Public speaking
Audiences at which of the following events would most likely be considered a "captive audience"
A sociology class at your college
Which of the following organizational patterns is generally more effective for questions of value?
Chronological, spatial, topical
If a speaker wants the audience to believe he or she is qualified to speak on a certain topic, he/she should focus on
Competence
"Mythos" is the term coined to designate appeals to _____.
Cultural beliefs
"Does watching too much television reduce individuals' critical thinking skills?" is a question of
Fact
A question of fact asks whether something is good or bad.
False
An important strategy that you can use to reinforce your points is to read the content of your presentation media verbatim to your audience.
False
An interactive whiteboard is an excellent way to present materials during your speech.
False
Audience analysis and adaptation take place only during the first states of speech preparation before you speak.
False
Because Internet pages can be a great source of information for your speeches, copying simple web pages onto slides is often a good idea
False
Close-ended questions are designed to elicit more in-depth information.
False
Connotative meanings are formal, or literal, meanings-- like the definitions you find in dictionaries
False
Connotative meanings are the ones you would find in a dictionary.
False
Demographics focus on psychological data such as the standpoints, values, beliefs, and attitudes of an audience.
False
Effective speakers speak about what they know, regardless of the makeup of their audience.
False
For Monroe's Motivated Sequence to be effective in a persuasive speech, the first step is the most important one.
False
In a syllogism, only one premise must hold true for the conclusion to be true.
False
It is a good idea to include verbal hedges in your speech so your audience will not be offended
False
It is important to carefully develop your slides and then fit your speech around them to maximize the effectiveness of your speech.
False
It is not necessary to preview your main points when your general purpose is to entertain
False
Most words have several connotative meanings and infinite denotative meanings.
False
Pathos refers to the audience's perception of a speaker as competent, trustworthy, dynamic, and likable.
False
Personal narratives are a common way persuasive speakers appeal to audiences' cultural beliefs.
False
Since audiences expect to be entertained, you should always use the latest and most complicated presentation technology available.
False
Statements of inference cannot be made about the future because they are confined to observations.
False
Statistics used as supporting materials are never subject to interpretation and manipulation
False
The conclusion of your speech is the least important of the four speech parts
False
The first thing a speaker should do in his or her introduction is state the thesis of the speech
False
The introduction has six functions.
False
The meanings of words do not change over time.
False
The setting or location in which you will be giving your speech should NOT factor into how you adapt to the audience.
False
The target audience for any speech is composed of the people who are physically present in the room when the speech is delivered
False
When you give a speech on a question of fact, you focus mainly on reinforcing or changing how people behave.
False
Your language is likely more formal in everyday speaking than when presenting a speech.
False
Your speech should try to use as many fallacious arguments as possible.
False
Hypothetical examples are based on actual events.
Flase
Presentation media should do which of the following
Help your audience remember your main ideas, Stimulate an emotional reaction, Emphasize a key point.
All of these are qualities of language discussed in your textbook EXCEPT
Language is arbitrary
When persuasive speakers use facts and statistics, they rely on _____ to influence the audience.
Logos
Language that needlessly emphasizes someone's race, class, gender, age, disability, sexual orientation, or other marker is likely an example of
Non inclusive language
Emotional appeals in one's speech are an appeal to _____.
Pathos
Which of the following refers to emotional appeals?
Pathos
Which of the following is discussed as a tip for effective presentation of media
Speak to your audeince, not your media., Consider the room, Practice with your media, Set up early.
A student is preparing a digital slide show for her informative speech. According to your textbook, which type of special effect is her best choice?
The student should avoid using special effects.
"If we improve the highway, it will lead to urban sprawl" is an example of a slippery-slope fallacy.
True
A persuasive speech on U.S. immigration reform is an example of a question of policy.
True
A question of policy asks what course of action should be taken or how a problem should be solved.
True
An effective attention getter can help to reduce a speaker's nervousness.
True
Argument forms the foundation of persuasion.
