r and k selection, communities, and ecosystems
What is a trophic level? What is the 1st trophic level? Give an example of an organism from this level.
trophic level: eating level producers ex. algae converts energy from sun --in lake
How can primary productivity be measured in an aquatic ecosystem?
-measure the gases being produced (since it's more difficult to measure the matter in water) -we look at the O2 created b/c producers take that CO2 + make into matter
what are some examples of limiting factors?
-running out of food -limited space
Describe characteristics of a k-selected species. Give an example.
-stable environment -large body size -long life expectancy -high parental care -fewer offspring ex. humans, elephants, whales, arctic turn
What makes type II survivorship curve different from a type I and type III? Give an example of a species that depicts a type II survivorship curve
-steady rate of death -some live short lives, some live long
what is BBEPCO?
Biosphere, Biome, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism
true or false: r-selected species give great amounts of care to their offspring
FALSE
true or false: r-selected species have few offspring at a time and very rarely live in their lives
FALSE
What is the second trophic level? Ex.
Primary consumers - can't make own food ex. crustaceans eat algae
What is an ecosystem?
a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
What is a biome?
areas that have similar climate ex. North western caniferous
why can't exponential growth be indefinite?
because there's limiting factors
What does it mean to have high fecundity (when talking about r-selected species)?
can reproduce very quickly and a LOT
how does a type III survivorship curve differ from a type I? ex. of a type III:
from the beginning, most die off, some survive + reproduce ex. frogs
how is primary productivity measured (what units)? Where does the carbon come from?
gC/m^2/yr (grams of carbon per meter^2 per year) taking CO2 from atmosphere (light from sun) and make it into live-able material
what is meant by and r value in population ecology?
growth rate
parasitism in symbiosis
harming one and the other is helped
mutualism in symbiosis
help each other
characteristics of a population that has a type I survivorship curve
lot of parental care to offspring live for a long time and die off in later years ex. humans
commensalism in symbiosis
one is helped and the other is unaffected
Are chameleons r-selected or k-selected as a species? What evidence can you support this with?
r-selected because they only lay two eggs
what are density independent limiting factors? examples:
related to chance -tsunami -volcanic eruption -killing thousands of people
What is the third trophic level? ex.
second level consumers ex. fish eat crustaceans
What does an age structure (population pyramid) diagram show?
the growth of population by ages, gender, # of people
what is carrying capacity and what symbol is used to represent it?
the maximum amount that can support of a population. represented by "k"
what is meant by primary productivity?
the producers in an area --how much living space (biomass_ they lay down
What happens in logistic growth of population?
when population levels off b/c of carrying capacity