Public Speaking- Final Exam

Which statement from a presentation about organ donation is a supporting fact and not a statistic?

"A kidney transplant is a surgical procedure that replaces a diseased or nonfunctioning kidney with a healthy kidney from a living or deceased donor."

Braelyn is rehearsing her keynote address for an upcoming conference about space exploration and asks for feedback. Which component of her speech should she revise?

"I'll leave you with one final thought: We have tried something similar in the past and failed. The risk for failure here is great as well."

Adelle is preparing a presentation on how children learn to read in the digital age. Which statement from her presentation would be classified as a fact?

"In her experiment examining how children interact with digital media, Levy conducted interviews with students, teachers, and parents."

Which is an example of external noise?

A classmate is tapping her pencil during an exam.

A presentation about the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services includes the statement, "The Migrant Health Act was passed in 1962." This is an example of:

A fact

Cynthia is using information obtained from her personal interview with an investment adviser as a source for her speech about saving for retirement. What guidelines should Cynthia follow regarding the inclusion of an oral citation?

An oral citation is needed and should include the fact that Cynthia personally interviewed the adviser, the adviser's name and profession, the company the adviser works for, and the date of the interview.

Which is true of active listening?

As a technique, it originates from the therapeutic setting.

Ted is giving a speech on poetry. Which statement should he include in his speech to increase the chances of the speech lingering in the minds of the audience?

As the famous writer and poet Edgar Allan Poe said, "Quoth the Raven, nevermore."

During brainstorming, Riley becomes stuck. She decides to use free association and populates an entire page of seemingly unrelated words. What should Riley do next?

Ask herself what the words have in common.

Samantha's informative speech is about the environmental problems caused by plastic water bottles. Which support material will BEST help her demonstrate the seriousness of this problem?

Statics

How is the conversational model different from the civic model?

The conversational model sees public speaking as a dialogue between the speaker and the audience, whereas the civic model sees public speaking as a component of a much larger democratic dialogue among communities.

Eve is writing a speech for her communications class about the use of replay in professional sports. Within her speech, she says, "The NBA, NFL, MLB, and NHL all currently include video reviews and/or challenges." In terms of requiring further research, how does this statement stack up?

This statement is common knowledge and is not controversial.

During class, Professor Ingraham states, "Public speaking can be used to inform and persuade, but unscrupulous speakers can also use it as a means to manipulate." Professor Ingraham is referring to speakers':

Ethics

A speaker is giving a speech to other members of their community. The speaker begins by stating that they have lived in the community their whole life and care about the people who live there and their success. Which is this an example of?

Eunoia: efers to thinking of the audience positively and demonstrating goodwill toward them.

Pete is giving a speech using presentation aids and asks a friend for advice. What advice should his friend give him?

Face your audience, not your presentation.

Janessa is a medical blogger and is giving a speech at a writers' conference. Her audience consists of about 30 people, and the speech is taking place in a small meeting room. How does this scenario compare to the average speech people are asked to give in their lifetimes?

Most speeches are for smaller groups and take place in smaller locations.

Which presentation aid is considered technology bound?

Multimedia

While delivering his grandmother's eulogy, Terrance talks about his memories of cooking with her. What type of testimony is he using?

Personal experience

Damian found this statistic while doing research for an upcoming presentation: "According to the survey, 77 percent of the public favor incremental increases to the Medicare program." What question should he find the answer to before including this statistic in his presentation?

Who was the survey sent to?

Margo is reading an online story about the potential health benefits of multivitamins. What key question should she ask in order to determine whether it is from a reliable source?

Who wrote the story?

In what way has impression management become increasingly prominent?

Whole industries exist to manage impressions.

Which is a consideration when embedding an image from the Internet into a presentation?

Will the audience be able to see this?

Clifton gives an informative speech for his speech class. He speaks more slowly during serious portions, modulates his voice, pauses frequently between points, and avoids the use of verbal fillers. What feedback is his speech professor MOST likely to give about Clifton's speech?

Work to reduce the number of pauses in your speaking.

Dave is supposed to deliver the eulogy at his father's funeral, but he is afraid he will become too emotional when trying to speak. What should Dave do in this case?

Write out his speech and take breaks when speaking as needed.

What can an audience member do to make sure they remember the main points of a speech?

Write them down.

