quiz 17 ap2

List and explain the steps of hemostasis.

1. Vascular spasm: vasoconstriction to minimize blood loss 2. Platelet plug formation: platelets clump together to form plug, stabilize by von Willebrand factor 3. Coagulation: reinforces plug with fibrin threads

How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin?

4

A patient with type A positive blood can, in theory, safely donate blood to someone with __________ blood.

A positive or AB positive

Why are pregnant Rh- women given an injection of Rh immune globulin?

Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-D antibodies.

A person is blood typed. There was no agglutination in the A well, there was agglutination in the B well, and agglutination in the Rh well. What antigens are present? What antibodies are present? What is the person's blood type?

Antigens: B & D Antibodies: A Type: B+

Which cells aid in the body's defense processes by secreting histamine and heparin?

Basophils

Which is going to result in significant agglutination?

Donor is type AB, recipient is type B

The hormone released in response to hypoxia from the kidneys is _______________.

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A person with an extremely high count of neutrophils is likely suffering ___________.

a bacterial infection

Which are characteristics of type O blood? a: Has anti-A antibodies b: Has anti-B antibodies c: Has surface antigen O on its erythrocytes d: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes

a, b, e

Which leukocytes are granulocytes? a: Neutrophils b: Eosinophils c: Lymphocytes d: Monocytes e: Basophils f: Erythrocytes

a, b, e

Which blood component primarily contributes to plasma osmotic pressure?

albumin

The attraction of leukocytes to a site of infection due to the presence of molecules released by damaged cells, dead cells, or invading pathogens is called

chemotaxis

During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to

collagen with the assistance of von Willebrand factor.

If a patient becomes dehydrated, the percentage of plasma in a centrifuged sample of his or her blood would likely

decrease

The main function of leukocytes is to

defend against pathogens

Which body activity would be most affected if a patient lacked an adequate number of erythrocytes (anemia)?

oxygen transport

The "buffy coat" in a centrifuged blood sample is composed of

platelets and leukocytes

If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

the wrong blood type was used

Most strokes and heart attacks are caused by the abnormal clotting of blood in an unbroken vessel. Moreover, a piece of the __________ (clot) may break loose and begin to travel in the bloodstream as a(n) __________.

thrombus; embolus