Public speaking

Audiences at which of the following events would most likely be considered a "captive audience"

A sociology class at your college

Which of the following organizational patterns is generally more effective for questions of value?

Chronological, spatial, topical

If a speaker wants the audience to believe he or she is qualified to speak on a certain topic, he/she should focus on

Competence

"Mythos" is the term coined to designate appeals to _____.

Cultural beliefs

"Does watching too much television reduce individuals' critical thinking skills?" is a question of

Fact

A question of fact asks whether something is good or bad.

False

An important strategy that you can use to reinforce your points is to read the content of your presentation media verbatim to your audience.

False

An interactive whiteboard is an excellent way to present materials during your speech.

False

Audience analysis and adaptation take place only during the first states of speech preparation before you speak.

False

Because Internet pages can be a great source of information for your speeches, copying simple web pages onto slides is often a good idea

False

Close-ended questions are designed to elicit more in-depth information.

False

Connotative meanings are formal, or literal, meanings-- like the definitions you find in dictionaries

False

Connotative meanings are the ones you would find in a dictionary.

False

Demographics focus on psychological data such as the standpoints, values, beliefs, and attitudes of an audience.

False

Effective speakers speak about what they know, regardless of the makeup of their audience.

False

For Monroe's Motivated Sequence to be effective in a persuasive speech, the first step is the most important one.

False

In a syllogism, only one premise must hold true for the conclusion to be true.

False

It is a good idea to include verbal hedges in your speech so your audience will not be offended

False

It is important to carefully develop your slides and then fit your speech around them to maximize the effectiveness of your speech.

False

It is not necessary to preview your main points when your general purpose is to entertain

False

Most words have several connotative meanings and infinite denotative meanings.

False

Pathos refers to the audience's perception of a speaker as competent, trustworthy, dynamic, and likable.

False

Personal narratives are a common way persuasive speakers appeal to audiences' cultural beliefs.

False

Since audiences expect to be entertained, you should always use the latest and most complicated presentation technology available.

False

Statements of inference cannot be made about the future because they are confined to observations.

False

Statistics used as supporting materials are never subject to interpretation and manipulation

False

The conclusion of your speech is the least important of the four speech parts

False

The first thing a speaker should do in his or her introduction is state the thesis of the speech

False

The introduction has six functions.

False

The meanings of words do not change over time.

False

The setting or location in which you will be giving your speech should NOT factor into how you adapt to the audience.

False

The target audience for any speech is composed of the people who are physically present in the room when the speech is delivered

False

When you give a speech on a question of fact, you focus mainly on reinforcing or changing how people behave.

False

Your language is likely more formal in everyday speaking than when presenting a speech.

False

Your speech should try to use as many fallacious arguments as possible.

False

Hypothetical examples are based on actual events.

Flase

Presentation media should do which of the following

Help your audience remember your main ideas, Stimulate an emotional reaction, Emphasize a key point.

All of these are qualities of language discussed in your textbook EXCEPT

Language is arbitrary

When persuasive speakers use facts and statistics, they rely on _____ to influence the audience.

Logos

Language that needlessly emphasizes someone's race, class, gender, age, disability, sexual orientation, or other marker is likely an example of

Non inclusive language

Emotional appeals in one's speech are an appeal to _____.

Pathos

Which of the following refers to emotional appeals?

Pathos

Which of the following is discussed as a tip for effective presentation of media

Speak to your audeince, not your media., Consider the room, Practice with your media, Set up early.

A student is preparing a digital slide show for her informative speech. According to your textbook, which type of special effect is her best choice?

The student should avoid using special effects.

"If we improve the highway, it will lead to urban sprawl" is an example of a slippery-slope fallacy.

True

A persuasive speech on U.S. immigration reform is an example of a question of policy.

True

A question of policy asks what course of action should be taken or how a problem should be solved.

True

An effective attention getter can help to reduce a speaker's nervousness.

True

Argument forms the foundation of persuasion.