If a speaker is referencing a song in their speech, it would be most efficient to:

Play the song for the audience

Syed is attending an online training session. During the session, Syed responds, "Got it," every few minutes, even when he is checking his e-mail and not fully paying attention. This behavior is indicative of:

Pretend listening; Pretend listening occurs when a person fake listens to another person by nodding their head or seeming to understand.)

Laney asks a friend to listen to her speech and give feedback. In her speech, Laney opens with a direct quote from a well-known activist, states her thesis, gives a preview of what she plans to cover, enumerates each point as she moves through her speech, concludes by repeating her thesis word for word, and then says, "Thank you." What feedback should her friend give her?

Rather than repeating your thesis exactly, try stating it another way.

Which ending to a speech about the accomplishments of singer Whitney Houston would MOST likely be remembered by the audience?

Remember her accomplishments and, in the words of Whitney Houston herself, remember that she "never lived in anyone's shadow."

Which of these would likely be the MOST difficult to embed in a slide?

Sound clips

How can public speakers direct the possible meanings of what they say?

Speakers can try to be aware of what their words may communicate unintentionally.

Which statement about a speaker's appearance is true?

Speakers should avoid standing out from the crowd.

Which is NOT a gesture?

a growling stomach

Lily tells her friend that her son is starting to throw temper tantrums. Her friend replies, "You have to nip that *********** before it gets out of control." Lily's friend's erroneous use of "nip it ***********" rather than "nip it in the bud" is an example of:

a malapropism.

Martin posts a picture to Instagram while eating dinner at his favorite restaurant. Several of his Instagram followers like the photo and comment that they love the restaurant as well. This scenario is an example of:

a moment of identification

Who or what is MOST likely to change a person's values?

a parent

Da-Juan is receiving the Making a Difference Outstanding Community Service Award for his work in the community. He is expected to give a short speech at the ceremony. He will be giving what type of speech?

acceptance speech

Abby will be presenting her research at a conference of her peers. She plans to present a project she has been working on for several years, but she needs to limit its scope to fit within the twenty minutes she has been allotted for her presentation. What would MOST help Abby narrow her topic?

learning about the audience's main interests about the topic

Which organizational pattern would MOST likely be used if a speaker were to give a speech that tells the story of Harry S. Truman?

narrative

Grady is planning to give a speech to a group of young professionals. Which speech topic would be MOST appropriate for this group?

networking strategies for long-term career success

Once the speaker has an idea of how the audience will dress, they should wear what the audience will wear, but they should do it a bit:

nicer

What is a key difference between an informative speaker and a persuasive speaker?

objectivity

Sheryl is trying to quickly increase sales of a natural supplement she sells in order to rank higher within her company. She wants to be ethical in her approach. Which approach should she take?

offer an incentive to customers that the company has approved of

A thesis statement functions as what for the audience?

oral cue

Violet has created a list of speech points and organized them into a hierarchical list using headings and subheadings. Violet has created a(n):

outline

Which dimension of public speaking can arouse a sense of love or hatred?

pathos

Jean-luc Doumont notes that slide software is an effective presentation tool, especially when the speech goal is to:

persuade the audience

A lawyer gives a speech to convince a judge of his client's innocence. Which contemporary speech genre does this fall under?

persuasive

In Zahra's speech, she says, "I can promise that if you elect me class president, I will put your needs first." Zahra then goes on to list her objectives for office, referring to her speaking outline from time to time. What kind of speech is Zahra giving?

persuasive

Shayna is making a speech that tries to influence others. What type of modern speech is Shayna making?

persuasive

Which presentation aid would be MOST helpful when describing a complex process?

pictures

Meka is evaluating statistics that she may include in her speech. As part of her evaluation, she asks herself, "Does the data support the financial gains of a person or an organization?" Meka is MOST likely assessing for:

possible bias

When introducing a speech, a speaker lists all the main points they intend to cover. This is an example of a(n):

preview- The final component of a speech introduction is the place or moment in which the speaker gives a preview about what the audience is going to hear.

