Psychology Lesson 1

A field study is always

Conducted away from a laboratory

The group not participating in the crucial part of the experiment is the

Control Group

That which changes as a result of what the experiment does is called the

Dependent Variable

The group participating in the crucial part of the experiment is the

Experimental Group

John Watson was the founder of psychoanalysis.

False

Only about ten percent of all psychologists work in educational settings such as schools.

False

Psychology is considered a field that scientifically studies humans.

False

The cognitive approach says that learning is the main cause of humans behaving as they do.

False

The founder of the cognitive approach to human behavior was Carl Rogers.

False

The process of looking into yourself to explain what is there is called eclecticism.

False

The sociocultural approach places emphasis on the fact that each person can make life worthwhile.

False

The sociocultural approach stresses the importance of looking at thought processes as the cause of human behavior.

False

The theory which states that humans develop their personalities based on mental processes is called the behavioral approach.

False

William James started the first laboratory for studying humans.

False

That which the experimenter changes to see how it affects other factors is called the

Independent Variable

The biggest problem with the interview method is that

Info may not be presented in a favorable light

Which of the following would be the most accurate conclusion about the effects of the moon on mental health?

Lunacy is not influenced by phases of the moon.

A placebo is a

Medicine with no active ingredients

Experimenter Jane and subject Bill are both involved in the same double-blind study. Which of the following is true?

Neither Jane nor Bill knows if Bill is an experimental or control subject.

Stanley has been taking pills for his headaches for ten years and Stanley believes the pills have helped. His wife finds out that the pills have been placebos all along. Should she tell him?

No, she should not tell him because Stanley's belief in the pills, not the pills, can actually alter his brain chemistry.

Which of the following study types involves fixed questions?

Psychological Test

Animals are often used for experimentation because they

Share many human beahviors

A hypothesis is a

Statement of expected results

Which of the following is an advantage of using naturalistic observation over other methods of research?

Subjects will behave as they normally do.

Which of the following methods of psychological research involves asking questions about feelings and behaviors to a select group?

Survey

A study that traces an individual's development from birth to twenty-five years of age makes use of

The longitudinal method

A theory provides a framework for studying a subject.

True

According to the behavioral approach, previous learning determines behavior in present situations.

True

According to the biopsychological approach, the physical system is considered to be the main cause of behavior.

True

According to the cognitive approach, our personality is made up of different kinds of thoughts.

True

According to the psychoanalytic approach, our behavior is controlled by unconscious forces.

True

Of the two basic kinds of psychologists, those that treat patients and clients are applied psychologists.

True

Sigmund Freud was the founder of psychoanalysis.

True

The humanistic approach believes that all people are good and can help themselves be even better.

True

The view of human behavior which says that behavior is influenced by unconscious feelings is called psychoanalysis.

True

To find out if childhood experiences cause in adulthood, the best approach would be a

a case study

Which of the following study types involves different age groups?

a cross-sectional study

Which of the following study types involves long time periods?

a longitudinal study

In a naturalistic observation experiment, the subjects

act normally because they are not aware they are being observed

In a study on gender bias that is discussed in the textbook, male subjects who had personally worked for a female manager rated female candidates in the experiment

higher than male candidates

When conducting a survey, the most important issue is the

kind of people chosen to participate

If surveys are conducted correctly, they

produce accurate results

There is a small island off the coast of Zymopia where the villagers eat raw insects. Who is most likely to form a stereotype about one of these villagers?

someone who has very little knowledge about Zymopians

What would be the dependent variable in the previous question?

the rankings

B. F. Skinner was a famous behaviorist who focused on observable behavior.

true

One way to overcome bias in an interview is to use

...

Only twenty percent of your mail surveys are returned. Why might conclusions drawn from these surveys be flawed?

...

The two most common methods used in research to discover how people approach problems are

...

Why do placebos sometimes have an actual effect on the body? (Select all that apply.)

1.Patients who take placebos sometimes expect to get better. 2.Patients who take placebos may be influenced by suggestions.

Why is it important to control or eliminate different variables when conducting an experiment?

All of the above