Quiz 6-Ch. 36, 37, 38, 40, 41

What finding should prompt further diagnostic testing in a child presenting with diarrhea?

Blood and mucus in the stools

Rupture of esophageal varices is a complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and carries a high _____ rate.

Mortality

Which response to an injection of ACTH indicates a primary adrenal insufficiency?

No change in serum glucocorticoid level

Growth hormone-deficient infants would display

Normal birth length and weight

A patient admitted with bleeding related to esophageal varices could be expected to receive a continuous intravenous infusion of

Octreotide acetate

Elevated serum lipase and amylase levels are indicative of

Pancreatitis

A tumor which results in excessive production and release of catecholamines is

Pheochromocytoma

In type 1 diabetes, respiratory compensation may occur through a process of

Respiratory alkalosis

An urgent surgical consult is indicated for the patient with acute abdominal pain and

absent bowel sounds

Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of

appendicitis

Chronic pancreatitis may lead to

diabetes mellitus

Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of

gastric ulcer

The most common causes of prehepatic jaundice are ______ and ineffective erythropoiesis.

hemolysis

Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with

inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods

A type of insulin that would be most appropriate for acute management of hyperglycemia is

regular

Diabetes insipidus is a condition that

results from inadequate ADH secretion

It is true that growth hormone excess in adults

results in the condition of acromegaly

Clinical manifestations of Graves disease may include

tremor

What clinical finding would suggest an esophageal cause of a client's report of dysphagia?

Chest pain during meals

An increased urine bilirubin is associated with

Hepatitis

What form of viral hepatitis is likely to be transmitted sexually ?

Hepatitis B

A patient with pancreatitis may experience muscle cramps secondary to

Hypocalcemia

A laboratory finding that would help confirm the diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism is

Hypokalemia

The finding of hypotension, rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds in a patient with pancreatitis

Indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock

The underlying pathogenic mechanism for type 2 diabetes is

Insulin resistance and B-cell dysfunction

The formation of active vitamin D

Is impaired in renal failure

It is true that the synthesis of thyroid hormones

Is inhibited by iodine deficiency

Brain injury secondary to high serum bilirubin is called

Kernicterus

The American Diabetes Association recommends a postprandial blood glucose level of _____ mg/dL for adults with diabetes.

Less than 180

It is true that gallstones are

More common in women.

Most gallstones are composed of

cholesterol

The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is

Adhesions

A biliary cause of acute pancreatitis is suggested by an elevation in which serum laboratory results?

Alkaline phosphate

It is true that Graves disease is

Associated with autoantibodies to TSH receptors

Proton pump inhibitors may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to

Decrease hydrochloric acid (HCI) secretion

Fecal leukocyte screening would be indicated in a patient with suspected

Enterocolitis

Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after ______ procedures.

Gastric bypass

The breakdown of stored glycogen in the liver and muscles is called

Glycogenolysis

What indicator is most helpful in evaluating long-term blood glucose management in patients with diabetes mellitus?

Glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c)

A patient reporting vision changes, photophobia, and lid lag may be exhibiting signs of

Graves disease