PUBH 101 Chapter 1

locus of control

A belief about the amount of control a person has over situations in their life.

risk factors

Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat, such as age and family history

Spiritual Wellness

Capacity for love Compassion Forgiveness Altruism Joy and fulfillment Caring for others Sense of meaning and purpose Sense of belonging to something greater than oneself

Cultural Wellness

Creating relationships with those who are different from you, Maintaining and valuing your own cultural identity Avoiding stereotyping based on ethnicity, gender, religion, or sexual orientation

Occupational Wellness

Enjoying what you do Feeling valued by your manager Building satisfying relationships with coworkers Taking advantage of opportunities to learn and be challenged

Financial Wellness

Having a basic understanding of how money works Living within one's means Avoiding debt, especially for unnecessary items Saving for the future and for emergencies

Environmental Wellness

Having abundant, clean natural resources Maintaining sustainable development Recycling whenever possible Reducing pollution and waste

difference between health and wellness

Health can be determined or influenced by factors beyond our control. Wellness can be determined largely by the conscious decisions we make about how we live.

Latinos

Latinos are a diverse group, with roots in Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and South and Central America. Many Latinos are of mixed Spanish and American Indian descent or of mixed Spanish, Indian, and African American descent. Latinos on average have lower rates of heart disease, cancer, and suicide than the general population; areas of concern include gallbladder disease, obesity, diabetes, and lack of health insurance.

Be SMART about setting goals

Specific Measurable Attainable Realistic Time frame-specific

chronic disease

a disease that develops gradually and continues over a long period of time, such as as heart disease. Can be influenced by our lifestyle choices.

infectious disease

a disease that spread from person to person, caused by microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses.

health disparities

a health difference linked to social, economic, or environmental disadvantage that adversely affects a group of people.

behavior change

a lifestyle management process that involves cultivating healthy behaviors and working to overcome unhealthy ones

Interpersonal Wellness

ability to develop and maintain satisfying and supportive relationships. Communication skills Capacity for intimacy Ability to establish and maintain satisfying relationships Ability to cultivate a support system of friends and family

target behavior

an isolated behavior selected as the object of a behavior change program

gene

basic unit of heredity

self-confidence

both acceptance and esteem

wellness

expands the idea of health to include the ability to achieve optimal health and living a rich, meaningful, and energetic life.

difference from life span and health span

how long we live v.s. how long we stay healthy.

health span

how long we stay healthy and free from chronic or disabling disease.

gender

how people identify themselves

Asian Americans

include people who trace their ancestry to countries in the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent. Asian Americans have lower rates of coronary heart disease and obesity. However, health differences exist among these groups. For example, Southeast Asian American men have higher rates of smoking and lung cancer, and Vietnamese American women have higher rates of cervical cancer.

health

overall condition of a person's body or mind and to the presence or absence of illness or injury.

self-acceptance

personal satisfaction with yourself

Stages of change

precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination

ACA's 10 essential benefits

preventive care, outpatient care, emergency services, hospitalization, maternity care, lab tests, mental health, substance use treatment, prescription drugs, rehabilitative services and devices, lab services, and pediatric care.

Intellectual Wellness

the ability to think clearly, reason objectively, analyze, and use brain power to solve problems and meet life's challenges Openness to new ideas Capacity to question Ability to think critically Motivation to master new skills Sense of humor Creativity Curiosity Lifelong learning

self-efficacy

the belief in your ability to take action and perform a specific task

sex

the biological differences that distinguish males from females

genome

the complete set of genetic material in an organism

The higher your fitness level

the higher your level of physical wellness

mortality rate

the number of death in a population in a given period. usually expressed as a ratio.

life expectancy

the period of time a member of a given population is expected to live

health promotion

the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health

morbidity rate

the relative incidence of disease among a population

African Americans

the same leading causes of death as the general population, but they have a higher infant mortality rate and lower rates of suicide and osteoporosis. Health issues of special concern for African Americans include high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, asthma, and obesity. African American men are at significantly higher risk of prostate cancer than men in other groups.

self-esteem

the way you think others perceive you

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Americans

trace their ancestry to the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, and other Pacific Islands. Pacific Islander Americans have a higher overall death rate than the general population and higher rates of diabetes and asthma. Smoking and obesity are special concerns for this group.

emotional wellness

trust, self-confidence, optimism, satisfying relationships, and self-esteem Optimism Trust Self-esteem Self-acceptance Self-confidence Ability to understand and accept one's feelings Ability to share feelings with others

American Indians and Alaska Natives

typically embrace a tribal identity, such as Sioux, Navaho, or Hopi. American Indians and Alaska Natives have lower death rates from heart disease, stroke, and cancer than the general population, but they have higher rates of early death from causes linked to smoking and alcohol use, including injuries and cirrhosis. Diabetes is a special concern for many groups.