Chemistry Unit 1

The mass of 1 gram:

equals the mass of 1 mL of water at 4°C

qualitative

generalized descriptions based on senses

centi-

prefix meaning 1/100

milli-

prefix meaning 1/1000

kilo-

prefix measuring 1000

An observation which is descriptive is considered:

qualitative

An observation which requires measurement is called:

quantitative

objective

real reasoning based on facts

To ensure accurate recall of the experimental data, at minimum one should:

record the data in writing

A published hypothesis: is accepted by the scientific community should be tested by the scientific community does not need to be tested becomes a scientific law

should be tested by the scientific community

Define volume.

the space occupied by mass

A hypothesis which appears to be verified by multiple experiments and/or researchers may become a:

theory

± value

uncertainty value of measurement

2.1 liters is the same as: ______ cm3 and ______ mL

2100 2100

Round 23.455 cm to 4 significant figures:

23.46

Which of the following is not equal to 0.536 kilometer? 53.6 hectometers (hm) 536 meters (m) 536,000 millimeters (mm) 53,600 centimeters (cm)

53.6 hectometers (hm)

Give the number of significant figures: 13,436.0 mm

6

Give the number of significant figures: 369,132,000 sec

6

A cube 20 cm on one side could contain how many milliliters of fluid? How many liters of fluid is this?

8,000 8

Express in scientific notation. Remember, M must be a number such that 1 ≤ M < 10. 0.000543 = _____

5.43*10e-4

Round 6.362 cg to 3 significant figures:

6.36

law

A statement that explains what something does under similar conditions and is broadly agreed upon by the science community.

All scientists observing the same event will record identical descriptions.

False

Computers are capable of inductive reasoning.

False

The three aspects of the measuring process are units, systems, and instruments.

False

Weight and mass are essentially the same measurements.

False

Weight is a measure of:

Force

Pick the TWO true statements from the following: Graduated cylinders are used to measure volume. All graduated cylinders measure liquids with the same precision. Graduated cylinders are the only instruments used to measure volume in the laboratory. Always read a graduated cylinder from the bottom of the meniscus.

Graduated cylinders are used to measure volume. Always read a graduated cylinder from the bottom of the meniscus.

Density is a measure of what?

How much mass per unit of volume is in a substance

The initial explanation for a phenomenon prior to experimentation is called a(n):

Hypothesis

theory

a generalized model that explains how something happens and is used to explain observations

deductive reasoning

a prediction made or conclusion drawn from insight gained from an established principle or law

A hypothesis is made:

after gathering initial data and defining the research

hypothesis

an initial proposed explanation for a phenomenon

When conducting an experiment, a scientist should:

attempt to control the conditions

Which of these is an appropriate instrument to measure mass? balance burette ruler graduated cylinder

balance

meter

base unit of distance

kilogram

base unit of mass

liter

base unit of volume

Which unit is not a measurement of volume? cm L mL cm3

cm

accuracy

correctness of a measurement

precision

degree of exactness of a measurement

quantitative

description based on numbers, mathematics, or measurements

subjective

ideas resulting from the personal feelings, emotions, or bias

Forming a hypothesis is accomplished through ______ reasoning.

inductive

presupposition

initial idea which is believed to be true

balance

instrument to measure mass

graduated cylinder

instrument to measure volume

Which of these is the basic unit of mass? L kg cm mL

kg

The measure of distance from one point to another is:

length

The primary unit of length in the metric system is the:

meter

nano-

1/1,000,000,000 of the base unit

centi-

1/100

Round 0.0952 km to 2 significant figures:

0.095

100 grams is the same as ______ kg and ______ cg.

0.100 10,000

Multiply and round to the proper number of significant figures. (0.234 cm)(3.53 cm) =

0.826

1,000 milliliters is the same as:

1 L

How many liters are in a cubic meter?

1,000

kilo-

1,000

kilo-

1,000 times the base unit

mega-

1,000,000 times the base unit

3 x 100e0 =

3

Give the number of significant figures: 0.882 mm

3

Give the number of significant figures: 3.10 cm

3

Give the number of significant figures: 6.32 g

3

Give the number of significant figures: 832,000 km

3

3.45 kilometers = _______ micrometer(s)

3,450,000,000

Express in scientific notation. Remember, M must be a number such that 1 ≤ M < 10. 32,400 = _____

3.24*10e4

Give the number of significant figures in this number: 40.00

4

Give the number of significant figures: 0.01101 cm

4

Give the number of significant figures: 7.110 g

4

Give the number of significant figures: 92.06 kg

4

How many significant figures should the following answer have? (23.34 cm)(90076 cm)(2.1223 cm) = _____

4

Round 0.0645 g to 2 significant figures:

0.065

Which of the following is not the same as 12.5 millimeters? 0.0000125 km 0.00125 hm 0.0125 m 1.25 cm

0.00125 hm

Which of the following is not equal to 120 centimeters? 0.0012 kilometer (km) 0.012 dekameter (dkm) 1.2 meters (m) 1,200 millimeters (mm)

0.012 dekameter (dkm)

Which of the following is not the same as 1.69 meters? 0.0169 km 0.169 dkm 169 cm 1,690 mm

0.0169 km

0.00105 liters is the same as: _______ cm3 and _______ mL

1.05 1.05

Express in scientific notation. Remember, M must be a number such that 1 ≤ M < 10. 0.00000000000013 = _____

1.3*10e-13

Which of the following is not the same as 1,400 mL? 1,400 cm³ 1.4 L 1.4 cm³ 140 cL

1.4 cm³

milli-

1/1,000

milli-

1/1,000 of the base unit

micro-

1/1,000,000 of the base unit

centi-

1/100 of the base unit

How many millimeters are there in 1 centimeter?

10

Which one of the following is not equal to 100 meters? 0.100 kilometer 10 hectometers 10,000 centimeters 100,000 millimeters

10 hectometers

Which of the following is not equal to 0.1 centimeter? 0.000001 kilometer (km) 0.001 meter (m) 10 millimeters (mm) 1,000 micrometers (µm)

10 millimeters (mm)

Multiply and round to the proper number of significant figures. (896.5 cm)(12 cm) =

11,000

Give the number of significant figures in this number: 0.070

2

Give the number of significant figures: 0.011 cm

2

0.00001011 kilograms is a larger mass than 0.001011 grams.

True

54,000,000 nanometers = 0.000000054 megameter

True

A person's weight changes as he travels from the earth to space, but his mass remains the same.

True

A theory should be able to explain the relevant data and lead to correct predictions.

True

Accuracy is the correctness of a measurement.

True

Inductive reasoning requires creative thinking.

True

Precision is related to the uncertainty in a measurement.

True

The United States is one of the few countries in the world which has not yet adopted the metric system for general use.

True

The metric system is also called the SI system.

True

Volume is the space occupied by a quantity of matter.

True