Unit 1 Progress Check (MCQ)

This biome is found in shallow waters off the coastline and is Earth's most biologically diverse marine biome. A Coral reefs B Freshwater wetlands C Open ocean D Rivers

A Coral reefs

Which of the following trophic levels represents a primary producer in an aquatic food chain? A Phytoplankton B Herbivorous zooplankton C Carnivorous zooplankton D Baleen whale

A Phytoplankton

Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest net primary productivity? A Desert B Tropical rain forest C Taiga D Savanna

B Tropical rain forest

Which of the following best describes a terrestrial ecosystem that will have the highest net primary productivity? A Warm temperatures, high rainfall, and consistent sunlight B Hot temperatures, low rainfall, and consistent sunlight C Cold temperatures, high rainfall, and inconsistent sunlight D Warm temperatures, low rainfall, and inconsistent sunlight

A Warm temperatures, high rainfall, and consistent sunlight

This rate of reaction can be measured in the dark by determining the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time. A Primary productivity B Gross primary productivity C Net primary productivity D Cellular respiration

D Cellular respiration

The total rate of photosynthesis in a given area. A Primary productivity B Gross primary productivity C Net primary productivity D Cellular respiration

B Gross primary productivity

Energy is transferred along food chains from one stage to the next. Which statement best explains how the energy is transferred? A If a primary consumer stores 100kcal100kcal of energy, then a secondary consumer that feeds on the primary consumer will also have 100kcal100kcal of energy available. B If a primary producer stores 10,000kcal10,000kcal of energy, then a tertiary consumer will have 10kcal10kcal of energy available. C If a primary producer stores 100,000kcal100,000kcal of energy, then a secondary consumer will have 10,000kcal10,000kcal of energy available. D If a secondary consumer stores 500kcal500kcal of energy, then a tertiary consumer that feeds on the secondary consumer will have 5,000kcal5,000kcal of energy available.

B If a primary producer stores 10,000kcal10,000kcal of energy, then a tertiary consumer will have 10kcal10kcal of energy available.

Six white-tailed deer and six sika deer were enclosed in a pasture for observation during an eight-year study in central Texas. White-tailed deer are a native species to central Texas, while sika deer are a nonnative species to central Texas. White-tailed deer feed on flowering plants and the tips of trees and shrubs but do not eat grass. Sika deer feed on flowering plants, the tips of trees and shrubs, and grass. All other grazing animals were kept out of the pasture during the study. The number of sika deer more than doubled after the eight years, while the population of white-tailed deer decreased by 50 percent. Which of the following statements best supports the results from the study? A The sika deer are generalists, while the white-tailed deer are specialists. B The sika deer out competed the white-tailed deer in consuming flowering plants and shrubs. C Parasites infected the sika deer population but did not infect the white-tailed deer population. D Change in the local climate reduced the availability of food resources for the white-tailed deer population.

B The sika deer out competed the white-tailed deer in consuming flowering plants and shrubs.

Farmers in a suburban coastal town started using no-till agriculture, a practice that reduces soil erosion from their farmland. Use the image above to determine which of the following long-term effects no-till agriculture will have on the ecosystem surrounding the farmland. A There will be an increased need for fertilizer on farmlands. B There will be less algal growth in the nearby ocean. C There will be less phosphorus pollution in the atmosphere. D There will be an increased deposition of phosphorus-rich sediments.

B There will be less algal growth in the nearby ocean.

Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest primary productivity per unit area? A Desert B Tropical rain forest C Boreal forest D Savanna

B Tropical rain forest

In reef ecosystems, corals often have microalgae living inside them. The algae supply the corals with nutrients, and the coral give shelter to the algae. Which of the following interactions best describes the relationship between the corals and the algae? A Competition B Predation C Mutualism D Parasitism

C Mutualism

This freshwater biome is characterized by fast-flowing water that can originate from underground springs or runoff, which carries sediment and organic material. A Coral reefs B Freshwater wetlands C Open ocean D Rivers

D Rivers

This biome contains a nutrient-rich environment created by falling leaves and trapped organic materials from the large trees, and it provides the ecosystem service of filtering pollutants from water. A Coral reefs B Freshwater wetlands C Open ocean D Rivers

B Freshwater wetlands

The energy available to consumers determined by subtracting the energy used by plants from the total energy transformed by the process of photosynthesis. A Primary productivity B Gross primary productivity C Net primary productivity D Cellular respiration

C Net primary productivity

Which of the following best describes the flow of energy in most terrestrial and near-surface marine ecosystems? A Decomposers break down dead or decaying organisms to release energy and nutrients to be used by producers. B Chemoautotrophs use inorganic energy sources, such as hydrogen sulfide, to create organic compounds from carbon dioxide. C Apex predators feed on other organisms, which releases heat that can be used by producers and primary consumers. D Producers use energy from the sun to make organic matter, such as sugars, from carbon dioxide and water and are then consumed by organisms higher in the food chain.

D Producers use energy from the sun to make organic matter, such as sugars, from carbon dioxide and water and are then consumed by organisms higher in the food chain.

A temperate grassland biome has a gross primary productivity of 3,480kilocalories/meter2/year3,480kilocalories/meter2/year and a net primary productivity of 2,000kilocalories/meter2/year2,000kilocalories/meter2/year. Which of the following is the approximate number of kilocalories/meter2/yearkilocalories/meter2/year available to herbivores in that biome? A 200kilocalories/meter2/year200kilocalories/meter2/year B 1,480kilocalories/meter2/year1,480kilocalories/meter2/year C 2,000kilocalories/meter2/year2,000kilocalories/meter2/year D 5,480kilocalories/meter2/year

A 200kilocalories/meter2/year

Which of the following describes the most likely change to terrestrial biomes resulting from warmer average global temperatures? A The global distribution of midlatitude biomes, such as grasslands and temperate rain forests, would increase. B Deciduous trees found in temperate seasonal forests would flower later in the year. C The latitude range of tropical rain forests would narrow closer to the equator. D High-latitude biomes, such as the tundra, would experience a decrease in net primary productivity.

A The global distribution of midlatitude biomes, such as grasslands and temperate rain forests, would increase.

Which of the following best describes an example of resource partitioning in an ecosystem? A Two different bird species feed from the same oak tree; one eats acorns, and the other eats insects in the bark. B A tick uses a white-tailed deer as its host, consuming the deer's blood as food. C Two individuals from the same population of barn owls hunt for the same species of mouse during the night. D A mason bee pollinates a variety of flowers in a botanical garden.

A Two different bird species feed from the same oak tree; one eats acorns, and the other eats insects in the bark.

The diagram below shows a model of the global movement of water in the hydrologic cycle. Based on the diagram, which of the following statements about the hydrologic cycle is true? A Water from the ocean evaporates and condenses in the atmosphere. B Surface runoff is the primary recharge of groundwater. C Infiltration of water into the ground prevents water from returning to the oceanic reservoir. D Evapotranspiration from plants decreases atmospheric water vapor.

A Water from the ocean evaporates and condenses in the atmosphere.