In Evander's speech introduction, he states, "I'm going to walk you through the five steps for making a latte at home without an espresso machine." His speech topic is about a(n):

process

In a speech about making a peanut butter and jelly sandwich, a speaker plans to bring a jar of peanut butter, a jar of jelly, and a loaf of bread. These items would be considered:

props

Informative speakers are in a position to help their audience learn, but they need to do three things to encourage and interest the audience, including making their speeches unique, personally relevant, and:

simple

Paula, who is American, is having dinner with Greta, who is from Germany, and their mutual friend. During the dinner, Greta often talks openly about sex, which makes Paula uncomfortable. Paula's listening barrier with Greta is likely due to:

cultural differences

Kenny works on the receiving dock for a retail store. At recent team meetings, his manager has been calling him out for making errors. Kenny now feels a sense of dread and anger about these meetings, and even though he appears to be listening calmly, he knows he isn't really listening. What listening barrier is causing Kenny to not listen during meetings?

defensive listening

Samantha is giving an informative speech that explains the process of making a potato battery. Which presentation aid would be MOST appropriate for her speech?

diagrams

Jiaping is working on a speech about audio engineering. Her audience is a social club in which members work on improving their communication skills. How can Jiaping make her speech personally relevant for her audience?

discussing the audio engineering work that goes into concerts

Jack makes inferences about a speaker's character. Jack is referring to the speaker's:

disposition

Isaac is giving a speech at a formal fund-raising event for an animal shelter. He considers himself somewhat zany and wants to express his personality in how he dresses for the event. Which clothing or accessory choice would be appropriate?

dress shoes with rhinestones on the top

Ryan is introducing the president of the company at the annual shareholders' meeting. What form of speech support is he MOST likely to rely on in his introduction?

facts

Megan is giving a speech about retirement plans to employees at a small company, and she wants to develop a rapport with her audience. Which action will be MOST effective in helping Megan accomplish this?

finding out the average age in the audience

Angelina is picking out kale at the grocery store. An older woman whom Angelina does not know approaches and says, "This store has the best kale." Angelina smiles and nods because she thinks the same thing. Which of Burke's ideas does this exemplify?

flattery

Aristotle noted that the various speeches of celebration have two things in common: (1) they are fundamentally designed to bring a community together, and (2) they are:

focused on the present

A speaker is creating a slide presentation to support their speech. If they are asking themselves, "Will I have Internet access during my presentation?" which presentation aid are they likely considering embedding into their presentation?

hyperlinks

Leah, a management consultant and "service evangelist," gives a speech about improving customer service at a corporate event. When the host of the event talks to the audience members after the speech, most people report that they felt the speech didn't really apply to them. This suggests that Leah failed to:

identify where her interest, the purpose of the event, and the audience's interest overlapped.

One situation in which personal experience is recommended to support claims in a speech is if:

the inclusion of the personal experience will help build rapport with the audience.

Misunderstanding happens when:

the intended message of the speaker and the message the listener actually receives do not align.

Mike plans to use an article he found on a company's website as a source for his speech. There is no author listed, and the article is not dated. In his oral citation for this source, he should include:

the name of the article and the company's website.

What time orientation is the focus of epideictic speeches?

the present

What is the MOST important presentation aid in a speech?

the speaker

In the speech introduction, which helps express to the audience the speaker's reason for speaking?

thesis statement- With the introduction, the audience learns both why the speaker is speaking, as expressed in the thesis statement, and how they will speak toward this purpose, through a preview of the main points.

Lataya is an aerospace engineer who plans to use the problem-solution organizational pattern to persuade her boss that they should change the wing design of their planes to fix the problem of limited speed. When should Lataya describe the different types of wing designs?

third- Typically with the problem-solution pattern, the third chunk of the speech advances a way to solve the problem. In this case, the solution is changing the wing design.

Calvin is an elected official giving a speech to his constituents. In his introduction, he makes sure to tell the audience that he understands and cares about the same issues they do. Why does Calvin include this in his speech?

to cultivate goodwill

Which type of speech is often given spontaneously without having to develop an outline beforehand?

toast

The way people use language and the words they choose help create the emotional character of their speech. In other words, they are part of:

tone

Which organizational pattern tends to pose challenges with transitions from one main point to another?

topical

A community widely accepts a belief. To this community, that shared belief represents what?

truth

Gael was talking to a friend about building a raised garden bed. The friend offered a number of suggestions. What is Gael MOST likely to recall about this conversation?

whether the information was helpful.

