Psychology reading and quiz one
introspection, a research tool used by early psychologists, is a technique which involves
self-examination of mental processes
John Tooby
evolutionary
Evolutionary subject matter
evolutionary bases of behavior in humans and animals
Behaviorism
A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior
behavior
Any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism.
John B. Watson is best known as the founder of
Behaviorism
humanistic basic premise
Humans are free, rational beings with the potential for personal growth, and they are fundamentally different from animals
biological basic premise
an organism functioning can be explained in terms of the brain structures and biochemical processes that underline behavior.
a basic assumption underlying the evolutionary approach to sexual attraction is that men seek potential mates who
appear fertile
evolutionary basic premise
behavior patterns have evolved to solve adaptive problems; natural selection favors behaviors that enhance reproductive success
Although Paul seems bright and capable to his parents and friends, he has been failing in school. Paul agrees to speak with a psychologist, who suggests that his problems stem from internal processes such as unrealistic expectations and negative thinking. The psychologist's view is typical of which of the following models of behavior? (psychoanalytic, sociological, cognitive, humanistic, behavioral)
cognitive
introspection as practiced by early structuralists can be illustrated by what behavior?
describing one's immediate sensations while looking at a rose
One major objection to the early Skinnerian approach to psychology is that it
did not take into account internal thoughts and feelings
Behavioral Subject Matter
effects of environment on the overt behavior of humans and animals
cognitive theorists emphasize the
formation and modification of schemas
an important difference between humanistic and psychoanalytic approaches is that the humanistic psychologists believe in the importance of
free will
cognitive basic premise
human behavior cannot be fully understood without examining how people acquire, store, and process information
In their discussions of the process of development, the advocates of nature in the nature-nurture controversy emphasize which of the following: socialism, cognition, maturaiton, experience, information processing
maturation
behavioral basic premise
only observable events (stimulus-response relations) can be studied scientifically
Biological subject matter
physiological, genetic, and neutral bases of behavior in humans and animals
in studying the behavior of five-year-olds in freeplay situations, a cognitive psychologist would be most interested in the childrens...
problem-solving strategies
The belief that human behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts represents which of the following theoretical perspectives? (behavioral, cognitive, biological, humanistic, psychoanalytic)
psychoanalytic
Of the following, an evolutionary psychologist will most likely investigate the (age of children when they speak their first words, speed of an action potential, reason why many people have an innate fear of the dark, factors that make a person feel accepted by others, features of a car that makes it easier for a person to operate)
reason why many people have an innate fear of the dark.
consciousness
the awareness of immediate experience
Psychology
the study of the mind
cognitive subject matter
thoughts and mental processes
psychoanalytic subject matter
unconscious determinants of behavior
psychoanalytic basic premise
unconscious motives and experiences in early childhood govern personality and mental disorders
humanistic subject matter
unique aspects of human experience
