Quiz 2: Research Methods

Difference between bibliography and literature review

(A) lists the sources separately, followed by short descriptions. (B) analyses all the sources together, examining the relationship between them.

Margins should be:

1 inch

What best describes the rightness or wrongness of plagiarism?

Always wrong because it is theft and fraud

Why is it insufficient to cite sources for your work through a bibliography alone?

Because by so doing you fail to indicate the exact source(s) of each specific passage. A bibliography is only the list of sources consulted while researching your paper. So if all you do is to include a bibliography (or a Works Cited, or References page) at the end of your essay, you are really not giving credit for the separate items of information in your text and would still be guilty of plagiarism. In fact, if you merely list the sources of your information, you hide the exact source of your information with the literary equivalent of smoke and mirrors; indeed, you may even appear to suggest that some of those ideas in the paper were your own when they were the intellectual property of the original writer.

Say you found two papers about the same research: Paper A is the original finding; Paper B is an analysis that references Paper A. You use a section of the analysis from Paper B. Which paper do you cite?

Both Paper B in this situation is called a "secondary source." Secondary sources should be used as sparingly as possible, and mostly in situations where the original source is inaccessible. In your citation, you will reference Paper A, followed by "as cited in Paper B," providing proper attribution to both sources. However, if you only use information from Paper A, then you only need to cite that source.

Spacing for everything should be:

Double

What is a hanging indent? And where do we use it?

Every line must be indented except the first line. Reference sheet

It is acceptable to copy-and-paste a sentence written by someone else into your paper and simply add quotation marks around it.

False To show proper attribution, a writer must put quotation marks around the quoted passage and add a corresponding reference in MLA, APA, or any other format that is accepted. Just adding quotation marks around a paragraph is NOT enough.

You are unable to work out the calculations for your lab report but you know what the correct answer should be. Since your report is due, you take one of your numbers from an old lab report so that you can arrive at the correct answer. Is this considered to be plagiarism?

Having your own over-riding argument and thesis, being analytical, and presenting your own interpretations of the evidence. Integrating quotes and ideas into the text so that they fit in with your own words in a seamless web, and varying the way you introduce your references to the original sources. That way the citations will not be so intrusive. (a) is correct because the ideas and quotations from other sources should serve to flesh out and support the main argument or thesis of your paper, which is your own creation. So your own opinion or theory about the subject should be the driving force of your paper, and the references should be subordinate to this argument, brought in to give the evidence to defend your case. (c) is also correct in that it identifies the way you can avoid having a paper where references are too obtrusive and seem overwhelming.

It is ok to quote someone directly in my paper as long as I:

Put quotation marks around the quote and add the in-text notation and Put a full citation for the original in my references list

examples of padding:

Including in your bibliography sources that you did not consult but know would be relevant to the topic of your research paper. Listing the titles of complete works as separate entries in your bibliography when you actually used a single volume made up of excerpts from those works. Including in your bibliography sources that you did not consult directly, but that were referred to in several of the books or articles that you did consult.

Which of the following is not an example of "padding" a bibliography?

Including in your bibliography works that you consulted but to which you made no direct or indirect reference or use of in your research paper. Since a bibliography is a list of all the works used when doing your research, it might, therefore, quite legitimately include works that you did not specifically cite in the text of your paper, but which were helpful to you as background studies. This term is more often used in the arts and social sciences than in the sciences, which would probably conclude a research paper with "References," or "Works Cited" pages. These last two formats list only the works actually cited in the paper.

Starts with theory and moves to hypothesis then observation

Quantitative research

Theory

What is a good starting point for your research?

Plagerism Mistakes

Need to give citation information/cite sources Same sentence without quotations Changing or substituting direct works(not the same as paraphrasing) Use quotation marks to show original work

Which of the following requires proper citation? When I include my own ideas that are unique to the paper I am writing. When I refer to my own papers that I have previously written.