Devin has been asked to speak to a group of do-it-yourself beekeepers. Devin is very interested in bee behavior and why home beekeepers are needed, but he has no strong feelings about the process of beekeeping. His audience is interested in best practices for successful beekeeping and learning more about queen bees. Which topic is MOST likely to engage Devin's audience?

why bees leave the hive and how to prevent it.

Aristotle collected his remarks on style under the Greek term lexis, which directly translates to:

word

A speaker is giving a speech about the style of music created by classical composer Antonín Dvořák. What part of the speech would be BEST supported with an audio clip?

when discussing what his music sounds like

Jerrica is outlining the eulogy she plans to deliver at her sister's funeral. Which point should she NOT include?

"None of you could possibly understand what I'm feeling right now."

Which statement does NOT provide a statistic?

"The average homeowner lacks the skills to complete basic repairs in the home."

If a speaker is trying to tie their presentation aid together, they should use:

A limited number fonts

How does an example differ from a story?

A story is longer than an example and includes a beginning, middle, and end.

Which statement about persuasive speaking is correct?

All arguments made in persuasive speaking are appeals.

Lorna knows she will have to give a speech in her class next week. As part of the research step, she observes her classmates to get a sense of the number of male versus female students, how they dress, and what their average age is. What is Lorna engaged in?

Audience analysis, observation is an easy way to analyze an audience as part of the research step.

Oliver is giving a speech in an auditorium and knows he will have to use a microphone. He seeks out advice from his friend Chad. What advice should Chad give Oliver?

Be mindful of your visual aids if you walk around on stage.

According to Jean-luc Doumont, which person has the ideal number of main points in their speech?

Brena, who six points organized into three chunks.

Isabelle is giving a speech to high school students. Which topic would be MOST appealing to her audience?

Budgeting strategies for independence.

José is ready to create his speaking outline. What should he do?

Create a simplified version of his preparation outline that also includes memory aids for himself.

Which is an example of a spatial organization?

Describing a human psyche as an iceberg, moving up and down to various parts

Which adjective BEST describes examples?

Descriptive

Which guideline should speakers follow when using presentation aids?

Don't Face Away From The Audience

If a speaker finds a video clip from the Internet that they'd like to reference in their presentation and they have permission to use it, they should:

Download from the internet.

What does international gesture expert Jürgen Streeck say about gestures?

Gestures are just as significant to individuals' social world as speech.

Melvin has speech anxiety and gets consumed by the "what ifs" before giving a speech. For example, he worries that he will mess up, speak too fast, trip onstage, or any number of possibilities. In one of Melvin's current courses, he will be required to give multiple speeches over the semester. After the course is complete, how will Melvin's speech anxiety likely be affected?

He will likely have less anxiety about giving speeches. (Those who teach public speaking know that one way to reduce speaking anxiety is to practice speaking in public).

A speaker who describes an imaginary scenario as part of a speech is using which type of speech support?

Hypothetical example

Ken is giving a speech about growing herbs at home. He is following a temporal pattern for his speech and is now creating his basic speech outline. Which outline format would be appropriate for this speech?

I. Planting Your Herbs / A. Selecting a Space / B. Preparing the Soil / C. Planting

Sergio has been asked to give a speech about volunteering in the community. He's unsure if he should use formal or informal language, since the event is being held outdoors in a park and he thinks the audience will be a mix of people he knows and those he doesn't. Sergio asks his friend, Marshall, for advice. What advice should Marshall give?

If the audience will be dressed formally, use formal language.

Amelia is nervous about speaking with a microphone for the first time and asks a friend for advice. What advice should the friend give her?

If you have to clear your throat or burp, be sure to step away from the microphone.

Which statement about nonverbal communication is true?

It focuses on body language and elements such as vocalics, gesture, and facial expression.

How does tonework differ in high-context and low-context cultures?

It is more challenging in low-context cultures.

In which scenario would a speaker need to orally cite a source?

Jahnavi states that almost 37 percent of the animals at the zoo are currently threatened or endangered in the wild and that this number is increasing.

Jenna, an introvert, is nervous about participating in a group project. Her professor tells her, "Just pretend you are an extrovert and be full of energy." According to researchers, if Jenna follows her instructor's advice, what is MOST likely to happen?

Jenna will be perceived as an extrovert and will view the interaction as positive. The Wake Forest study suggests that just acting extroverted can improve the positive feelings of the speaker and the whole group and lead to more productive or successful interactions.