True
Arguments include two types of claims: conclusion and premise.
True
Asking your audience a question can be an effective attention getter at the start of your speech
True
Competence refers to the qualifications a speaker has to discuss his or her chosen speech topic.
True
Ethical persuasive speeches endorse freedom of expression, diversity of perspective, and tolerance of dissent.
True
Fallacies in evidence used by the speaker to support his claims involve errors in the relevance, accuracy, or sufficiency.
True
Generally speaking, captive audiences are less motivated to listen than voluntary audiences
True
In an argument, evidence is the supporting material used to reinforce a claim.
True
In deductive reasoning, the speaker argues from the general principle to the specific instance.
True
Individuals who share demographic similarities may have vastly different standpoints arising from their personal experiences in life.
True
Integrating visual and auditory imagery in the conclusion of your speech can make your topic more memorable and reinforce your purpose.
True
Metaphors rely on an implicit comparison while similes make an explicit comparison.
True
Noninclusive language promotes discrimination and stereotyping, even if the speaker's word choices are unintentional.
True
One way you can put your language in context is to refer to current events.
True
Persuasive speakers advocate a particular view on a topic they want the audience to adopt
True
Questions of value ask for qualitative judgments about something's significance.
True
Relating your own narrative personalizes the topic and helps listeners understand why you chose it.
True
Similes, metaphors, rhymes, and alliteration are examples of using visual language in a speech.
True
Speakers often use analogies to help an audience understand something new to them.
True
Speakers should avoid citing too many facts and statistics during a speech to avoid losing the attention of audience members.
True
Speeches on questions of value don't necessarily ask the audience to change their behavior.
True
The best use of visual media is to reveal material you can't easily describe with words.
True
The conclusion of your speech is typically shorter than the introduction
True
The word "should" usually suggests that you are looking at a question of policy pattern.
True
Using gender-fair language in your speeches means using similar language for women and men when describing them and their accomplishments.
True
Using testimony to support your claims only works if listeners believe in the source's credibility and feel a personal connection to the source or topic.
True
When creating presentation media, there should be a blank slide between each content slide so audience members are not distracted
True
When using digital slides in your speech, you should strive for high contrast between the color of the slide background and the color of the text.
True
When using digital slides, a speaker should use keywords rather than complete sentences.
True
When you ask a rhetorical question in your speech, you are encouraging your listeners to think about the answer, but they will expect you to provide the answer as part of your speech
True
When you interact with people whose backgrounds differ from your own, you learn how to better articulate your own cultural identity and understand the cultural identities of others.
True
While audiences tend to find examples persuasive when they are used in conjunction with other forms of supporting materials-- especially statistics and facts--examples alone usually are not convincing
True
Words are symbols that stand for something else.
True
You should always make sure your audience has an unobstructed view of your presentation
True
Your speech should end with a strong reference to the opening attention device
True
Which of the following helps you personalize your language?
Use the pronouns I, you, and us, Discuss shared experiences, Refer to specific people in the audience.
Which of the following can be accomplished with the use of a document camera?
Zoom in on a specific part of a small or medium-sized object, Display a highly detailed image, Demonstrate something with your hands, like assembling a small handicraft.
All of the following are techniques for speaking to diverse audiences EXCEPT
address different pats of your audiences in separate sections of your speech.
All of the following words are explicitly identified in your textbook as words indicating a conclusion EXCEPT
after
"Fat flogs flying past fast" is an example of which language device?
alliteration
When using _____ reasoning, the two things compared must have enough similarities to make the comparison believable.
analogical
"Looking for wild asparagus is like hunting for mushrooms; they are relatively hard to find, but well worth the effort when you do find them." This type of comparison is called a(n)
analogy
In persuading a(n) _____ audience, speakers may ethically take a one-sided approach to the topic.
apathetic
Which of the following is not one of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
attention
Adapting to the setting requires you to consider all of the following EXCEPT
audience
Arriving at the speech site early and checking on the technical equipment for your speech helps you
avoid many technical problems, confirm settings like focal sharpness and volume, manage your nervousness.
