Psychology: Unit 4: CONSCIOUSNESS AND SLEEP

4. Deep sleep continues

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Sleep nicknames

- dreamland - catching 40 winks - shut-eye

Sleep

- gives the body the chance to make physiological and biochemical changes - Infections are fought, wounds healed, brain processes cleared - needed for recovery

Narcolepsy

- people suddenly have an uncontrollable urge to fall asleep during daytime hours - find themselves falling asleep without choice during the day at work or school - 7% of Americans have it - may have genetic basis - treated with stimulants and antidepressants

Sleep Apnea

- stop breathing for a minute or so, and then startle semi-awake, gasping for air before going right back to sleep - need to get medical attention to protect their health, and possibly even their life - snores loudly (though this is not the cause) and wakes up frequently

some things you can do on your own to try to prevent or overcome insomnia

1. Go to bed at the same time each night. 2. Wake up at the same time each morning. 3. Use your bedroom for sleeping only. Read, play, use the computer, or do homework in other rooms. 4. Keep your bedroom slightly cool, dark, and quiet. 5. Don't drink caffeine (sodas, energy drinks, tea) in the evening or just before your bedtime. 6. Don't eat a heavy meal, greasy or spicy foods, or sugary sweets before going to sleep. 7. Exercise, but not before your bedtime. (Exercising stimulates your body.)

Sleep Disorders

1. Insomnia 2. Narcolepsy 3. Sleep Apnea

Sleep theories

1. Restorative sleep theories 2. Adaptive sleep theories 3. Core-Optional sleep theory

Sleep deprivation

1. make a person moody, irritable, forgetful, and more susceptible to getting sick 2. give you headaches, make you hyperactive 3. lead to dizziness, fainting, and even depression

The Sleep Cycle

About 25% of your time sleeping is spent in the REM sleep stage - 5 stages: 1. Light sleep begins 2. Light sleep continues 3. Deep sleep begins 4. Deep sleep continues 5. REM sleep

3. Deep sleep begins

This is the stage where sleepwalking, sleeptalking, bedwetting, and night terrors occur.

consciousness

awareness of your existence, sensations, thoughts, surroundings - being aware that your statements may hurt or build up your friend, depending on the tone of voice you use - knowing the difference between right and wrong or at least considering consequences

Adaptive sleep theories

based in evolution and believe that sleep has a survival value to it - sleep is useful because it saves energy and keeps a person or animal out of danger and away from predators

Core-Optional sleep theory

get some shut-eye to prevent a sore throat - sleep has two parts: 1. optional sleep 2. core sleep

insomnia

inability to fall or stay asleep - result from many different triggers; some are emotional and some are physical

deprivation

lacking; going without

2. core sleep

needed for an organism to repair and restore brain tissue

1. optional sleep

not essential; an organism can go without it

REM

rapid eye moment; stage of sleep during which a person dreams

According to Freud

these memories are stored in your pre-conscious mind Many memories come pretty easily to your mind with the right trigger

Restorative sleep theories

when you got the flu, you rested a lot - believe that the body heals itself during your slumber

2. Light sleep continues

Complete consciousness of the external world disappears.

1. Light sleep begins

Muscles relax, and your consciousness of your surroundings diminishes.

5. REM sleep

The brain is active and dreaming. Your eyes move rapidly under the eyelids. Muscles are paralyzed so you don't act out your dreams.