Quiz #2 Cardiovascular System and circulation

Which of the following is most likely to occur in the arteriovenous shuts present in the blood vessels of the finger tips and toes? a. Colder temperatures will result in vasoconstriciton in the arteriovenous shuts. b. Warmer temperatures will result in vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shuts. c. Exercise will result in vasoconctriction in the arteriovenous shuts. d. colder temperatures will result in vasodilation in the arteriovenous shuts.

a. Colder temperatures will result in vasoconstriciton in the arteriovenous shuts.

Which of the events below does NOT occur when the semilunar valves are open? a. Ventricles are in diastole b. Blood enters pulmonary arteries and the aorta. c. AV valves are closed d. Ventricles are in systole

a. Ventricles are in diastole

Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes ______ a. a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output. b. a rise in blood pressure due to change in cardiac output. c. no change in blood pressure but a slower heart rate d. no change in blood pressure but a change in respiration

a. a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output.

Which of the following would not promote re-absorption from the venous end of the capillary bed? a. increasing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid. b. increasing solute concentration in the plasma of the circulating blood c. decreasing hydrostatic pressure of the blood d. reducing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid.

a. increasing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid.

In general it is expected ____________ a. osmotic pressure will remain relatively consistent throughout the capillary bed. b. osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end c. osmotic pressure will be higher in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end. d. hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed

a. osmotic pressure will remain relatively consistent throughout the capillary bed.

To auscultate the aortic semilunar valve, you would place your stethoscope in the _____________. a. second intercostal space to the right of the sternum. b. second intercostal space to the left of the sternum. c. fifth intercostal space inferior to the left nipple. d. fifth right intercostal space.

a. second intercostal space to the right of the sternum.

Which of the following best describes the benefit of the vasomotion process? a. It allow for rapid increase in blood flow to vital organs during flight or flight response. b. It provides a balance between adequate perfusion to all of the tissues while maintaining blood's pressure c. It lowers blood's pressure by reducing the distribution of blood flow to all of the tissues in the capillary bed. d. It decreases hydrostatic pressure while also increasing osmotic pressure to enhance re-absorption.

b. It provides a balance between adequate perfusion to all of the tissues while maintaining blood's pressure

The condition where fluid compresses the heart and limits its ability to contract is called ____________. a. pericarditis b. cardiac tamponade c. myocardial infarction d. angina pectoris

b. cardiac tamponade

Normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events? a. excitation of the sinoatrial (SA) node b. closure of the heart valves c. friction of blood against the chamber walls d. opening of the heart valves

b. closure of the heart valves

In general it is expected ___________________ a. hydrostatic pressure will rise as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed. b. hydrostatic pressure will drop as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed. c. hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed. d. osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end

b. hydrostatic pressure will drop as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed.

Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the __________ a. right atrium b. left atrium c. right ventricle d. left ventricle

b. left atrium

Which of the following chemicals effects blood pressure for both the short and long term? a. aldosterone b. atrial natriuretic peptide c. angiotensin II d. nitric acid

c. angiotensin II

Which of the following would not promote filtration from the arteriole end of the capillary bed? a. increasing blood pressure b. relaxing precapillary sphincters c. increasing plasma protein concentration d. reducing hydrostatic pressure within the interstitial fluid

c. increasing plasma protein concentration

The left ventricle wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to ______ a. accommodate a greater volume of blood b. expand the thoracic cage during diastole c. pump blood with greater pressure. d. pump blood through a smaller valve.

c. pump blood with greater pressure.

Which of the following would have the least influence on blood pressure? a. cardiac output b. peripheral resistance c. white blood cell count d. blood volume

c. white blood cell count

The velocity and pressure of blood is slowest and lowest in the capillary beds. Which of the following is not an accurate description of the benefits of slow, low pressure blood in the capillary beds? a. Lower pressure reduces the chance of injury to delicate capillary vessels. b. slower blood flow through capillaries allows more time for diffusion to take place in the capillary bed. c. lower pressure on the venus end of the capillary bed allows fro greater re-absorption of fluid back to the plasma. d. Lower pressure in the capillary bed helps to increase pressure in the venus circulation.

d. Lower pressure in the capillary bed helps to increase pressure in the venus circulation.

Which of the following statements is not true of the precapillary sphincters? a. they allow blood to bypass the true capillaries that are fed by the metarteriole. b. they regulate the flow of blood to tissues served by the true capillaries. c. they increase or decrease rates of perfusion to the tissues served by the true capillaries. d. They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel.

d. They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel.

The term for pain associated with deficient blood delivery to the heart that may be caused by the transient spasm of coronary arteries is ___________. a. ischemia b. pericarditis c. myocardial infarct d. angina pectoris

d. angina pectoris

The P wave of a normal electrocardiogram indicates __________. a. ventricular repoloarization b. ventricular depolarization c. atrial repolarization d. atrial depolarization

d. atrial depolarization

Damage to the _____ causes heart block. a. sinoatrial (SA) node b. atrioventricular (AV)valves c. antrioventricular (AV) bundle d. atrioventricular (AV) node

d. atrioventricular (AV) node