Each of these four people are trying to listen to a debate on television but are distracted by different things. Which person is distracted by internal noise?

Kai, who is concerned about not being able to pay the rent this month.

Sara is presenting the keynote address for her sorority's end-of-year banquet. Which is the MOST important thing Sara can do to make sure she presents a good keynote address?

Know how much time she has to speak.

Which is an example of a metaphor?

Love is a battlefield.

Which person is engaging in visualization?

Niall, who pictures himself in front of the class successfully giving a speech

Which person is taking an action to become a mindful speaker?

Nora, who is trying to become more aware of her dispositions.

Which person is observing the K.I.S.S. rule of informative speaking?

Olivia, who uses nontechnical language and avoids jargon

A speaker has six important points she wants people to remember from her speech. How can she help her audience remember all six points?

Organize the points into chunks.

What is the relationship between irony and sarcasm?

Sarcasm is a type of irony.

Charlotte gave an informative speech about bitcoin to an audience will little knowledge about the cryptocurrency. Although bitcoin is a real thing today, she spoke about it like it was a future event, believing this approach to be more creative. Her audience found the speech confusing and left feeling uninformed. What is likely the cause of this reaction?

She didn't understand the audience expectations related to informative speeches.

Caroline is a successful businessperson who grew up as upper middle class. She gave a speech to high school seniors at a school whose students live in low-income areas of the city. Caroline later received feedback that the audience was often disengaged and not listening. Which characteristic of her speech is MOST likely responsible for this?

She repeatedly used "us" and "we" when addressing the students.

Deisha wants to include some direct quotes in her speech. Where should Deisha include those quotes verbatim?

She should include them in both her preparation outline and her speaking outline.

Kalinda is trying to determine whether an article she found online is a reliable source for her speech about how chronic stress affects the immune system. In evaluating the source, she sees that the author is a medical doctor who specializes in disorders of the immune system. What can be concluded from this information?

The source is credible.

Which statement about deliberative speeches is true?

They were the most important speech form to Aristotle.

Mariana has to write an epideictic speech for her speech class. Which specific purpose statement is appropriate for this speech?

To praise the action taken by the Taurus Committee

Anya is having difficulty focusing on a lecture. Which action would help her reduce external noise?

Turning off her cellphone.

Carlos is leading an informal meeting with a small group of peer mentors. They are meeting in a private study room of the library. Based on the speech location, it is recommended that Carlos:

Use subtle hand motions.

A nonprofit organization has asked Michal, a martial arts instructor, to give a speech on self-defense. The organization told him he will be speaking to a group of about forty college women who want to feel more confident walking on campus at night. Which basic question should Michal ask himself to better define his topic?

What is the speaking situation?

Elbert is an expert in leadership and change management. He has been asked to speak about customer-employee relations at an event for small business owners in another city. Before the event, Elbert spends time getting familiar with the culture of the city and getting to know the businesses. What question is Elbert trying to answer?

What topics will be interesting and relevant to my audience?

Which is an example of impression management?

When former president George H. W. Bush was Ronald Reagan's vice president, he was perceived as being "wimpy." Image consultants worked with him, and by the time he was elected, he had changed his style to one that was forceful and masculine; This is an example of impression management, which is the way in which a person navigates their self-presentation in body and language.

Which type of speech is classified as a speech of recognition?

an acceptance speech

A person asks a friend to go to lunch with them. This is an example of:

an appeal

Which is a request made to another person with the intent of influencing them?

appeal

Speakers can use contextual reasoning to determine whether slides are:

appropriate

Mattias writes a letter of recommendation for a colleague, Nechama, noting that she would be an excellent employee because she is reliable and always on time. What is this an example of?

argument

Which is a reasoned claim, or series of claims, supported by evidence?

argument

Carlos is giving a speech to teachers who specialize in special education. The vast majority of these teachers are female, and they teach students who have a range of disabilities. It is important that Carlos take which step when preparing his speech?

ask the teachers what type of language they prefer.

