Quiz 2 Music 101 Loyola Chp: 4,5

Which of the following were among the forms of entertainment enjoyed by the poor and working classes?

gambling, hunting

Which of the following works of art were used to express the power and glory of the Catholic Church?

he Conversion of St. Paul, by Caravaggio Peasant Family, by Louis Le Nain

Which of the following are musical differences between "Flow My Tears" and "When I Am Laid in Earth"? check all that apply

secular text texture

Music piece played

Answer: Leonin

What is a major difference in the way the two pieces are meant to be performed?

"Flow My Tears" is a stand-alone piece, whereas "When I Am Laid in Earth" is part of an opera.

Hilde something song la la la la la al

"O pastor animarum", monophonic sacred song, most likely sung by nuns in a convent

Music piece played

"Viderunt omnes" by Leonin

Which date range best represents the Renaissance period in music?

1450 to 1600

What are the approximate beginning and ending dates of the Renaissance?

1450-1600

Listen again to "Ave Maria" by Josquin des Prez, and answer the following questions.

-4 voice parts to the composition. -Soprano, alto, tenor, bass -the notes speed up - The Trinity, and it also signifies purity - Praise of Mary - Homophonic texture gives the feeling that the singers are unified in asking that Mary remember them. -There are no instruments accompanying the voices. -The music sounds gentle, flowing, and describes the praise stated in the text.

Complete the statements below about baroque opera. One term will not be used.

-In baroque opera, the singer was often accompanied by harmonies played by a combination of instruments. This accompaniment was called the basso continuo. -The libretto is a text upon which a composer bases the music and plot of an opera. -Contrasting with the recitative, which featured a vocal style combining singing and speech, the aria was sung in a lyrical style that emphasized melody and vocal expressiveness. -The ground bass is an instrumental accompaniment characterized by a continuously repeating low melody. -Greatly influenced by Greek drama, opera was created in Florence, Italy, by a group of scholars and musicians who called themselves the camerata.

ORganum

-Music that owers much of its innovation to leonin.... -the earliest polyphonic musical works

Motet

-a form of polyhonic music in which... -polyphonic music that often had voice parts....

Medieval secular music

-music that had vernacular language.. -music that was performed by poet musicians called troubadors...

Listen again to "Viderunt omnes" ("All Have Seen"), beginning section by Léonin, and answer the following questions.

1.An organum is an early polyphonic work, and this example has two parts or melodies at the same time 2. Because the number three represented the Trinity and triple meter flows in three-beat patterns 3.Listeners in medieval times would have been accustomed to the old non-metric chant style, and that style supports the comfort of their past religious experiences. 4. The text is easier to follow at the ending when there is only one melody sung at the same time. 5.The text was central to the service and had to remain the most important part of the service. 6. It has a serious, religious mood that well represents medieval attitudes toward Christianity.

How long was a typical workday for a member of the working class during the baroque period?

16 hours

In approximately what year did the baroque period begin?

1600

Opera emerged in Italy around what time?

1600

The technique of imitation was very popular in Renaissance music for introductions. Listen to each clip below and categorize it as either imitation or not imitation.

1st one: imitation When listening for imitative counterpoint, you should be able to clearly hear the same melody repeated in various voices; it almost sounds like an echo.

FARMER, Fair Phyllis English Madrigal 1599

4-Voice English Madrigal, Duple meter, polyphonic. Secular; people sang this music in social settings in aristocratic English homes

What are the approximate beginning and ending dates of the medieval period?

476-1450

Music Clip: Which musical elements are not contrasted in this excerpt?

A Latin text and an Italian text

Which of the following is an example of word painting?

A madrigal in which the melody ascends on the word heaven

What is the difference between a whole consort of musical instruments and a mixed consort of musical instruments?

A whole consort consists only of musical instruments in the same family. A mixed consort includes musical instruments from different families.

Which of the following best represents the binary form that "When I Am Laid in Earth" uses?

AABB

Which of the following statements about monody is not true?

Ancient Greek actors were the first to sing in the monodic style.

Greek legends or Roman history were usually used as stories upon which to base baroque operas. Why?

Because stories of contemporary life and events were not considered important enough for opera.

Which of the following statements is true of Bernini's sculpture David Slaying Goliath?

Bernini captures David in the very moment he is slinging a stone at the giant who has challenged the Jews.

Which of the following is not true about church modes?

Church modes are entirely different from the major and minor scales used today.