True

Arguments include two types of claims: conclusion and premise.

True

Asking your audience a question can be an effective attention getter at the start of your speech

True

Competence refers to the qualifications a speaker has to discuss his or her chosen speech topic.

True

Ethical persuasive speeches endorse freedom of expression, diversity of perspective, and tolerance of dissent.

True

Fallacies in evidence used by the speaker to support his claims involve errors in the relevance, accuracy, or sufficiency.

True

Generally speaking, captive audiences are less motivated to listen than voluntary audiences

True

In an argument, evidence is the supporting material used to reinforce a claim.

True

In deductive reasoning, the speaker argues from the general principle to the specific instance.

True

Individuals who share demographic similarities may have vastly different standpoints arising from their personal experiences in life.

True

Integrating visual and auditory imagery in the conclusion of your speech can make your topic more memorable and reinforce your purpose.

True

Metaphors rely on an implicit comparison while similes make an explicit comparison.

True

Noninclusive language promotes discrimination and stereotyping, even if the speaker's word choices are unintentional.

True

One way you can put your language in context is to refer to current events.

True

Persuasive speakers advocate a particular view on a topic they want the audience to adopt

True

Questions of value ask for qualitative judgments about something's significance.

True

Relating your own narrative personalizes the topic and helps listeners understand why you chose it.

True

Similes, metaphors, rhymes, and alliteration are examples of using visual language in a speech.

True

Speakers often use analogies to help an audience understand something new to them.

True

Speakers should avoid citing too many facts and statistics during a speech to avoid losing the attention of audience members.

True

Speeches on questions of value don't necessarily ask the audience to change their behavior.

True

The best use of visual media is to reveal material you can't easily describe with words.

True

The conclusion of your speech is typically shorter than the introduction

True

The word "should" usually suggests that you are looking at a question of policy pattern.

True

Using gender-fair language in your speeches means using similar language for women and men when describing them and their accomplishments.

True

Using testimony to support your claims only works if listeners believe in the source's credibility and feel a personal connection to the source or topic.

True

When creating presentation media, there should be a blank slide between each content slide so audience members are not distracted

True

When using digital slides in your speech, you should strive for high contrast between the color of the slide background and the color of the text.

True

When using digital slides, a speaker should use keywords rather than complete sentences.

True

When you ask a rhetorical question in your speech, you are encouraging your listeners to think about the answer, but they will expect you to provide the answer as part of your speech

True

When you interact with people whose backgrounds differ from your own, you learn how to better articulate your own cultural identity and understand the cultural identities of others.

True

While audiences tend to find examples persuasive when they are used in conjunction with other forms of supporting materials-- especially statistics and facts--examples alone usually are not convincing

True

Words are symbols that stand for something else.

True

You should always make sure your audience has an unobstructed view of your presentation

True

Your speech should end with a strong reference to the opening attention device

True

Which of the following helps you personalize your language?

Use the pronouns I, you, and us, Discuss shared experiences, Refer to specific people in the audience.

Which of the following can be accomplished with the use of a document camera?

Zoom in on a specific part of a small or medium-sized object, Display a highly detailed image, Demonstrate something with your hands, like assembling a small handicraft.

All of the following are techniques for speaking to diverse audiences EXCEPT

address different pats of your audiences in separate sections of your speech.

All of the following words are explicitly identified in your textbook as words indicating a conclusion EXCEPT

after

"Fat flogs flying past fast" is an example of which language device?

alliteration

When using _____ reasoning, the two things compared must have enough similarities to make the comparison believable.

analogical

"Looking for wild asparagus is like hunting for mushrooms; they are relatively hard to find, but well worth the effort when you do find them." This type of comparison is called a(n)

analogy

In persuading a(n) _____ audience, speakers may ethically take a one-sided approach to the topic.

apathetic

Which of the following is not one of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

attention

Adapting to the setting requires you to consider all of the following EXCEPT

audience

Arriving at the speech site early and checking on the technical equipment for your speech helps you

avoid many technical problems, confirm settings like focal sharpness and volume, manage your nervousness.

