quiz 17 ap2
List and explain the steps of hemostasis.
1. Vascular spasm: vasoconstriction to minimize blood loss 2. Platelet plug formation: platelets clump together to form plug, stabilize by von Willebrand factor 3. Coagulation: reinforces plug with fibrin threads
How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin?
4
A patient with type A positive blood can, in theory, safely donate blood to someone with __________ blood.
A positive or AB positive
Why are pregnant Rh- women given an injection of Rh immune globulin?
Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-D antibodies.
A person is blood typed. There was no agglutination in the A well, there was agglutination in the B well, and agglutination in the Rh well. What antigens are present? What antibodies are present? What is the person's blood type?
Antigens: B & D Antibodies: A Type: B+
Which cells aid in the body's defense processes by secreting histamine and heparin?
Basophils
Which is going to result in significant agglutination?
Donor is type AB, recipient is type B
The hormone released in response to hypoxia from the kidneys is _______________.
Erythropoietin (EPO)
A person with an extremely high count of neutrophils is likely suffering ___________.
a bacterial infection
Which are characteristics of type O blood? a: Has anti-A antibodies b: Has anti-B antibodies c: Has surface antigen O on its erythrocytes d: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes
a, b, e
Which leukocytes are granulocytes? a: Neutrophils b: Eosinophils c: Lymphocytes d: Monocytes e: Basophils f: Erythrocytes
a, b, e
Which blood component primarily contributes to plasma osmotic pressure?
albumin
The attraction of leukocytes to a site of infection due to the presence of molecules released by damaged cells, dead cells, or invading pathogens is called
chemotaxis
During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to
collagen with the assistance of von Willebrand factor.
If a patient becomes dehydrated, the percentage of plasma in a centrifuged sample of his or her blood would likely
decrease
The main function of leukocytes is to
defend against pathogens
Which body activity would be most affected if a patient lacked an adequate number of erythrocytes (anemia)?
oxygen transport
The "buffy coat" in a centrifuged blood sample is composed of
platelets and leukocytes
If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate
the wrong blood type was used
Most strokes and heart attacks are caused by the abnormal clotting of blood in an unbroken vessel. Moreover, a piece of the __________ (clot) may break loose and begin to travel in the bloodstream as a(n) __________.
thrombus; embolus