Option A does NOT require citation since it is a case where one is writing ideas that are original. Since these ideas are being introduced for the first time in that work, and no where else, there is no other source to cite. Option B requires citation. Passing off some of your previous writing as original, without citing the original work, is often called self-plagiarism, or duplication. A writer has the responsibility to indicate whether or not the material has been used before, particularly within scholarly or professional publishing.

Which of the following requires proper citation? When using information from crowd-sourced sources, like Wikipedia, because they are in the public domain. When using information that is considered common knowledge or widely accessible (for example: most of the Earth's surface is water)

Option A requires citation. Social sites still need to be cited or referenced, even if they are in the public domain and created by many people. If you take an idea or text from an outside source, you should properly cite it, no matter where it comes from. (Also, many instructors do not consider Wikipedia to be a reputable source, so do your research!) Option B does not require citation because there is no need to cite common knowledge. The Purdue Online Writing Lab says that information can be considered common knowledge if it is "undocumented in at least five credible sources," if it is something that readers within a group or discipline are likely to understand, and if it is contained in a general reference source.

Which of the following is not an example of plagiarism?

Providing the full source for a quotation

To paraphrase properly, you need to:

Summarize the text in your own words and cite it.

For a class assignment that students are to complete individually, Student A and Student B decide to collaborate. Student A compiles research notes while Student B identifies the main findings. Both write their own original research papers, and neither cite the other's work. Is this:

This is an example of both unethical collaboration and plagiarism. Individual assignments do not involve collaboration unless authorized by the instructor. A question that any writer should ask him or herself is: "Am I trying to pass off others' work and taking credit for it as my own?" This situation becomes clear in that respect. Chi and Juan are passing off the research, the ideas and main findings as their own individual original work without providing attribution to the other.

True or False: You are in a hurry and to submit your paper on time, and to avoid a late penalty, you copy/paste large portions of text from the internet, but you do cite author and date thoroughly throughout the work. This work is plagiarism.

True Copying large amounts of text is inappropriate since quotes are to be used sparingly. Second, even though you cite author and date thoroughly, page and paragraph numbers must be included as well.

You are guilty of plagiarism if you:

Use the work of another and misrepresent it as your own. You are deliberately trying to suggest that the clever idea or wording was your own creation, which is a lie, and, of course, plagiarism.

Drawing information or content from the work of another without acknowledging the source by citing a reference is considered to be plagiarism in all of the following cases except

Using information from the author's work that is regarded as common knowledge in the discipline. It is not necessary to cite information that is common knowledge. One of the ways to judge if something is common knowledge is to ask yourself if anyone in the field would know this information or if no-one would argue against it. For example, it is common knowledge that Pierre Trudeau was Prime Minister of Canada in the 1970's, so you would not have to cite that information. However, if you wanted to say that until the energy crisis beginning in 1973, with its attendant inflation, he had continued the old economic policies of the Liberal governments that had gone before him - then you would need to cite your source.

Information provided in your essay must be referenced in all of the following cases except:

When the information describes common knowledge. Information considered to be common knowledge within a field is not referenced. This will vary to some extent from discipline to discipline, but we can say in general that facts that could be found in a general reference book or first-year survey texts need not be referenced. Interpretations commonly held and accepted may not require acknowledgment. Check with your professor when in doubt.

Paraphrasing too closely to the original text, even if you do credit the source, is still considered as plagiarism because

You have failed to indicate, by means of direct quotation marks, which are the exact words of the original. The rule is that whenever you use more than three consecutive words of an original text you must put them within quotation marks. Failure to do so is plagiarism.

parallel verb structures

if the gerund form (ing form) of a verb is used after one verb, all the listed verbs also take the gerund form. For example: NOT: Mother could not persuade me that giving is as much a joy as to receive. YES: Mother could not persuade me that giving is as much a joy as receiving.

fewer refers to:

individual things

fewer verse less

less milk fewer cookies

less refers to

mass of something

If you forget to cite a source in your paper, that is still plagiarism.

true

In-text citations and reference list must match exactly!

true

method

what is the best way to research your topic or interest?