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Masseter Muscle

Action-Elevates mandible Origin- Zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone Insertion- Mandibular angle and ramus

Nasalis muscle

Action-Flares nostrils Origin-Maxilla Insertion-Cartilage of the nose

Occipitalis Muscle

Action-Pulls scalp Origin- Occipital and temporal bones Insertion-Epicranial aponeurosis

Mentalis muscle

Action-Wrinkles the chin Origin-Mandible below incisors Insertion-Skin of chin

Temporalis muscle

Action- Closes jaw Origin- Temporal bone Insertion- Coronoid process of mandible

Orbicularis Oris Muscle

Action- Closes lips Origin-Muscle fibers of other muscles associated with the lips Insertion- Muscle and skin at angles of the mouth

Rectus abdominus muscle

Action- Compress abdomen Origin- Pubis crest Insertion- Xiphoid process

External oblique muscle

Action- Compresses abdomen Origin- Anterior surface of ribs 5-12 Insertion- Iliac crest

Internal oblique muscle

Action- Compresses abdomen Origin- Iliac crest Insertion- Linea alba

Transversus abdominus muscle

Action- Compresses abdomen Origin- Iliac crest Insertion- Linea alba

Levator ani muscle

Action- Constricts lower rectum (and vagina in females) Origin- body of pubis Insertion- Pubic crest

Sternohyoid muscle

Action- Depresses larynx Origin- Manubrium medial end of clavicle Insertion- Lower margin of hyoid bone

Internal intercostal mm

Action- Draws ribs together to depress rib cage Origin- Superior border of rib below Insertion- Inferior border of rib above

Pectoralis minor muscle

Action- Draws scapula forward Origin- Anterior surface of ribs 3-5 Insertion- Coracoid process of scapula

Mylohyoid Muscle

Action- Elevates hyoid bone Origin- Medial surface of mandible Insertion- Hyoid bone

Scalene MM

Action- Elevates ribs 1-2, Flex/ rotate neck Origin- Spinous processes of cervical vertebrae Insertion- Anterolaterally on ribs 1-2

Levator scapulae muscle

Action- Elevates, adducts scapula Origin- Transverse process of C1-C4 Insertion- Medial border of scapula

Erector Spinae mm

Action- Extend and bend the vertebral column laterally Origin- Lliac crest, transverse processes of CTL vertebrae Insertion- Ribs, Transverse process of CTL vertebrae (6 segments above origin)

Semispinalis Capitus muscle

Action- Extend neck and vertebral column (Bilateral), Rotation toward opposite side (Unilateral ) Origin- Transverse process of C7-T12 Insertion- Occipital bone, spinous processes of C1-T4

Semispinalis Thoracis Muscle

Action- Extend neck and vertebral column (Bilateral), Rotation toward opposite side (Unilateral) Origin- Transverse process of C7-T12 Insertion- Occipital bone, spinous process of C1-T4

Trapezius muscle

Action- Extends neck Origin- Occipital bone Insertion- Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Teres major muscle

Action- Extends/medially/ rotates/ adducts arm Origin- Inferior angle of scapula Insertion- Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Action- Flection of the neck (bilateral), rotate head towards shoulders on opposite side (unilateral) Origin- Manubrium of sternum Insertion- Mastoid process of temporal bone, Superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Digastric Muscle

Action- Open mouth Origin- Lower margin of mandible Insertion- Hyoid bone

Latissimus dorsi muscle

Action- Prime mover of arm extension Origin- lliac crest Insertion- Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Pectoralis major muscle

Action- Prime mover of arm flexion Origin- Clavicle Insertion- Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Diaphragm muscle

Action- Prime mover of inspiration Origin- Inferior border of sternum Insertion- Central tendon

Deltoid muscle

Action- Prime mover or arm abduction Origin- Lateral 1/3 of clavicle Insertion- Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Serratus anterior muscle

Action- Prime mover to protract scapula Origin- Lateral aspect of ribs 1-8 Insertion- Medial border of scapula

External intercostal muscle

Action- Pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage Origin- Inferior border of rib above Insertion- Superior border of rib below

Frontalis Muscle

Action- Raises eyebrows Origin-Epircranial aponeurosis Insertion-skin of eyebrows

Rhomboid major muscle

Action- Retract scapula Origin- Spinous processes of C7-T5 Insertion- Medial border of scapula

Rhomboid minor muscle

Action- Retract scapula Origin- Spinous processes of C7-T5 Insertion- Medial border of scapula

Teres minor muscle

Action- Stabilizes shoulder Origin- Lateral border of scapula Insertion- Greater tubercule of humerus

Subscapularis muscle

Action- Stabilizes shoulder Origin- Subscapular fossa of scapula Insertion- lesser tubercule of humerus

infraspinatus muscle

Action- Stabilizes shoulder Origin- infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion- Greater tubercule of humerus

Supraspinatus muscle

Action- stabilizes the shoulder Origin- Supraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion- Greater tubercule of humerus

Orbicularis oculi muscle

Action-Closes eyes Origin-Frontal and maxillary bones Insertion-Tissue of eyelids

Buccinator Muscle

Action-Compresses cheek Origin-Molar region of maxilla Insertion-Orbicularis oris muscle


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