QBANK CH. 4

13) Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing are known as A) neuroepithelia. B) psychoepithelia. C) neuropsychoepithelia. D) multilaminar epithelia. E) protective epithelia.

a

16) Close examination of a healthy organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells lines the cavity of the organ. This tissue is a type of A) epithelium. B) muscle tissue. C) connective tissue. D) neural tissue. E) fat tissue.

a

18) Transitional epithelium is found A) lining the urinary bladder. B) lining the ducts that drain sweat glands. C) lining kidney tubules. D) lining the stomach. E) at the surface of the skin.

a

2) The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is A) epithelial tissue. B) connective tissue. C) muscle tissue. D) basal tissue. E) apical tissue.

a

20) You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the A) trachea. B) urinary bladder. C) secretory portions of the pancreas. D) surface of the skin. E) stomach.

a

24) The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as A) simple squamous. B) stratified squamous. C) simple cuboidal. D) stratified cuboidal. E) transitional.

a

25) Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are A) endocrine glands. B) interstitial glands. C) exocrine glands. D) merocrine glands. E) holocrine glands.

a

33) Watery perspiration is an example of a(n) ________ secretion. A) merocrine B) apocrine C) holocrine D) serous E) mucous

a

44) The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is A) collagen. B) elastin. C) actin. D) myosin. E) connectin.

a

46) The three categories of connective tissues are A) connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues. B) epithelial, muscle, and neural tissues. C) glandular, exocrine, and endocrine. D) connective tissue proper, cartilages, and bone. E) areolar, adipose, and dense tissues.

a

50) What type of cell makes up almost half the volume of blood? A) erythrocyte B) leukocyte C) platelet D) monocyte E) phagocyte

a

55) White fat is found in ________, while brown fat is found in ________. A) adults; infants B) infants; adults C) adolescents; adults D) men; women E) women; men

a

57) Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways, except A) provide strong connections between muscles and bones. B) supporting epithelia. C) anchoring blood vessels and nerves. D) storing triacylglycerols. E) filling spaces between organs.

a

65) Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous A) perichondrium. B) lacunae. C) periosteum. D) canaliculi. E) matrix.

a

69) Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body? A) mucous B) serous C) cutaneous D) synovial E) pleural

a

7) A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n) A) occluding junction. B) gap junction. C) intermediate junction. D) desmosome. E) All of the answers are correct.

a

72) Adhesions between abdominopelvic organs occur when A) serous membranes are damaged. B) synovial membranes are damaged. C) muscle is damaged. D) nerve cells are damaged. E) mucous membranes are damaged.

a

77) Myosatellite cells are found in association with A) skeletal muscle. B) smooth muscle. C) cardiac muscle. D) involuntary muscle. E) both smooth and cardiac muscle.

a

12) A layer of glycoproteins that prevents leakage of materials from connective tissues into epithelia is the A) integral proteins. B) lamina lucida. C) matrix. D) lamina densa. E) ground substance.

b

22) Cells that are flat and thin are classified as A) columnar. B) squamous. C) blasts. D) transitional. E) cuboidal.

b

23) Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the A) kidneys. B) heart and blood vessels. C) urinary bladder. D) mouth. E) large intestine.

b

30) Secretions through a duct might provide ________, whereas ductless secretions act as ________. A) lubrication; lubricators B) enzymes; hormones C) transport media; physical protectors D) superficial relief; interstitial fluid E) odors; alarms

b

37) A gland formed by cells arranged in a blind pocket with a single unbranched duct would be called A) simple tubular. B) simple alveolar. C) compound tubular. D) compound alveolar. E) tubuloalveolar.

b

41) The sticky material between cells of areolar connective tissue is called the A) cytosol. B) ground substance. C) cytoplasm. D) crista. E) gel matrix.

b

51) Wharton's jelly is a form of A) Marfan's syndrome. B) mucous connective tissue. C) ground substance. D) collagen fibers. E) embryonic epithelium.

b

52) Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen? A) adipocytes B) fibroblasts C) macrophage D) mast cell E) lymphocyte

b

56) Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are A) fibroblasts. B) macrophages. C) adipocytes. D) mast cells. E) melanocytes.

b

60) The most common type of cartilage is ________ cartilage. A) ligamentous B) hyaline C) elastic D) fibrous E) osseous

b

62) Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of A) epithelial tissue. B) cartilage. C) areolar tissue. D) elastic connective tissue. E) adipose tissue.