If a composer wanted to increase the polyphony of "Agnus Dei," which of the following changes should he/she make to achieve the best effect?

Give the lower two voices more independent melodic lines.

Which compositional technique does "When I Am Laid in Earth" use that "Flow My Tears" does not?

Ground bass

who is the composer of this work?

Guillaume de Machaut

In which of the following ways does "Agnus Dei" differ from "Dies irae"? Check all that apply

Harmonic approach and instrumentation

Who composed Dido and Aeneas?

Henry Purcell

Listen to "Dies irae" and "Agnus Dei" and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Notice how both pieces are meant to be used in church services but are very different musically, especially in their approach to texture.

How do the two pieces differ in the way that they set their respective texts to music? "Agnus Dei" sets more musical notes to each syllable of text than "Dies irae."

Imagine that you are a Renaissance composer. Each statement below represents something that you want to convey musically. Choose the musical style that you would most likely use to attain your musical goal.

Instrumental: write a composition for a dance, write an original composition for the flute, write incidental music for a theatrical production Motet: write a polyphonic religious..., write a olyphonic piece performed a capella, Madrigal: write a polyphonic work that includes word painting, write a song based on..., write a song about your beloved

Which of the following statements about the motet is true?

It grew out of the two-part organa of the thirteenth century.

Check all the ways that the text from "Kyrie" differs from that of "Ave Maria."

It is in Greek, not Latin. It is from the Ordinary section of the Mass. It is simple, not dense.

Which of the following is true of Gregorian chant?

It is likely named after Pope Gregory I, who served as pope from 590 to 604, and who ordered the simplification and cataloging of church music.

Which of the following statements about medieval secular music is not true?

It was sung in church.

Jean-Baptiste Lully headed the group that created and supported a distinctive style of French opera. Where was Lully born?

Italy

Who was one of the most influential composers of the early Renaissance?

Josquin des Prez

Which of the following is not a keyboard instrument?

Lute

DOWLAND, Flow My Tears Late sixteenth century

Lute song, Strophic, Homophonic, Duple meter,

Which of the following are the primary accompanying instruments in "Flow My Tears" and "When I Am Laid in Earth" (respectively)?

Lute; strings

Which composers are most associated with early polyphonic music called organa (singular: organum)?

Léonin and Pérotin

Which of the following people were leaders of the Protestant Reformation? Check all that apply.

Martin Luther John Calvin

To which genre does this music belong?

Mass

Identify each item as a characteristic of the Renaissance motet or madrigal. Some characteristics may be true of both.

Motet: sung in latin, religious text, sung for religious purposes, mostly polyphonic, written for a small choir madrigal: sung in the vernacular, usually about sentimental love, sung at social gatherings, melody written to represent..., elaborate mixtures.., written for a small choir

JOSQUIN, Ave Maria (Hail, Mary; 1470s)

Musical events: Polyphonic texture with much imitation 4 Voice Motet, Polyphonic and homophonic, duple and triple, sacred music

Tu se' morta" ("You Are Dead") from Act Two of Orfeo by Claudio Monteverdi

Nonmetric recitative Short introduction and continued accompaniment with long-held chords on organ and arpeggiated chords on the bass lute; rhythm of the voice is quite free and emotional, homophonic

During medieval times, there was a definite difference between sacred and secular music. Listen to the clips below and categorize each as either sacred or secular.

Sacred: Secular:

The liturgy of the Mass is divided into two parts, which are called the

Ordinary and the Proper.

Which composer's work is most closely associated with the reforms from the Council of Trent (1545 to 1563)?

Palestrina

Which of the following outcomes resulted from the invention of the printing press? Check all that apply.

Performers could make a good living by providing music or dance instruction to members of wealthy families. The average person could learn to read and play music.

PALESTRINA, Kyrie Pope Marcellus Mass (1562-1563) (1562-1563)

Polyphonic mass movement, SATTBB, Duple meter Musical events: Tenors begin and are soon followed by sopranos and then other voices

"Agnus Dei" makes use of two musical techniques that "Dies irae" does not. These two techniques were defining developments in the formation of Western classical music. What are they?

Polyphony and measured rhythm

PURCELL, "Thy Hand, Belinda" and "When I Am Laid in Earth" from Act Three .

Recitative free form; aria binary form (AABB) The music is accompanied by both a ground bass and a basso continuo.

What is the meaning of the term "Franco-Flemish" as it applies to Renaissance music?

Renaissance music that began in northern France, Holland, and Belgium.