Persuasion implies

choice

Speakers succeed to the degree tht they

connect with the audience

_____ meaning is unique and associated with a word based on a person's own experiences.

connotative

As she spoke, the audience perceived her to be competent about the topic, honest and sincere, and to be a dynamic speaker. These perceptions greatly increase a speaker's

credibility

Letting the audience know you are an authority on your topic establishes your

credibility

Syllogisms are used in _____ reasoning.

deductive

Definitions enable speakers to accomplish which of the following?

definitions enable speakers to accomplish all of the above

All of the following are effective techniques for adapting to diverse audiences EXCEPT

dressing accordingly

All of the following are listed in your textbook as guidelines for using video clips to support a speech EXCEPT

ensure that the video clip provides an enjoyable experience for your audience

All of the following are tasks to be accomplished during the conclusion of a speech EXCEPT

establishing credibility

"We either raise student tuition or lay off teachers" is an example of which fallacy?

false dilemma

Which type of example is most appropriate when audience members are already familiar with the situation, person, object, or event cited?

general example

Including a memorable message in the conclusion of your speech will

help make your thesis unforgettable.

After getting your audience's attention, you should shift smoothly to the next element of your introduction, which is

indicating your speech's purpose and thesis

Language and culture are

inseparable

Which type of testimony do journalists often use when reporting on human-interest stories?

lay testimony

When using digital slides as your presentation media, you should

make sure the fonts are large enough for everyone to read easily

Humor can be a useful tool in your introduction but your humor should never

make you look incompetent, disparage groups of people, trivialize your topic.

"Into each life a little rain must fall" is an example of a(n)

metaphor

Which of the following is an example of visual language?

metaphors

With a(n) _____ audience, the persuasive speaker should visualize the topic for the audience in positive ways.

negative

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech repeats the phrase, "I have a dream". This is an example of which language device?

parallelism

A person's standpoint can best be described as her or his

perspective on the world

Which of the following types of presentation media is most useful for helping audiences comprehend abstract materials and concepts?

physical models

Effectively managing our technology requires

planning and practice

"Should all college students be required to take a course in public speaking?" is a question of

policy

Tag questions and hedges are usually associated with

powerless language, a speaker's self-doubt, uncertainty

All of the following are effective ways to establish your credibility as a speaker EXCEPT

previewing your main points to demonstrate your knowledge.

The idea that an audience is likely to form an opinion of a speaker in the first few moments of a speech is termed the

primacy effect

All of the following are accomplished by a speaker in the speech's introduction EXCEPT

providing a memorable message

Ending your speech with a dramatic statement is one technique for

providing closure

Persuasive speeches address questions of all of the following EXCEPT

purpose

Division, hasty generalization, and weak analogy are examples of fallacies in

reasoning

An audience is more likely to remember what speakers present at the end of a speech than what they present in the speech body. This is known as the

recency effect

Because of the fleeting nature of spoken language, you need to build redundancy into your speech. You do this through

reviews, internal summaries, previews

"Josh was flopping like a fish on a line" is an example of a(n) _____.

simile

Informal language typically used in an interpersonal setting is referred to as

slang

Inductive reasoning works best when

speakers use multiple, diverse, and relevant examples.

Because they appeal to logic, audience members generally find _____ can be convincing in persuasive situations.

statistics

If you want to quantify the magnitude of a problem in your speech, you may want to use

statistics

The setting of a speech plays an important role in audience-centered public speaking and includes

the physical location, the occasion, and the time.

All of the following organizational patterns are appropriate for a speech on a question of policy EXCEPT

topical

A question of _____ asks for a subjective evaluation of something's worth, significance, quality, or condition.

value

When you judge something as good or bad, right or wrong, important versus unimportant, you are expressing your

values

In the _______ step of the motivated sequence, the speaker presents information that shows the benefits of her proposed solution.

visualization

Visual materials can be broken into which two categories?

written information and images