b

63) Which type of connective tissue is found in the trachea and between the ribs and sternum? A) areolar B) hyaline cartilage C) elastic D) fibrous E) dense regular

b

64) A tissue with a gel matrix and cells inside lacunae is A) areolar connective tissue. B) cartilage. C) bone. D) epithelium. E) dense regular connective tissue.

b

71) The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the A) pleura. B) peritoneum. C) pericardium. D) periosteum. E) perichondrium.

b

74) The framework of connective tissue between the skin and underlying muscles is called the A) dermis. B) superficial fascia. C) deep fascia. D) subcutaneous layer. E) subserous fascia.

b

78) Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of A) smooth muscle tissue. B) cardiac muscle tissue. C) skeletal muscle tissue. D) all types of muscle tissue. E) nerve tissue.

b

80) Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue. A) connective B) neural C) areolar D) osseous E) epithelial

b

84) Tissue changes with age include all of the following, except A) less efficient tissue maintenance. B) proliferation of epidermal cells. C) thinner epithelia. D) more fragile connective tissues. E) decreased ability to repair tissue damage.

b

1) Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories? A) muscle tissue B) neural tissue C) osseous tissue D) connective tissue E) epithelial tissue

c

10) Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by A) keratin. B) interfacial canals. C) a basal lamina. D) a reticular lamina. E) proteoglycan.

c

11) Which tissue lines the small intestine and the stomach? A) simple squamous epithelium B) simple cuboidal epithelium C) simple columnar epithelium D) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium E) stratified squamous epithelium

c

17) Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes. The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels. The tissue is most likely ________ tissue. A) muscle B) neural C) epithelial D) connective E) adipose

c

21) Glands that secrete their product by the bursting of cells are A) apocrine glands. B) sudoriferous glands. C) holocrine glands. D) endocrine glands. E) merocrine glands.

c

27) The epithelium that forms air sacs in the lungs is A) stratified squamous epithelium. B) simple cuboidal epithelium. C) simple squamous epithelium. D) transitional epithelium. E) simple columnar epithelium.

c

36) Unicellular exocrine glands secrete A) milk. B) sweat. C) mucus. D) sebum. E) insulin.

c

39) Which cell produces the protein fibers in areolar connective tissue? A) squamous cell B) adipocyte C) fibroblast D) chondroblast E) chondrocyte

c

4) The junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the A) desmosome. B) hemidesmosome. C) gap junction. D) tight junction. E) zonula adherens.

c

42) Cells that store fat are called A) cellulocytes. B) macrocytes. C) adipocytes. D) podocytes. E) melanocytes.

c

47) Two classes of macrophages include A) mesenchymal cells and melanocytes. B) mast cells and basophils. C) fixed macrophages and free macrophages. D) neutrophils and eosinophils. E) microphages and adipocytes.

c

49) Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are A) tendons. B) ligaments. C) dense irregular connective tissues. D) reticular tissues. E) areolar tissue.

c

53) ________ attach skeletal muscles to bones, and ________ connect one bone to another. A) Ligaments; tendons B) Ligaments; aponeuroses C) Tendons; ligaments D) Aponeuroses; tendons E) Reticular tissues; tendons

c

58) Antibodies are produced by A) macrophages. B) microphages. C) plasmocytes. D) mast cells. E) fibroblasts.

c

6) Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have ________ at their free surface. A) mitochondria B) cilia C) microvilli D) junctional complexes E) Golgi complexes

c

67) Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue? A) fluid connective tissue B) dense connective tissue C) supporting connective tissue D) loose connective tissue E) adipose tissue

c

68) Unlike cartilage, bone A) is a connective tissue. B) has a matrix that contains collagen. C) is highly vascular. D) has an outer covering. E) has cells within lacunae.

c

70) The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of A) cutaneous membranes. B) mucous membranes. C) serous membranes. D) synovial membranes. E) the lamina propria.

c

75) Which of these refers to the dense connective tissue that surrounds a muscle and blends with the tendon? A) superficial fascia B) hypodermis C) deep fascia D) subserous fascia E) subcutaneous layer

c

79) The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle. A) skeletal B) cardiac C) smooth D) voluntary E) multinucleated

c

83) The permanent replacement of normal tissue by fibrous tissue is called A) inflammation. B) apoptosis. C) fibrosis. D) cystosis. E) necrosis.

c

9) Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for A) contraction. B) conduction. C) secretion. D) circulation. E) support.

c

14) Germinative cells A) start in the superficial layers of epithelial tissue. B) cannot divide. C) make up most of the epithelial type of tissue. D) divide continually to produce new epithelial cells. E) cannot function in the repair of epithelial tissue.

d

26) The two major types of cell layering in epithelia are A) simple and proper. B) stratified and pseudostratified. C) squamous and simple. D) simple and stratified. E) cuboidal and columnar.

d

28) The function of simple cuboidal epithelium is A) support. B) protection. C) phagocytosis. D) absorption and secretion. E) storage.

d

32) Cells that are specialized for secretion A) have a free surface that is flat. B) have a small nucleus. C) are usually squamous. D) exhibit polarity. E) are found only in the digestive system.

d

34) Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false? A) They afford little mechanical protection. B) They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs. C) They line internal compartments and passageways. D) They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress. E) They are avascular.

d

35) The pancreas produces ________ secretions. A) serous B) mucous C) merocrine D) exocrine and endocrine E) secretory

d

38) Which of the following tissues are classified as "connective tissue proper"? 1. areolar connective tissue 2. adipose tissue 3. fibrocartilage 4. dense irregular connective tissue A) 3 and 4 B) 1, 2, and 3 C) 1 and 2 D) 1, 2, and 4 E) 1 and 3

d

43) The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue. A) loose connective B) regular dense connective C) irregular dense connective D) reticular connective E) adipose

d

45) Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue, except A) tendons. B) ligaments. C) aponeuroses. D) areolar tissue. E) elastic tissue.

d

48) Two types of microphages include A) mesenchymal cells and melanocytes. B) mast cells and basophils. C) fixed macrophages and free macrophages. D) neutrophils and eosinophils. E) microphages and adipocytes.

d

54) The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are A) tendons, ligaments, and elastic ligaments. B) loose, dense, and irregular. C) cartilage, bone, and collagen. D) collagen, reticular, and elastic. E) polar, cellular, and permeable.

d

59) Cells that respond to injury by dividing to assist in connective tissue repair are A) mast cells. B) fibroblasts. C) plasmocytes. D) mesenchymal stem cells. E) lymphocytes.

d

61) Osseous tissue is also called A) cartilage. B) fat. C) cellulite. D) bone. E) ligament.

d

66) Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to A) blood. B) epithelium. C) fat. D) bone. E) neural tissue.

d

73) Microscopic examination of a tissue reveals a loose framework of fibers embedded in a large volume of fluid ground substance and adipocytes and mast cells fibers. This tissue would most likely have come from the A) inner wall of a blood vessel. B) lungs. C) spleen. D) superficial fascia between skin and muscle. E) bony socket of the eye.

d

8) Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments. Such strong intercellular connections are called A) gap junctions. B) intermediate junctions. C) tight junctions. D) desmosomes. E) junctional complexes.

d

81) All of the following are true of neurons, except that A) when mature, they lose the ability to divide. B) they conduct a nervous impulse. C) they are composed of a soma and axon. D) they are a very specialized form of connective tissue. E) they are separated from one another by synapses.

d

82) During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is the least likely in the region of the injury? A) increase in basophils B) increase in histamine C) increase in blood flow D) cold, pale skin E) swelling

d

15) In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant? A) tight junctions B) basolateral junctions C) gap junctions D) hemidesmosomes E) desmosomes

e

19) The heart and blood vessels are lined by A) pseudostratified columnar epithelium. B) transitional epithelium. C) simple cuboidal epithelium. D) simple columnar epithelium. E) simple squamous epithelium.

e

29) The study of cells shed from epithelial surfaces, often for diagnostic purposes, is termed A) histology. B) physiology. C) anatomy. D) embryology. E) exfoliative cytology.

e

3) Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except A) attachment. B) avascularity. C) regeneration. D) polarity. E) extracellular matrix.

e

31) The Pap test for cervical cancer utilizes A) histology. B) physiology. C) anatomy. D) embryology. E) exfoliative cytology.

e

40) Blood is which type of tissue? A) mesenchyme B) nerve C) epithelial D) muscle E) connective

e

5) Functions of epithelia include all of the following, except A) providing physical protection. B) controlling permeability. C) absorption. D) producing specialized secretions. E) supporting muscle cells.

e

76) Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ________ tissue. A) loose connective B) dense connective C) epithelial D) nerve E) muscle

e