Public Speaking Final

5 Factors that increase the odds that your efforts at persuasion will succeed

1. Set modest goals and seek minor changes 2. Establish credibility 3. Make message relevant 4. Your opinion is moderately different 5. How changes will benefit audience

Generally, the introduction should be brief and no more than ________ percent of the speech body

10 to 15

Research indicates that audiences prefer speeches that contain ________ main points

2 to 5

The source qualifier is

A brief description of the source's qualifications to address the topic

Which of the following should NOT be used to effectively introduce or conclude a speech?

A citation of the sources you used in your research

In her speech about friendship, Cassandra opened by stating, "As C.S. Lewis once said, 'Friendship is born at that moment when one person says to another: What! You too? I thought I was the only one."" Cassandra began her introduction by using:

A quotation

When citing a source,

Alternate phases introducing citations to help maintain a natural delivery

The purpose of a speech introduction is to

Arouse the audience's attention and motivate the audience to accept the speaker's goals

The first challenge faces by the speaker in the introduction of the speech is to win the audience's

Attention

Our general evaluations of people, ideas, objects, or events are our

Attitudes

To help your audience follow your speech do all of the following EXCEPT

Avoid organizational patterns

In the following statement, which type of supporting material is being referenced? "In Stephanie Meyer's Twilight series, the star-crossed lovers, Edward and Bella, make an unusual pair..."

Book

To discuss a topic in terms of its underlying causes, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

Causal

To describe a series of developments in time or a set of actions that occur sequentially, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

Chronological

Why is eye contact critical to effective delivery?

Connect with audience

Which of the following is a Greek word meaning character?

Ethos

An informative speaker might

Explain to listeners the new services available at the student center

Listening distractions are

External and internal

Construction noise or competing conversations are examples of

External distractions

All blogs and social news sites should be considered reputable speech sources

F

An informative speech marks a special occasion, such as a wedding, funeral, or dinner event

F

As long as your speech topic interests you, it will interest the audience

F

Athenians routinely spoke publicly about personal quarrels in the Agora to be more active citizens

F

Developing public speaking skills discourages civic engagement

F

Facts are findings, eyewitness accounts, or opinions from professionals trained to evaluate a given topic

F

Having a positive attitude toward speechmaking results in a raised heart rate during the delivery of a speech

F

If a speech topic is assigned you, you are not accountable for tailoring it to suit the audience and speech situation

F

In stress-control breathing, more movement is felt in the throat than the chest

F

Speeches that try to change core values about highly charged topics tend to be successful

F

Stage one of stress-control breathing involves using a calming word in a mantra

F

Statistics always add precision to speech claims, even if the speaker does not understand them

F

Surveys are more useful than interviews for obtaining primary source material

F

The specific purpose of a speech is the same as the general purpose

F

There are no tired or overused topics if the speaker is good

F

Thinking of public speaking as a threat to a personal growth can be part of positive thinking about public speaking

F

Visualization is not an effective technique to reduce speaker nervousness

F

Wikipedia links are already verified as accurate and can be cited in speeches without further investigation

F

You should always try to stand perfectly still behind a podium and not walk around

F

The __________ Amendment assures protection to both honest and dishonest speakers

First

Audiences find it easiest to remember the

First and last points made

When practicing delivering a speech, a speaker should be concerned with which two elements?

Focus on the message Plan ahead and practice

Active listening is

Focused and purposeful

What are some limitations on the use of presentation aids?

Give a speech, not a slideshow

Under what circumstances should the speaker begin by showing the topic's relevance to the audience, and then relate the topic to ideas and experiences about which the audience holds a positive attitude?

If the topic of the speech is new to their listeners

Listeners rarely pay attention to

Information that is unrelated to their interests

Which of the following outlines permits the greatest degree of eye contact?

Key-word

With sufficient practice, which of the following outlines will help the speaker deliver his or her ideas more naturally?

Key-word

The body of a speech consists of

Main points, supporting points, and transitions

Values are

Our most enduring judgments about what is good and bad in life

Speeches about _______ address the impact of individuals and groups on society

People

Hate speech is offensive communication that is most often directed against

People's racial, ethnic, religious, gender, or other characteristics

Which of the following outlines uses partial construction of the sentences form of each point?

Phrase

To demonstrate the nature and significance of a problem and provide justification for a proposed solution, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

Problem-solution

What are some functions of visual aids?

Promotes interest Process and retain Saves time

Research reveals that people place their greatest trust in speakers who exhibit all of the following EXCEPT

Regular use of emotional appeals

The conclusion of the speech should

Restate the purpose

Paying attention to information that is important to us, being interested in information that touches our own experiences and backgrounds, and sorting and filtering new information based on what we already know are key elements of

Selective perception

An effective information speech shows listeners

Something they didn't previously know

To support a major point effectively, the speaker should offer all of the following EXCEPT

Sources without source qualifiers

To explain the physical arrangement of a place, a scene, or an object, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

Spatial

To establish a feeling or identification with the audience

Stress your commonalities

Facts, statistics, testimonies, and narratives are all examples of

Supporting material

A speaker should always refer back to the thesis statement to stay on track in proving the speech's central idea

T

A speaker's movement serves to relieve tension and helps to hold the audience's attention

T

A thesis statement is a sentence that concisely communicates what the speech is about

T

After the interview, you should offer to send the interviewee the results of the interview

T

Brainstorming is a topic-generating technique that can be done through word association or topic mapping

T

Communication skills are one of the top job skills sought by most employers

T

Encyclopedias, almanacs, and atlases are examples of reference works

T

Gaining confidence in public speaking comes through preparation and practice

T

Imagining your speech as a conversation can help you relax about public speaking

T

In Western societies, most people require some type of evidence before they will accept a speaker's position or claims

T

Lay testimony is given by non experts (such as eyewitnesses)

T

Speaking effectively can enhance your career professionally, personally, and academically

T

Testimony comprises firsthand findings, eyewitness accounts, and opinions

T

The practice of oratory, or rhetoric, emerged full force in Greece in the fifth century

T

The specific purpose of a speech is a single phrase stating precisely what you want the audience to learn or do as a result of your speech

T

When you feel stressed, the center of your breathing tends to move from the abdomen to the upper chest, leaving you with a reduced supply of air

T

An ethical speaker is conscious of _______ values

The audience's

What is persuasive speaking? Give an everyday example of persuasion.

The goal is to influence the attitudes, beliefs, values, or acts of others Advertisements

The specific citation elements that need to be mentioned in a speech depend on

The type of source

The goal of informative speaking is

To increase audience understanding and awareness.

To have the freedom to move points around according to the way the speaker wishes to present his or her topic, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

Topical

What are the 7 elements of vocal delivery?

Volume Pitch Pause Vocal variety Rate Pronunciation Articulation

Which of the following outlines is used for organizing and firming up main points?

Working

Which of the following outlines should be prepared in a full-sentence format?

Working

An audience-centered approach means

You consider your audience in every phase of the speech preparation process