Pysch Exam #2

Which individual was asked by the French government to create an assessment tool - an intelligence test, of sorts - that would be used to identify schoolchildren who would be more likely to have difficulty in school?

Alfred Binet

If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?

Amygdala

Which dimension of the Type A behavior pattern is most predictive of heart disease?

Anger/Hostility

The famous case of H.M. demonstrated ________ amnesia, a condition in which a person can remember previously encoded memories but cannot encode new ones

Anterograde

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor

Chronic

Elena finds it very difficult to remember a long string of numbers, so she tries to memorize three numbers at a time. Later, she is able to repeat the numbers correctly because she grouped the numbers into more manageable groups of three. This is an example of ________.

Chunking

Stanley was diagnosed with lymphoma and had to undergo several months of chemotherapy. During this time he would become very nauseated as a side effect, and unintentionally came to associate that nausea with his favorite grilled cheese sandwich. Now, years later, even thinking about a grilled cheese sandwich makes him sick. In this example, Stanley's nauseous reaction to a grilled cheese sandwich is the ________.

Conditioned response

The formulation of new memories is sometimes called ________, and the process of bringing up old memories is called ________.

Construction; Reconstruction

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces?

Coping

Kai cuts her foot while hiking. She forgot to pack bandages, but she has a tube of superglue and uses that to seal the wound. Kai's ability to invent a solution uses the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.

Creative

What was the most stressful event found on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale with a LCU score of 100?

Death of a spouse

Rudy is amazing in all of his school classes, except math. He struggles to understand basic arithmetic concepts, confuses mathematical symbols like "+" and "=", and gets very frustrated and upset at the thought of doing math homework. Rudy has a normal level of cognitive functioning in other areas, and reads and writes with ease. Rudy's parents may want to have him evaluated to see if he suffers from ________.

Dyscalculia

What type of memories do we consciously try to remember, recall, and report?

Explicit memories

Molly attempts to condition her puppy to greet her when she enters the house. She repeatedly pairs her entry to the house with a treat for the puppy. The puppy eventually acquires this ability, and Molly realizes how irritating it is for the puppy to run up to her every time she enters the house. She attempts to make the puppy stop, and eventually the puppy no longer feels motivated to greet her when she enters the house. The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________. learning acquisition

Extinction

The type of intelligence that involves seeing complex relationships and solving problems is ________ intelligence.

FLuid

Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response.

Fight-or-Flight

The process by which one's physiological defense system becomes less efficient at fighting illness is called ________ and this process is enhanced by elevated stress levels.

Immunosuppression

From a cognitive psychology perspective, why is getting plenty of sleep the night before an exam important?

It allows for consolidation of studied material in long-term memory

Which option is the most valid criticism of Watson and Rayner's work with "little Albert"?

It would be. unethical by today's research standard

Which option is the greatest risk factor for the development of burnout?

Job Strain

In Pavlov's classical conditioning, the term conditioned is approximately synonymous with the word ________.

Learned

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

Learning

Which pair of individuals is most likely to have the highest similarity in their IQ scores?

Marcus and Maria are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families

What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time?

Memory

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________.

Neutral stimulus and unconditioned stimulus

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

Physiological

"Each person is born with a genetic potential to reach a certain level of potential, but whether or not they accomplish that level depends on their environments and experiences." This is the foundation of the ________ model.

Range of Direction

What did the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggest about intelligence? The findings from this study ________.

Revealed a genetic component to intelligence

What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?

Sensory

You begin to salivate when you smell your favorite cake in the oven, but not when you smell the gross scent of a dirty diaper. This is an example of ________.

Stimulus generalization

Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells "the man with the blue shirt did it." Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in flowered dress. This is an example of ________, or the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories.

Suggestibility

According to three separate surveys, administered in 1983, 2006, and 2009, which statement about the relationship between stress and sex is the most accurate?

Women report experiencing more stress than men.

which of the following is an example of instinct?

a baby turning its head to suckle when its cheek is stroked

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of ________ learning.

associative

What is the Flynn effect?

observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation

When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, because you are comparing the information in front of you to that which is already stored in your long-term memory.

recognition

Which of the following is an example of a reflex?

the pupil of your eye contracting in the presence of bright light

An intelligence score that falls below ________ indicates significant cognitive delays, and may be indicative of an intellectual disability.

70

What kind of professional would be most qualified to administer an intelligence test?

A professional and trained in psychology

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it _________

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart