Quizzes BO

The two primary outcomes of interest to OB researchers, employees, and managers are job performance and job satisfaction

False

Which of the following takes the theories and principles studied in OB and explores the "nuts and bolts" applications of those principles in organizations?

HRM

________ is the value of the set of employee behaviors that contribute, either positively or negatively, to organizational goal accomplishment.

Job performance

________ is the willingness to be vulnerable to an authority based on positive expectations about the authority's actions and intentions.

trust

Which of the following reflect(s) the degree to which employees feel that their company does business with frames, honesty and integrity?

trust, justice, and ethics

Which of the following theories argues that job satisfaction depends on whether an employee perceives that his or her job supplies the things that he or she values?

value-percept theory

The Morning Muffin is a family-run baking company. It specializes in custom-made cakes, turnovers, croissants, muffins, and pies. Younger family members have learned the value of attention to detail when creating a new recipe by observing the praise given to bakers who exhibit this level of attention. Those who now exhibit close attention to detail while creating recipes have learned through

vicarious experiences.

An active, constructive response to a negative situation in which individuals attempt to improve the situation, is referred to as

voice

Some people react to bad rules or policies by constructively trying to change them instead of passively complaining about them. This positive characteristic is known as

voice

Which of the following is an example of a strain?

Amrita develops insomnia while trying meet the deadline to sequencing a new gene.

Which of the following best exemplifies benign job demands?

Anaya teaches third grade, and due to budget cuts, she has been forced to shop for her own school supplies on her own time and with her own money.

________ describes voluntary employee activities that may or may not be rewarded but that contribute to the organization by improving the overall quality of the setting in which work takes place.

Citizenship behavior

________ is an important moderator of what individuals consider to be positively or negatively valent.

Culture

Evaluating an employee's performance based on results alone provides the best picture of which employees are worth more to an organization.

False

The theories and concepts found in OB are drawn from two disciplines: human resources management and strategic management.

False

Kamal is looking for a part-time job. He has several acquaintances who have worked for SlamDogs Burgers and Dogs, a restaurant chain. They say that the company pays well, has a good company culture, and treats its employees with respect. Plus, its high quality and affordable food and the cleanliness of its establishments make it extremely popular with the public—in fact, Kamal loves going to SlamDogs and has eaten there on a regular basis since he was a child. Kamal thinks SlamDogs sounds like a good place to work and decides to fill out an application. What can you deduce based on his decision?

His decision is rational and is based on subjective as well as objective information about the company.

Employees at Carpet Lot were given a survey about the workplace. One of the questions asked them about their wages. Which of the following respondents gave a response that shows a belief in a high level of instrumentality at Carpet Lot?

Irvin, who said wages are determined by employee job performance

Lethabo is the marketing manager at BlueSky Concepts, a management consulting firm. His calendar is filled with meetings with heads of the companies, interviewing new employees, giving interviews to business magazines, attending presentations and seminars in different countries, and the like. Lethabo feels that every workday he has something different to do, and he is rarely bored with his job. According to the job characteristics theory, which of the following is true about Jon's job?

It has high variety.

Marco and Sam lost their jobs when the recession hit and their company had to lay off many of its employees. However, a few workers in their department with less seniority than Marco and Sam kept their jobs. When they confronted their supervisor about this, he offered only vague answers and changed the subject quickly. Given what you know about justice in organizations, why do you think their supervisor might have behaved this way?

Many managers find sharing bad news to be stressful, leading them to distance themselves rather than to explain decisions.

Teresa works in a chemical factory where her job involves inspecting containers of kerosene as they pass down the assembly line. She goes through a five-step process compliant with safety regulations laid down in the company manual, and she seldom has to think about her work. One day, however, a fire broke out on the line, and Teresa, who saw it before anyone else, grabbed an extinguisher just in time. Had she not acted quickly, the fire would have quickly spread, potentially resulting in widespread injuries and even death. In terms of organizational behavior, what is the best way to describe this situation?

Normally, Teresa's job involves routine task performance, but this situation required adaptability.

Which of the following scenarios deals with satisfaction with the work itself?

Piotr enjoys his job because he constantly faces new challenges.

________ refers to a work hindrance stressor that occurs when the number of demanding roles a person holds is so high that the person simply cannot perform some or all of the roles very effectively.

Role overload

Selena sells luxury cars for a living, but in recent months her sales have slumped. This is partly due to an economic recession, which has led to a downturn in the market. In addition, Selena has been distracted by the fact that her mother has been in the hospital. As a result of her decline in sales, Selena recently received a bad job performance rating. Why would she have grounds to dispute this rating?

The economic downturn is a factor beyond her control.

First, the network went down, then the guy in the next cubicle would not stop clearing his throat, and now Delia cannot find a sticky note when she needs one. Delia's head hurts, her shoulders are tense, and her back aches. Which of the following statements is true?

The network going down is a work hassle, while Delia's hurting head and back are daily outcomes.

Creative task performance is the degree to which individuals develop ideas or physical outcomes that are both novel and useful.

True

Organizational commitment is the desire on the part of an employee to remain a member of the organization.

True

Laraine, who studied marketing and public relations in college, reviewed numerous articles, studied the new phone thoroughly, and came up with a campaign that received good reviews from her team leaders. Her success in creating a good campaign for the new phone completely on her own reflects her

ability

Which of the following dimensions of trustworthiness is defined as the belief that the authority wants to do good for the trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centered motives?

benevolence

Which of the following types of employees possesses high commitment and low task performance but performs many of the voluntary "extra-role" activities that are needed to make the organization function smoothly?

citizens

Motivation determines the direction, intensity, and outcome of effort.

false

Sofia, Faisal, and Tad are coworkers at Crossroads, Inc. All three have worked at Crossroads for five years now. One day while eating lunch together, Sofia remarks that she heard their colleague Margo recently quit and went to work for a competitor. Each of the three has a different opinion about Margo's leaving, and they all have their own reasons for continuing to stay at Crossroads. Faisal remarks that it is not worthwhile for him to leave like Margo because he has put in the time and hard work for a promotion. If he left for another company, he would not likely get this opportunity again soon. Faisal is exhibiting ________ commitment.

continuance

Which of the following reflect(s) the relatively minor routine demands that get in the way of accomplishing the things that we really want to accomplish?

daily hassles

Which of the following terms refers to the work and nonwork forces that bind us to our current employer?

embeddedness

Jerri and Janelle work at Logistics of Love, a nonprofit designer of homeless shelters. Last month, Janelle, newly hired on a temporary designing assignment, was asked by her supervisor to oversee the company's social media presence. Being new to using social media in a professional context, Janelle is considering her efficacy. She talks to Jerri and other individuals who have been creating professional social media content for several years. Jerri takes pride in her work-related social media posts and always approaches company-based social media with total enthusiasm. Jerri tells Janelle that she believes exerting a high level of effort will result in a successful performance in representing the company on social media. Jerri's self-efficacy source appears to be

emotional cues

Kwame designs and delivers public outreach programs for Hydro Sun Electric. He seems to never take a break, he always talks about work, and he often reaches the end of the day wishing he could do more and not realizing how late it has gotten. Kwame's behavior demonstrates the concept of

engagement

The managers at Telstar, a public relations firm, have noticed that the employees are not team players and are primarily focused on achieving individual goals. Management wants to change this attitude and works to create a reward system in which all group members would receive exactly the same outcome, regardless of their individual productivity levels, to promote their ability to work effectively in groups. Which of the following allocation norms would you recommend for this purpose?

equality norm

The ________ model suggests that employees with fewer bonds will be most likely to quit the organization

erosion

Annalise worked with Perry five years ago at a different company, and they had constant personality clashes. Annalise is a team player who prizes loyalty to the team above individual accomplishments. She has been unhappy at Axon for some time and has been considering sending out her CV to other companies. However, when she discovers that Perry is joining the team, she turns in her resignation. Annalise's response is best described as an example of

exit

Research shows that employees with low job satisfaction experience strong positive feelings when they think about their duties or take part in their task activities.

false

The compensatory forms model of withdrawal argues that the various withdrawal behaviors are positively correlated.

false

The most serious form of physical withdrawal is absenteeism

false

The particular demands that cause people to experience stress are called strains.

false

An effective way for organizations to foster affective commitment is through improving salary and benefits packages.

false

Anya, a manager at Marquette Industries, is always very careful to award bonuses and other rewards to her subordinates based on each individual's performance and contribution. Anya is concerned with interpersonal justice.

false

Jasmine met Lee at her apartment pool and agreed to go out on a date with him that evening. She has often gone out with people she just met. Her agreement to go out with him when she just met him demonstrates affect-based trust.

false

Leticia has been assigned a task for which she knows that she does not have the necessary skills or knowledge. However, she really wants the bonus she can earn by completing the task. According to expectancy theory, Leticia will be highly motivated to complete the task.

false

According to job characteristics theory, which of the following responsibilities can be described as part of an autonomous job?

following the instruction manual word for word

Amanda and her team are about to begin performing a job analysis for the position of structural engineer at their firm. The very first thing they should do is

generate a list of activities involved with the job, using data collected through observations, surveys, and interviews.

When job performance evaluation time rolls around, Michael always comes out ahead of his coworkers, but his success comes at a price. He has been known to give his supervisors negative (and sometimes untrue) information about his coworkers, and when it looks as though someone else may be about to get a better job performance evaluation, bad things tend to happen to that person, such as lost paperwork and missed meetings due to deleted calendar appointments. In terms of organizational behavior and the principles of job performance evaluations, it is clear that

his supervisors' emphasis on results has created an environment in which an employee might use unethical behavior to get ahead.

According to the job characteristics theory, the degree to which the job requires completing a whole piece of work from beginning to end with a visible outcome is known as

identity

Normative commitment from employees can result from all of these except

implementation of a matrix structure in the organization.

________ is a positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one's job or job experiences.

job satisfaction

Jay, Kuo, and Elaine's company has an opening for a manager, and all three of them apply. However, Elaine, who has been with the company the longest and has a business degree, gets the job. Although Jay and Kuo are disappointed, they most likely agree that the company's decision reflects a high level of

justice

Managers at PopLit, a company that produces comic books and graphic novels, believe in providing continuous feedback to employees regarding their work. Newly hired employees are assigned an established employee to shadow for six weeks. The established employee also reviews the shadow's work and provides tips on improving productivity. In this example, the firm is addressing which of the following critical psychological states that make work satisfying for employees?

knowledge of results

Which of the following group mechanisms summarizes how individuals attain authority over others?

leader power and negotiation

As Isabella gains experience, she obtains job knowledge and uses this knowledge to manage her employees effectively. Which individual mechanism is referred to in this statement?

learning and decision making

The psychological state that reflects the degree to which work tasks are viewed as something that "counts" in the employee's system of philosophies and beliefs is known as

meaningfulness of work.

Effective job performance is most often a function of

motivation and ability.

________ is the cognitive groupings or clusters of outcomes that are viewed as having critical psychological or physiological consequences.

needs

Wallace just got a new batch of articles to edit. He is enthused about starting something new. He decides to put all other distractions aside and focus on this task. He gets a great deal done, but after three hours, he is ready for something else. Deciding to quit after a few hours demonstrates the effect of Wallace's motivation on his ________ of effort.

persistence

When people first encounter stressors, the process of ________ is triggered.

primary appraisal

Synergy Laboratories has a very liberal atmosphere in which all employees are welcome to participate in the decision-making process. The company values the feedback and suggestions given by the employees, who in turn are pleased that they are able to express their opinions freely. Which of the following dimensions of justice is the company promoting by giving its employees voice?

procedural justice

Alvin is the leader of a team of counselors at a camp for recovering addicts. He and his team have been asked to implement a new program, which on the surface looks much more difficult than what they have been doing. Before the program begins, Alvin feels he needs to give his team a speech to help motivate them for the upcoming challenge. What is the first thing Alvin should do in his speech?

remind the team of how they worked hard to successfully overcome challenges in the past

Angela is working as the head of sales at Blue Mountain Cola. Her work requires her to travel extensively and meet customers in various countries. However, Angela's role also requires her to mentor several sales representatives who work under her and keep track of their progress. Because Angela stays away from her office most of the time, she finds it difficult to manage both types of work responsibilities. Angela faces which of the following challenges?

role enrichment

Sanjita is rather quiet at her workplace. Her only friend at work, Marisol, quit the company a month ago. The ________ model suggests that Sanjita is more likely to quit her job because Marisol is no longer working in the same organization

social influence

Culture, trust, teamwork, and reputation are terms ___________ because it is not always clear how they came to develop, though it is clear which organization do possess them.

socially complex

Akari accepted a position with Innovate Electronics because she knows the company is highly regarded. Which of the following work value categories does Akari's choice relate to?

status

Which of the following focuses on the product choices and industry characteristics that affect an organization's profitability?

strategic management

Which of the following shows employees' psychological responses to job demands that tac or exceed their capabilities?

stress

Damita finds an advertisement for a bookkeeper position at a small business. The ad mentions handling accounts payable and accounts receivable, payroll, worker's compensation and unemployment insurance, and other financial matters related to the operation of the company. These items in the job description are all examples of

task performance

Which of the following drives cognition-based trust?

the authority's track record

When it comes to pay satisfaction, most employees base their desired pay on their job duties and

the pay received by comparable colleagues.

Judy has just started a new job as a checker at Farmer's Grocery. It is her first job after graduating from high school, and she hopes to save enough money in the first year to be able to move in with her boyfriend. In her first week, she befriends two other new checkers, Silvio and Natasha, and she finds the majority of customers to be polite and sociable. At the end of her first week on the job, she checks the upcoming week's work schedule only to discover that she is scheduled to have Tuesday and Friday off instead of Wednesday and Thursday as she requested. She is disappointed because her boyfriend has Wednesdays and Thursdays off from his job as a waiter, and their conflicting schedules means she will not be able to see him much. The next week, she finds that she has Tuesday and Saturday off, despite once again requesting Wednesday and Thursday off. The week after that, she finds herself feeling anxious about going into the break room because she is reluctant to find out if her days off are again different from what she requested. According to what you know about the transactional theory of stress, what will be the next step Judy takes?

to realize the importance of spending time with her boyfriend and understand that a variable work schedule will negatively impact her personal life

A critical factor that determines coping strategy choice is the degree to which people believe that a particular strategy gives them some degree of control over the stressor or how they feel about it.

true

A useful way to understand correlation between two variables is to look at a scatterplot

true

Darien has just started a new job. His coworkers tell him that their manager is very unselfish and always keeps her promises. In addition, she is the leading expert in the company on product development. As a result of this information, Darien is likely to develop cognition-based trust in his manager.

true

Hannah has been asked to give the opening speech at her global company's annual sales convention. She has successfully given speeches in the past, and her friends have all told her she would be great. These have resulted in a high sense of self-efficacy, and she accepts the assignment.

true

Kathleen thought her college studies had prepared her completely for her new job as a restaurant manager. She is completely surprised by the amount of responsibility that has immediately been given to her and the number of skills she is expected to already have. Combined with the amount of pressure she is under to get all the staffing and ordering forms filled out and filed, she is feeling quite stressed. Kathleen is experiencing work-related challenge stress.

true

Low levels of informational justice can make an organization vulnerable to wrongful termination claims

true

Service jobs are high in emotional labor.

true

Some employees do not want frequent promotions because promotions bring more responsibility and increased work hours.

true

Sometimes the best task performers engage in counterproductive behavior.

true

Kwame, Rosalinda, and Sven work at Security First Trust and National Reserve, a medium-sized bank with 240 branches in eight states. Kwame works as a teller. Rosalinda works as one of five regional supervisors, each of whom is expected to supervise a team of tellers. Kwame recently received instructions from his supervisor that all tellers will be evaluated on the number of people they assist at their window per day. Serving more customers means higher performance effectiveness. However, Kwame is also expected to follow the bank's number-one goal of customer satisfaction. Rosalinda is facing her own challenges. Two of the regional supervisors suddenly left the bank for other opportunities, resulting in a significant increase in work responsibility and time pressure for Rosalinda and the remaining two supervisors. Just two days before the two regional supervisors quit, the bank hired Sven as a supervisor trainee. With the bank suddenly short-handed, Sven was asked to take up all the responsibilities of a regional supervisor. He has been given very few instructions or guidelines about how things are supposed to be done. Instead, the bank expects him to learn on the job. Kwame is facing which type of stressor?

work hindrance