PUBH 101 Chapter 1
locus of control
A belief about the amount of control a person has over situations in their life.
risk factors
Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat, such as age and family history
Spiritual Wellness
Capacity for love Compassion Forgiveness Altruism Joy and fulfillment Caring for others Sense of meaning and purpose Sense of belonging to something greater than oneself
Cultural Wellness
Creating relationships with those who are different from you, Maintaining and valuing your own cultural identity Avoiding stereotyping based on ethnicity, gender, religion, or sexual orientation
Occupational Wellness
Enjoying what you do Feeling valued by your manager Building satisfying relationships with coworkers Taking advantage of opportunities to learn and be challenged
Financial Wellness
Having a basic understanding of how money works Living within one's means Avoiding debt, especially for unnecessary items Saving for the future and for emergencies
Environmental Wellness
Having abundant, clean natural resources Maintaining sustainable development Recycling whenever possible Reducing pollution and waste
difference between health and wellness
Health can be determined or influenced by factors beyond our control. Wellness can be determined largely by the conscious decisions we make about how we live.
Latinos
Latinos are a diverse group, with roots in Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and South and Central America. Many Latinos are of mixed Spanish and American Indian descent or of mixed Spanish, Indian, and African American descent. Latinos on average have lower rates of heart disease, cancer, and suicide than the general population; areas of concern include gallbladder disease, obesity, diabetes, and lack of health insurance.
Be SMART about setting goals
Specific Measurable Attainable Realistic Time frame-specific
chronic disease
a disease that develops gradually and continues over a long period of time, such as as heart disease. Can be influenced by our lifestyle choices.
infectious disease
a disease that spread from person to person, caused by microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses.
health disparities
a health difference linked to social, economic, or environmental disadvantage that adversely affects a group of people.
behavior change
a lifestyle management process that involves cultivating healthy behaviors and working to overcome unhealthy ones
Interpersonal Wellness
ability to develop and maintain satisfying and supportive relationships. Communication skills Capacity for intimacy Ability to establish and maintain satisfying relationships Ability to cultivate a support system of friends and family
target behavior
an isolated behavior selected as the object of a behavior change program
gene
basic unit of heredity
self-confidence
both acceptance and esteem
wellness
expands the idea of health to include the ability to achieve optimal health and living a rich, meaningful, and energetic life.
difference from life span and health span
how long we live v.s. how long we stay healthy.
health span
how long we stay healthy and free from chronic or disabling disease.
gender
how people identify themselves
Asian Americans
include people who trace their ancestry to countries in the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent. Asian Americans have lower rates of coronary heart disease and obesity. However, health differences exist among these groups. For example, Southeast Asian American men have higher rates of smoking and lung cancer, and Vietnamese American women have higher rates of cervical cancer.
health
overall condition of a person's body or mind and to the presence or absence of illness or injury.
self-acceptance
personal satisfaction with yourself
Stages of change
precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination
ACA's 10 essential benefits
preventive care, outpatient care, emergency services, hospitalization, maternity care, lab tests, mental health, substance use treatment, prescription drugs, rehabilitative services and devices, lab services, and pediatric care.
Intellectual Wellness
the ability to think clearly, reason objectively, analyze, and use brain power to solve problems and meet life's challenges Openness to new ideas Capacity to question Ability to think critically Motivation to master new skills Sense of humor Creativity Curiosity Lifelong learning
self-efficacy
the belief in your ability to take action and perform a specific task
sex
the biological differences that distinguish males from females
genome
the complete set of genetic material in an organism
The higher your fitness level
the higher your level of physical wellness
mortality rate
the number of death in a population in a given period. usually expressed as a ratio.
life expectancy
the period of time a member of a given population is expected to live
health promotion
the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health
morbidity rate
the relative incidence of disease among a population
African Americans
the same leading causes of death as the general population, but they have a higher infant mortality rate and lower rates of suicide and osteoporosis. Health issues of special concern for African Americans include high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, asthma, and obesity. African American men are at significantly higher risk of prostate cancer than men in other groups.
self-esteem
the way you think others perceive you
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Americans
trace their ancestry to the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, and other Pacific Islands. Pacific Islander Americans have a higher overall death rate than the general population and higher rates of diabetes and asthma. Smoking and obesity are special concerns for this group.
emotional wellness
trust, self-confidence, optimism, satisfying relationships, and self-esteem Optimism Trust Self-esteem Self-acceptance Self-confidence Ability to understand and accept one's feelings Ability to share feelings with others
American Indians and Alaska Natives
typically embrace a tribal identity, such as Sioux, Navaho, or Hopi. American Indians and Alaska Natives have lower death rates from heart disease, stroke, and cancer than the general population, but they have higher rates of early death from causes linked to smoking and alcohol use, including injuries and cirrhosis. Diabetes is a special concern for many groups.