Quiz 4 - Chapter 3

Katarina meets a young man who has long hair, saggy pants, multiple facial piercings, and many tattoos. Katarina applies a schema from her past experience and immediately categorizes this young man as __________. Engineering student Intellectual Fraternity brother Party boy

Party boy

__________ refer(s) to the way people select, interpret, remember, and use social information to make judgments and decisions about themselves and others. Counterfactual thinking Decision rules Social cognition Schemas

Schemas

Based on information from the authors of your text, what is one possible explanation as to why girls and boys perform about the same in math in elementary school while a gender gap appears around puberty? Estrogen impairs cognition. Peer pressure becomes more important to girls. Self-fulfilling prophecies seem to occur. Testosterone impairs cognition.

Self-fulfilling prophecies seem to occur.

Parents seldom spend a lot of time explaining to their children how to ride a bicycle. Instead, they often get a bike with training wheels and let the children learn for themselves how to ride a bike. This is because our understanding about how to ride a bicycle is based on __________. controlled thinking that can only be learned by experience personal experience that is not likely to be believed by the child automatic thinking, which is difficult to describe to someone else intuition, which is difficult to express in language that a child can understand

automatic thinking, which is difficult to describe to someone else

Recall the words of Dr. Robert Marion, who was the first physician to correctly diagnose a nine-year-old girl with a rare disease: "Doctors are just like everyone else. We go to the movies, watch TV, read newspapers and novels. If we happen to see a patient who has symptoms of a rare disease that was featured on the previous night's 'Movie of the Week,' we're more likely to consider that condition when making a diagnosis." In essence, Dr. Marion is describing the __________ heuristic. representativeness availability counterfactual primacy

availability