Harry is preparing to give a speech at a fund-raising event. He believes that if people were to put themselves in the place of those he is seeking to help, they would better understand the need and make a donation. Which attention getter would help accomplish this?

asking the audience to imagine themselves in a specific scenario

Barry has been asked to give a speech. One of the first things he does is gather information about the likely attendees and their beliefs and values. He wants to be able to anticipate their reactions to his speech. What is this an example of?

audience analysis. Audience analysis is the process of studying an audience before, during, and after a speech.

There are several strategies for observing the K.I.S.S. rule, including not overestimating or underestimating the audience's knowledge and:

avoiding overly technical language and jargon.

Which action is always recommended to ensure accuracy in speaking?

avoiding vague language

Eloise is checking out the auditorium she will be presenting in. She realizes it is a rather large space. Given her speech location, it is recommended that she:

be more animated as a speaker. The bigger the space, the more animated the speaker will need to be. Eloise will have to gesture more, and depending on how large the space is, she may even have to exaggerate her facial expressions.

With a few exceptions, presentation aids should NOT:

be the focus of the presentation

Much like laugh tracks on sitcoms, presentation aids should:

be unobtrusive.

One benefit of using presentation aids is that they:

can increase audience understanding

Which type of speech is the most common in American culture?

celebratory speeches

Which is a form of unethical persuasion?

coercion

A rally speech is what type of speech?

commemorative

Speeches that include presentation aids are often more:

concise

Davis shares a draft of his speech with his professor. The speech topic is rather controversial and makes claims beyond the reach of common knowledge. Additionally, the speech is based on a single source. What advice is the professor likely to give to help Davis improve the credibility of his speech?

consult and reference more sources.

Raevynn wants to share images with her audience and plans to use PowerPoint to do so. This decision requires that she take what additional step?

consulting with the venue to determine whether the necessary technology will be available. The space in which a speaker is speaking determines the speaker's technology needs.

Which of the following is NOT a type of supporting material?

contextual judgments

Paulo is giving a speech about how to train dogs to sit and stay. After describing how to teach the sit command, Paulo says, "Next, you should focus on teaching the dog to stay." Which has Paulo used?

enumeration- concerns composing transitions for oral delivery and the creation of mental signposts, which are verbal indications of the direction the speech will take; many terms and phrases are handy for this purpose—for example, "first," "second," "third," "one," "two," "next," and "finally."

Madison is speaking about a candidate running for reelection. In her speech, she says, "We need more jobs, plain and simple. And the governor and the policies he has pushed while in office are the reason so many people in this community are out of work." How would the ancient Greeks classify this speech?

epideictic

The celebratory speech genre is MOST similar to:

epideictic speaking

Ingrid was born in Sweden. However, she moved to the United States as a child, speaks English fluently, and enjoys watching baseball in the summer. She views herself as an American. American would be considered Ingrid's:

ethnic identity. Ethnic identity refers to identification with particular groups or populations of a shared ancestry.

Eduardo thanks his audience for giving him the opportunity to speak. By thanking his audience, Eduardo is demonstrating what type of appeal?

ethos

An automotive retailer uses a popular celebrity in its new ad campaign. In one particular commercial, the celebrity—dressed in jeans, a leather jacket, and sunglasses—states that this particular vehicle has superior handling, is priced less than its competitors, and is a car for "winners." Which appeal does this commercial NOT use?

eunoia

Speakers use different types of definitions, including dictionary, etymological, functional/operational, and:

example

According to Aristotle, public speaking often concerns two things: informal logic and the use of:

examples

Jacob is giving a speech at a fund-raiser for a shelter for teens experiencing homelessness. He was a resident of the shelter when he was younger. Which type of support is NOT likely to be useful in this speech?

examples

Paulina periodically reviews videos of herself giving speeches to see how her gestures and expressions match up to her verbal message. Based on research, it would be expected that Paulina would:

experience reduced anxiety as a speaker.

Which presentation aid would BEST express the relationship between two sets of statistics?

graph

When giving a speech about challenges faced by adult learners, Orlando periodically refers to his notes. When he sees "C. Mindset—doubt," he begins to describe how mindset affects learning. What was Orlando referring to during his speech?

his speaking outline.

