorithms. d. halo effects.

b. schemas.

The feeling of apprehension and tension experienced in reaction to stressful situations is referred to as _____. a. anxiety. b. dyslexia. c. mania. d. paralysis.

a. anxiety.

About how many patients do not fully comply with their physician's recommendations? a. 25% b. 85% c. 50% d. 10%

c. 50%

_____ is the appearance of multiple simultaneous psychological disorders in the same person. a. Amok b. Agoraphobia c. Comorbidity d. Ataque de nervios

c. Comorbidity

True or False. Psychologists typically define abnormal behavior, broadly, as behavior that causes people to experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily lives. True False

True

True or False. The branch of psychology that investigates the psychological factors related to wellness and illness, including the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of medical problems is called health psychology. True False

True

True or False: We tend to like people who are similar to us. True False

True

_____ is a statistically based approach that observes what behaviors are rare, or occur infrequently in a specific society or culture, and labels those deviations from the norm "abnormal." a. Abnormality as deviation from the average b. Abnormality as the inability to function effectively c. Abnormality as a sense of personal discomfort d. Abnormality as deviation from the ideal

a. Abnormality as deviation from the average

_____ refers to a severe developmental disability that impairs children's ability to communicate and relate to others. a. Autism spectrum disorder b. Schizophrenia c. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder d. Bipolar disorder

a. Autism spectrum disorder

Which of the following is found to be the least successful coping method for dealing with stress? a. Avoidant coping b. Emotion-focused coping c. Proactive coping d. Problem-focused coping

a. Avoidant coping

Which of the following is TRUE of major depression? a.It is abnormal to experience sadness after experiencing disappointment in life. b. For reasons unknown, the rate of depression is decreasing throughout the world. c. Major depression may have no clear trigger and is more intense than normal depression. d. People suffering from major depression have high levels of energy.

c. Major depression may have no clear trigger and is more intense than normal depression.

_____ refers to a negative (or positive) evaluation of a particular group and its members. a. Diffusion of responsibility b. Reciprocity-of-liking effect c. Prejudice d. Discrimination

c. Prejudice

The mental conflict that occurs when a person holds two contradictory attitudes or thoughts is known as _____. a. schema. b. halo effect. c. cognitive dissonance. d. social cognition.

c. cognitive dissonance.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, removes the outdated term mental retardation with _____. a. conversion disorder. b. neurocognitive disorder. c. intellectual disability. d. gender dysphoria.

c. intellectual disability.

The tendency to attribute personal success to personal factors (skill, ability, or effort) and to attribute failure to factors outside oneself is known as the _____. a. assumed-similarity bias. b. fundamental attribution error. c. self-serving bias. d. halo effect.

c. self-serving bias.

_____ is a disorder typically marked by inattention, impulsiveness, a low tolerance for frustration, and a great deal of inappropriate activity. a. Bipolar disorder b. Narcissistic personality disorder c. Schizophrenia d. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

d. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Which of the following is an example of a personal stressor? a. Getting stuck in a severe traffic jam b. Waiting in a restaurant for a long duration for an order to be taken c. Being informed about a suicide bomb attack d. Giving birth to a baby

d. Giving birth to a baby

Which of the following refers to the ability to withstand, overcome, and actually thrive after profound adversity? a. Avoidant coping b. Hostility c. Emotional insulation d. Resilience

d. Resilience

Which of the following statements is TRUE of conformity? a. Conformity is considerably lower when people must respond publicly. b. The less attractive a group appears to its members, the greater its ability to produce conformity. c. People working on ambiguous tasks and questions (those with no clear answer) are less susceptible to conformity. d. Subtle or even unspoken social pressure results in conformity.

d. Subtle or even unspoken social pressure results in conformity.

The _____ behavior pattern is characterized by a patient and nonaggressive manner. a. Type D b. Type C c. Type A d. Type B

d. Type B

Discrimination refers to _____. a. a set of generalized beliefs and expectations about a particular group and its members. b. a negative (or positive) evaluation of a particular group and its members. c. consideration of individuals for their personal qualities and not their membership in a group. d. behavior directed toward individuals on the basis of their membership in a particular group.

d. behavior directed toward individuals on the basis of their membership in a particular group.

Insanity is a(n) _____ term. a. colloquial b. psychological c. archaic d. legal

d. legal

Smoking is the number _____ preventable cause of death in the United States; one in _____ deaths in the United States is/are caused by smoking. a. two; five b. two; four c. one; four d. one; five

d. one; five

A(n) _____ is an expectation about the occurrence of a future event or behavior that acts to increase the likelihood the event or behavior will occur. a. diffusion of responsibility b. entrapment c. reciprocity-of-liking effect d. self-fulfilling prophecy

d. self-fulfilling prophecy