Persuasion implies
choice
Speakers succeed to the degree tht they
connect with the audience
_____ meaning is unique and associated with a word based on a person's own experiences.
connotative
As she spoke, the audience perceived her to be competent about the topic, honest and sincere, and to be a dynamic speaker. These perceptions greatly increase a speaker's
credibility
Letting the audience know you are an authority on your topic establishes your
credibility
Syllogisms are used in _____ reasoning.
deductive
Definitions enable speakers to accomplish which of the following?
definitions enable speakers to accomplish all of the above
All of the following are effective techniques for adapting to diverse audiences EXCEPT
dressing accordingly
All of the following are listed in your textbook as guidelines for using video clips to support a speech EXCEPT
ensure that the video clip provides an enjoyable experience for your audience
All of the following are tasks to be accomplished during the conclusion of a speech EXCEPT
establishing credibility
"We either raise student tuition or lay off teachers" is an example of which fallacy?
false dilemma
Which type of example is most appropriate when audience members are already familiar with the situation, person, object, or event cited?
general example
Including a memorable message in the conclusion of your speech will
help make your thesis unforgettable.
After getting your audience's attention, you should shift smoothly to the next element of your introduction, which is
indicating your speech's purpose and thesis
Language and culture are
inseparable
Which type of testimony do journalists often use when reporting on human-interest stories?
lay testimony
When using digital slides as your presentation media, you should
make sure the fonts are large enough for everyone to read easily
Humor can be a useful tool in your introduction but your humor should never
make you look incompetent, disparage groups of people, trivialize your topic.
"Into each life a little rain must fall" is an example of a(n)
metaphor
Which of the following is an example of visual language?
metaphors
With a(n) _____ audience, the persuasive speaker should visualize the topic for the audience in positive ways.
negative
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech repeats the phrase, "I have a dream". This is an example of which language device?
parallelism
A person's standpoint can best be described as her or his
perspective on the world
Which of the following types of presentation media is most useful for helping audiences comprehend abstract materials and concepts?
physical models
Effectively managing our technology requires
planning and practice
"Should all college students be required to take a course in public speaking?" is a question of
policy
Tag questions and hedges are usually associated with
powerless language, a speaker's self-doubt, uncertainty
All of the following are effective ways to establish your credibility as a speaker EXCEPT
previewing your main points to demonstrate your knowledge.
The idea that an audience is likely to form an opinion of a speaker in the first few moments of a speech is termed the
primacy effect
All of the following are accomplished by a speaker in the speech's introduction EXCEPT
providing a memorable message
Ending your speech with a dramatic statement is one technique for
providing closure
Persuasive speeches address questions of all of the following EXCEPT
purpose
Division, hasty generalization, and weak analogy are examples of fallacies in
reasoning
An audience is more likely to remember what speakers present at the end of a speech than what they present in the speech body. This is known as the
recency effect
Because of the fleeting nature of spoken language, you need to build redundancy into your speech. You do this through
reviews, internal summaries, previews
"Josh was flopping like a fish on a line" is an example of a(n) _____.
simile
Informal language typically used in an interpersonal setting is referred to as
slang
Inductive reasoning works best when
speakers use multiple, diverse, and relevant examples.
Because they appeal to logic, audience members generally find _____ can be convincing in persuasive situations.
statistics
If you want to quantify the magnitude of a problem in your speech, you may want to use
statistics
The setting of a speech plays an important role in audience-centered public speaking and includes
the physical location, the occasion, and the time.
All of the following organizational patterns are appropriate for a speech on a question of policy EXCEPT
topical
A question of _____ asks for a subjective evaluation of something's worth, significance, quality, or condition.
value
When you judge something as good or bad, right or wrong, important versus unimportant, you are expressing your
values
In the _______ step of the motivated sequence, the speaker presents information that shows the benefits of her proposed solution.
visualization
Visual materials can be broken into which two categories?
written information and images