If a speaker is giving a political speech, they would likely focus on:

inducing change

A keynote address is a speech of:

inspiration

A sermon is a speech of:

inspiration

What is the speech topic if the speaker is talking about a current situation or problem?

issue

Speeches that include presentation aids are often:

lively

Drew tells his boss, "I would like an extra vacation day this year." He then waits for a response. What is Drew doing?

making an appeal

Elan says to his boss, "I have worked overtime for the past two weeks and filled in for others when they needed a day off. Because of this, I'd like to request an extra vacation day this year." This is an example of:

making an argument

Which action by an informative speaker is MOST likely to encourage and interest the audience?

making their speeches unique

Jennifer's father was born in Korea. Even though Jennifer does not speak Korean and has never been to Korea, she looks Korean. In this example, Korean would be considered Jennifer's:

race

Jamal is running for city council. In order to attract voters, which type of speech would be the MOST appropriate for him to deliver?

rally speech

Which is an example of a commemorative speech?

rally speech

Nate attended a seminar that discussed multiple strategies for managing anxiety. Although he was attentive throughout the seminar, the next day, he remembers the last two strategies presented but can't recall the first few strategies presented. What explains the discrepancy in his memory?

recency effect- The recency effect suggests that people are more likely to remember the last thing they heard.

The conclusion is a great place for the speaker to insert the things they want the audience to:

remember

Rhetorical critic Kenneth Burke concluded that people derive a sense of pleasure from reading or hearing things that are:

repeated

What must a speaker exercise in order to successfully and artfully break the rules of a genre?

respect

Literary critic and theorist I. A. Richards argued that this should be "the study of misunderstanding and its remedies."

rhetoric

In order to get citizens to take cover due to the threat of a severe storm, the weather person explains that the incoming storm could be life threatening. What suspicious emotional appeal is this?

scare tactics

Although the basic guidelines for using personal experience as speech support depends on the particular speaking context, in general, it is recommended that personal experience be used:

sparingly

What may be found in a preparation outline but not a speaking outline?

specific purpose statement

Which describes what the speech will accomplish, such as "to persuade the audience"?

speech purpose

Which category of speech typically celebrates a once-in-a-lifetime event?

speeches of praise or blame

Audience anticipation of an ending is a key factor with which organizational speech pattern?

temporal

In most parts of people's lives, the most common speech pattern is either spatial or:

temporal

Tony is presenting the keynote address at a writers' conference. When giving his speech, he should:

thank the individual or group hosting the event.

When a speaker uses visual or audio aids, audiences usually feel more engaged and tend to believe:

that they getting more information

Which sound is a person's brain MOST likely to filter out?

the constant hum of a fan

In her speech, Laura plans to use the problem-solution organizational pattern to discuss why people should invest in a UV phone sanitizer to clean their cell phones and prevent the spread of germs. What should Laura discuss first?

the fact that phones are infrequently cleaned and are often covered with germs.

Arthur mistakenly believed that he was speaking to a group of novices on the art of gardening during his informative speech, but the audience consisted of master gardeners. What has Arthur done?

underestimated the audience's knowledge

The more modes of sensory engagement stimulated with a speech, the greater the likelihood that the audience will:

understand the message

Julian gives a presentation at a company function intended to recognize employees who had reached milestone anniversaries. After the event, many employees report that they were confused about Julian's presentation and unsure how it related to the long-term employees. What could have helped Julian avoid making this mistake?

understanding the primary characteristic of the speech situation.

If a speech sounds like all the other speeches given on a particular topic, then the speech is NOT what?

unique

One way to engage audiences and help them retain information from a speech is to:

use a combination of audio and visual information.

Sarah is giving a speech at an art museum that is a black-tie event. Based on this, it is recommended that she:

use formal language in her speech.

Calvin has been trying to get a meeting with Bria for months. He wants to pitch her on his company's new product. He runs into her at a conference, and she agrees to hear him out, but she doesn't have time for a sit-down meeting. Instead, Calvin will have to present to her as they are walking. What should Calvin be sure to do when conducting this meeting?

use vivid metaphors to support his topic. Vivid metaphors are a great way to help someone remember main points.

Malik reads a magazine article at his doctor's office that talks about the effects of salt on heart disease. He becomes curious and wants to learn more. What action would help him do this?

using his smartphone to search for "salt and heart disease" on the Internet.

Seth's speech includes words that are sensuous and evocative. How would Seth's language be categorized?

vivid language

Early on in a speech, the audience feels a sense of rapport with the speaker. Based on this, we can conclude that the speaker:

was able to cultivate goodwill.