PRAETORIUS, Three Dances from Terpsichore (1612)

SATB (soprano, alto, tenor, bass) recorders, lute, and tambourine. Dance music, polyphonic, duple

Berenguier de Palou- song in French with piano

Tant m'abelis", texture is homophonic.

Which of the following statements is not true about Machaut's Messe de Nostre Dame?

The Messe de Nostre Dame contained less ornamentation and contrary motion than had been common in earlier masses.

Why is the medieval period also referred to as the Middle Ages?

The Middle Ages refers to the period that occurred between the fall of the Roman Empire and the birth of the modern world.

Which statement about the Renaissance madrigal is false?

The Renaissance madrigal is often sung in Latin.

What invention of the medieval period makes it possible for us to study its music, whereas the musical traditions of earlier civilizations are practically unknown to us?

The further development of musical notation

Although these two pieces are very different, there are some similarities between them. Indicate all aspects below that are common to both works.

Use of church modes Clarity of the text over the music designated to be performed in a cathedral

Which statement is false about agnus Dei

The music uses both French and Latin texts.

Which is false about Tant Ma'Abelis?

The music was reserved for sacred medieval rituals.

Which of the following is not true?

The rhythm of chants is strict.

Listen again to "Thy Hand, Belinda" and "When I Am Laid in Earth" by Purcell, and answer the following questions.

The singer is depressed enough to die and asks Belinda for comfort. The singer is about to die and asks that she be remembered without sadness. Yes, the music is slow, gentle, and comforting. Yes, because the slow, constantly repeating, descending bass line adds a feeling of sadness to the accompaniment. Therobo and bowed strings AABB They are slow, sad, and sung by a woman who is soon to die.

Music Clip: Which statement is true?

The texture of the excerpt is polyphonic

How does "Kyrie" achieve a more flowing rhythmic quality than "Ave Maria"?

The use of polyphony obscures a regular sense of meter.

Which of the following statements is not true in regard to the Reformation?

Though they disagreed with the Roman Catholic Church on matters of interpretation, Protestants still saw themselves as subject to papal authority.

What would Renaissance composers occasionally do that composers from the medieval period would have thought inappropriate?

Use a secular tune as one of the voices in their religious compositions

Which of the following statements regarding recitative is not true?

When vocal recitative is accompanied by basso continuo in addition to other instruments, it is called secco recitative.

Balletts, simplified versions of madrigals, were characterized by

a fa-la-la refrain.

Figured bass is

a type of musical shorthand that is written under or beside the bass line.

Gregorian Chant

also called plainsong, this music uses latin texts.... music that uses church modes to create undulating...

Hildegard of Bingen was

an accomplished female composer

Which of the following were among the life choices available to women during the medieval period?

arranged marriage, devoting life to church

Listen to the beginning of each piece and notice how each vocal range (high, middle, and low) is introduced. Place in order the entrances of the voices (first entrance at top, last entrance at bottom). "Ave Maria" "Kyrie"

ave maria: high, middle, low, Kyrie: middle, high low

Many melodies from the early German lieder were eventually used for

chorale sacred songs in the Lutheran Church.

Agnus Dei

composed by anonymous, best described as monophonic plainchant.

Many medieval secular songs were strophic in form, which means that

each verse of text was sung to the same melody.

Which one of the following musical techniques occurs more often in "Ave Maria" than in "Kyrie"?

homophony

When a single syllable of text is spread over several notes in a chant, that section of the chant is considered to be

melismatic.

If you were the composer of both pieces, a major difference in notating "Agnus Dei" would be the use of ___________.

mensural notation

Which of the following is not Renaissance secular vocal music?

motet

Which of the following were NOT among the acceptable venues for women to perform songs, plays, or poems?

only acceptable place: home

Gregorian chant is also known as

plainchant

Palestrina is best known for

returning church music to the simplicity and purity of earlier times.

Caravaggio's painting The Conversion of St. Paul

shows stark contrasts between light and dark, in keeping with baroque style.

Being able to play or sing music from notation rather than from memory is a skill called

sight singing

Camerata is Italian for

society of friends

One difference between the two pieces is that "Flow My Tears" is in _______ form, whereas "When I Am Laid in Earth" is in binary form.

strophic

Who were responsible for the copying of music notation, and therefore also for its preservation?

the monks in monastaries

What is a libretto?

the text of an opera

Western classical music often uses musical devices to symbolize extra-musical ideas. Which of the following would be a good way for a composer to symbolize the Holy Trinity?

use of triple meter