Public Speaking Final

Due to the nature of online presentations, speakers need not practice as many times as they would for a face-to-face presentation.

false

Ethnocentrism is the belief that the cultural ways of others are better than one's own cultural ways.

false

If the audience is aware of counterarguments and the speaker raises and refutes them, the speaker risks losing credibility with the audience

false

In real-time presentations, speaker and audience are separated by space and time

false

It is not necessary to acknowledge direct quotations in a speech.

false

Pronunciation is the clarity or forcefulness with which word sounds are made so that they are audible and discernible.

false

Speakers can choose from two basic methods of delivery.

false

Speaking from memory is the most natural way to deliver a message.

false

Speaking is the communication activity that one does more than any other.

false

The highest level in Maslow's hierarchy is self-esteem needs.

false

The median is the most frequently occurring score in a distribution.

false

The nature of a speaker's arguments and evidence is not an important factor to consider when selecting an organizational pattern.

false

The persuasive speaker's objective is to limit the audience's alternatives to the side the speaker represents by ignoring the unfavorable alternatives altogether.

false

When evaluating evidence, the listener should assume that the sources of evidence are credible.

false

The audience's response to a message, conveyed both verbally and nonverbally, is referred to as

feedback

Videorecording ______ practice sessions can provide valuable feedback to a speaker.

two

_________-refers to the deliberate falsification of information.

Disinformation

Monologues feature an open sharing of ideas in an atmosphere of respect.

False

Which of the following is not true of visualizing?

It involves physically going through the motions of giving your speech.

When planning to poll the audience during the introduction, speakers should do which of the following?

Plan time for the audience to ask questions during the introduction.

If English is not a speaker's first language, which of the following should the speaker do?

Practice difficult words in English.

Brainstorming is a problem-solving process involving the spontaneous generation of ideas.

True

Speaking about grassroots issues provides opportunities to engage with the community

True

An argument consists of

a claim, evidence, and warrants.

A speech on the Battle of Gettysburg is which type of informative speech?

a speech about an event

Factors that distinguish public speaking from other forms of communication include

all the options

When used as supporting material in a speech, examples can

all the options

Under which of the following conditions is the persuasive purpose appropriate?

all the options correct

Audience members will understand a new concept more easily if the speaker uses a(n) ___________ to link the unfamiliar with the familiar.

analogy

A speech consisting of a story or a series of short stories should use a topical pattern of arrangement

false

Speakers who engage in dialogic communication

approach a speech as an opportunity to achieve understanding with audience members.

Warrants that rely on an audience's beliefs about the credibility or acceptability of a source of evidence are termed ______ warrants.

authoritative

A concluding challenge by a speaker that asks an audience to act in response to the speech or change their beliefs or actions is termed a

call to action

A speaker seeking to express the events leading to higher interest rates should choose which pattern of organization?

causal

To discuss a topic in terms of its underlying causes, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

causal

To describe a series of developments in time or a set of actions that occur sequentially, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

chronological

The following comprise positive ethos:

competence, good moral character, and goodwill.

To learn public speaking, you can draw on skills that you already possess from these two types of communication:

conversation and composition

A speech describing a series of events in the development of a new idea would be best served by a spatial pattern of arrangement.

false

A speech that defines, describes, explains, or demonstrates is persuasive in nature.

false

Effective interview questions

don't lead the interviewee to a desired response.

A three-part argument consisting of a general case, a specific case, and a conclusion is called an enthymeme

false

According to Aristotle, appealing to the emotions of the audience is called ethos.

false

Echinacea is an effective remedy for treating the common cold. This statement is a claim of

fact

A chalkboard is an effective presentation aid when a speaker

gives an impromptu explanation

If a speaker is an expert, he or she

has enough knowledge and experience to help the audience understand the speech topic.

According to Geert Hofstede, which cultures structure life more rigidly and formally for their members?

high-uncertainty avoidance cultures

Surveys are an especially effective source of support for topics related to the attitudes, values, and beliefs of the people

in a speaker's immediate environment.

Socioeconomic status includes

income, occupation and education

Which type of graph is useful for demonstrating how something changes or fluctuates in value?

line graph

According to Aristotle, persuasive appeals consist of

logos, pathos and ethos

The method of speech delivery that gives a speaker greater flexibility in adapting to a specific speaking situation is

speaking extemporaneously.

The formal name for speaking from memory is

oratory

Values are

our most enduring judgments about what is good and bad in life.

Abandoning your convictions in order to appeal to the audience is known as

pandering.

Collectivist cultures would generally consider which of the following to be most important?

parents wishes

Which of the following is not one of the five canons of rhetoric?

persuasion

Speeches about ______ refer to a series of steps that lead to a finished product or end result

processes

_____ learners are most comfortable processing information that is text-based.

read/write

Which type of informative speech relies on reportage and backstory?

speech about events

Paying attention to information that is important to us, paying attention to information that touches on our own experiences and backgrounds, and sorting and filtering new information based on what we already know are key elements of

selective perception

The most ideal time to begin practicing your speech is

several days before your speech.

Speakers frequently base their startling statements on

statistics

The recipient of the source's message is

the receiver

A conclusion gives the speaker the opportunity to drive home his or her purpose and a final chance to make the kind of impression that will accomplish the goals of the speech.

true

A key-word outline uses the smallest possible units of understanding to outline the main and supporting points.

true

A well-written thesis statement aids the speaker in developing a coherent, understandable arrangement of information

true

An argument is a stated position, with support for or against an idea or issue

true

An example of lazy speech is saying "wanna" instead of "want to."

true

An organizational chart illustrates the organizational structure or chain of command in an organization.

true

Claims of policy recommend that a specific course of action be taken.

true

Copyright laws are designed to protect intellectual property.

true

During the elocutionary movement, speechmaking was regarded as a type of performance, much like acting.

true

Establishing speaker credibility is particularly important when the audience doesn't know the speaker well.

true

In a two-sided message, a speaker will mention opposing points of view and sometimes attempt to refute them.

true

Lay testimony is testimony by nonexperts.

true

Most people require some type of evidence before they will accept a speaker's position or claims.

true

Persuasive appeals based on reasoning are termed logos.

true

Sarcasm that belittles others in a speech introduction is always inappropriate.

true

Speaker credibility includes expertise, trustworthiness, and speaker similarity.

true

Speakers should consider their target audience as they decide upon their particular mix of supporting materials.

true

Speakers who employ propaganda aim to manipulate an audience's emotions for the purpose of promoting a belief system or dogma.

true

Speech evaluations by others are usually more distorted than self-evaluations.

true

Speech points that demonstrate that a particular set of circumstances leads to a specific result can be arranged using the cause-effect pattern of organization

true

Successful speakers respect their listeners' values

true

Supporting material that provides grounds for belief in a claim is called evidence

true

The narrative pattern of organization is particularly effective when addressing a sympathetic audience.

true

The success or failure of authoritative warrants rests on how highly the audience regards the authority figure.

true

The thesis statement should be stated in a way that will motivate the audience to listen.

true

The two types of substantive warrants that occur most commonly in speeches are causation and analogy

true

Using a quotation that captures the essence of the speech can be a very effective way to close a speech.

true

When speakers use the technique of previewing in an introduction, they state the main points of the speech as well as the order in which they will be addressed.

true

Which of the following outlines is an in-process document a speaker uses to organize and firm up main points and decide which supporting materials will best substantiate them?

working