Quiz 15 euro

In eastern Europe between 1500 and 1650, the growth of commercial agriculture was accompanied by the A)growth of a class of small landowners. B)consolidation of serfdom. C)establishment of an independent peasantry. D)establishment of many privileged towns as market centers.

B

How did Frederick William of Prussia, the Great Elector, persuade the Junker nobility to accept taxation without consent in order to fund the army? A)He confirmed the Junkers' privileges, including their authority over the serfs. B)He permitted the Junkers to seize church lands as compensation. C)He threatened the Junkers with military attack. D)He offered the Junkers the exclusive right to sit in the royal councils.

A

Why did the English government arrive at a crisis situation by 1640? A)Charles I imposed unwelcome laws and reforms on the country. B)Charles I married a Presbyterian princess. C)James I frequently lectured the House of Commons about his divine authority. D)Charles I sought to impose the Scottish religion on England.

A

How did Cardinal Richelieu increase the power of the centralized French state? A)He reorganized the French economy according to mercantilist policies. B)He encouraged Louis XIII to establish an elaborate palace and ground at Versailles. C)He extended the use of intendants, commissioners for each of France's thirty-two districts. D)He concentrated on repairing and expanding the country's infrastructure, building new roads and canals.

C

Political power in the Dutch Republic was A)held by the central government. B)controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy businessmen. C)held by the stadholder and his royal courtiers. D)exercised by a democratically elected States-General.

B

The Glorious Revolution and the concept of representative government found their best defense in the Second Treatise of Civil Government by A)Thomas Hobbes. B)John Locke. C)Peter Paul Rubens. D)Jean Racine

B

The Junkers were A)Dutch merchants who made up the oligarchy that controlled the government of the Netherlands. B)Prussian nobles who reluctantly worked with Frederick William to consolidate the Prussian state. C)Members of the janissary corps who filled the posts of the Ottoman bureaucracy and military. D)Russian administrators who accepted the westernization policies of Peter the Great.

B

What was the outcome of the heightened central control established by absolutist and constitutional governments? A)Reduced taxation B)Growth in armed forces C)Smaller and less expensive bureaucracies D)The abolition of the nobility

B

Cardinal Jules Mazarin's struggle to increase royal revenues to meet the cost of war led to the uprisings of 1648-1653, known as the A)Jacquerie. B)Vendée. C)Fronde. D)Levée en Masse.

C

How did Frederick William I, king of Prussia, sustain agricultural production while dramatically expanding the size of his army? A)He required women to work in the fields when their husbands served in the military. B)He purchased African slaves to sustain agricultural production while Prussian men trained for the military. C)He ordered all Prussian men to undergo military training, after which they could return home and serve as army reservists. D)He required monks, priests, and other clerics to perform agricultural work when needed by local nobles.

C

The guiding force behind Cardinal Richelieu's domestic policies was A)reform of the church. B)a belief in decentralization. C)the subordination of all institutions to the monarchy. D)the sovereignty of the people.

C

Which of the following characterizes the English Revolution of 1688? A)The revolution restored the monarchy after the disastrous era of Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate. B)The revolution secured equal rights for all Christians, including Catholics. C)The revolution did not constitute a democratic revolution since sovereignty was placed in the Parliament, which only represented the upper classes. D)The revolution marked the emergence of democratic politics, with the establishment of natural rights and the defense of private property.

C

How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European history? A)German lands were finally unified under the German emperor. B)Religious toleration was adopted throughout the Holy Roman Empire. C)Central Europe emerged as an economic powerhouse. D)Large-scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end.

D

The Baroque style flourished in the context of the A)Commercial Revolution. B)Scientific Revolution. C)Protestant Reformation. D)Catholic Reformation.

D

The following is an excerpt from Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet's Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Holy Scripture (Thinking Like a Historian): "It appears from all this that the person of the king is sacred, and that to attack him in any way is sacrilege. God has the kings anointed by his prophets with the holy unction in like manner as he has bishops and altars anointed. But even without the external application in thus being anointed, they are by their very office the representatives of the divine majesty deputed by Providence for the execution of his purposes." Based on this passage, with which of the following statements would Bossuet most likely agree? A)Kings derive their power from the people. B)Kings and bishops have equal authority. C)Kings derive their power from the church. D)Kings are God's representatives on earth.

D

The following is an excerpt from the Louis XIV's Memoir for the Instruction of the Dauphin (Thinking Like a Historian). In it, he offers advice to his son about kingship: "For however it be held as a maxim that in every thing a Prince should employ the most mild measures and first, and that it is more to his advantage to govern his subjects by persuasive than coercive means, it is nevertheless certain that whenever he meets with impediments or rebellion, the interest of his crown and the welfare of his people demand that he should cause himself to be indispensably obeyed; for it must be acknowledged there is nothing can so securely establish the happiness and tranquility of a country as the perfect combination of all authority in the single person of the Sovereign." Based on this passage, what did Louis XIV see as the ultimate goal of the absolute monarch? A)To secure the necessary resources to wage war B)To add to his own personal wealth and power C)To make his nation the most powerful on earth D)To bring peace and happiness to his nation

D