RAD 101, Chapter 4 Elbow and Humerus

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If the patient can be positioned properly, the central-ray angle for the transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus is: a. 0 degrees b. 5 degrees c. 10 degrees d. 15 degrees

0 degrees

What is the central-ray angulation for the AP elbow when the forearm is partially flexed? a. 0 degrees b. 5 degrees c. 10 degrees d. 5 to 10 degrees

0 degrees

How many degrees should the elbow be angled for an AP oblique projection in lateral rotation? a. 30 degrees b. 40 degrees c. 45 degrees d. 40 to 45 degrees

40 degrees

How many degrees should the elbow be angled for an AP oblique projection in medial rotation? a. 35 degrees b. 40 degrees c. 45 degrees d. 40 to 45 degrees

40 to 45 degrees

Which of the following would be projected free of superimposition for an AP oblique projection of the elbow with medial rotation? a. lateral epicondyle b. coronoid process c. olecranon process d. olecranon fossa

coronoid process

Soft tissue radiographs of the elbow in the lateral position are often ordered to demonstrate: a. veins b. nerves c. fat pads d. fractures

fat pads

The only saddle joint in the human body is the: a. radioulnar joint b. radiocarpal joint c. first digit, carpometacarpal joint d. fifth digit, carpometacarpal joint

first digit, carpometacarpal joint

Which of the following is shown "in profile" on an AP projection of the humerus? a. capitulum b. glenoid cavity c. greater tubercle d. lesser tubercle

greater tubercle

To demonstrate the coronoid process in the axiolateral projection of the elbow (Coyle Method), the elbow is flexed: a. 45 degrees b. 80 degrees c. 90 degrees d. 80 to 90 degrees

80 degrees

For a lateral projection of the wrist, the elbow must be flexed: a. 0 degrees b. 25 degrees c. 45 degrees d. 90 degrees

90 degrees

For the lateral projection of the elbow, the elbow joint should be flexed: a. 25 degrees b. 45 degrees c. 75 degrees d. 90 degrees

90 degrees

For the lateral projection of the forearm, the elbow should be flexed: a. 45 degrees b. 90 degrees c. 120 degrees d. 90 to 120 degrees

90 degrees

To demonstrate the radial head in the axiolateral projection of the elbow (Coyle Method), the elbow is flexed: a. 30 degrees b. 45 degrees c. 80 degrees d. 90 degrees

90 degrees

Which of the following projections of the elbow will demonstrate the radial head and neck free of superimposition? a. AP oblique projection, lateral rotation b. AP oblique projection, medial rotation c. AP projection, partial flexion d. AP projection, acute flexion

AP oblique projection, lateral rotation

Which of the following projections of the elbow will demonstrate the olecranon process within the olecranon fossa? a. AP, acute flexion b. AP, partial flexion c. AP oblique, medial rotation d. AP oblique, lateral rotation

AP oblique, medial rotation

Where is the central ray directed for a lateral projection of the humerus? a. elbow joint b. shoulder joint c. glenoid cavity d. midpoint of the humerus

midpoint of the humerus

Where is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the humerus? a. elbow joint b. shoulder joint c. body of the humerus d. midpoint of the humerus

midpoint of the humerus

How far above the humeral head should the upper margin of the IR be placed for a lateral projection of the humerus? a. 1/2 inch b. 1 inch c. 2 inches d. 1 1/2 inches

1 1/2

How far above the humeral head should the upper margin of the IR be placed for an AP humerus? a. 1/2 inch b. 1 inch c. 1 1/2 inches d. 2 inches

1 1/2 inches

Which of the following are achieved when the transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus is done on full inspiration? 1.) increased contrast 2.) decrease in exposure 3.) wide latitude a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2

Which of the following methods can be used to demonstrate the first CMC joint? 1.) Robert 2.) Burman 3.) Stecher a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2

Which fat pads are seen on a negative lateral elbow radiograph? 1.) anterior 2.) posterior 3.) supinator a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3

Which of the following general procedures should be observed when performing x-ray examinations of the upper limb? 1.) remove rings and watches 2.) have the patient change into a gown 3.) use an R or L marker on each image a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3

Which of the following must be clearly demonstrated on an AP projection of the humerus? 1.) elbow joint 2.) glenoid cavity 3.) shoulder joint a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3

Which of the following objects would be necessary to perform an x-ray examination of the humerus? 1.) sandbag 2.) 30-degree angle sponge 3.) lead shield a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3

Which of the following should be on the same plane for a lateral projection of the elbow? 1.) wrist joint 2.) elbow joint 3.) shoulder joint a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

If the patient cannot elevate the unaffected shoulder for a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus, the central ray should be angled: a. 10 degrees cephalad b. 15 degrees cephalad c. 20 degrees caudad d. 10 to 15 degrees cephalad

10 to 15 degrees cephalad

If a patient is unable to extend the forearm for an AP projection of the elbow, how many projections are necessary to avoid distortion of the joint? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

2

The 10 joints of the upper limb are all: 1.) hinge 2.) synovial tissue 3.) freely moveable a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3

The primary structures shown when demonstrating the elbow using the Coyle Method are the: 1.) coracoid process 2.) coronoid process 3.) radial head a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3

Which of the following must be clearly demonstrated on a lateral projection of the humerus? 1.) glenoid cavity 2.) elbow joint 3.) shoulder joint a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3

For a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus, lung detail may be blurred to better visualize the humerus. Which of the following techniques can be used to blur the lung structures? a. 3 seconds b. 5 seconds c. 7 seconds d. 10 seconds

3 seconds

The central-ray angulation for both of the axiolateral projections (Coyle Method) of the elbow is: a. 30 degrees b. 35 degrees c. 40 degrees d. 45 degrees

45 degrees

Which of the following devices is necessary to demonstrate the IP joints with a PA oblique projection of the hand? a. finger holder strap b. 20-degree-angle block c. 45-degree foam block d. 45-degree foam wedge

45-degree foam wedge

A fracture of the metacarpal neck is known as a ____ fracture. a. Colle's b. Smith's c. Boxer's d. Bennett's

Boxer's

fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement is known as a ____ fracture. a. Colle's b. Smith's c. Boxer's d. Bennett's

Colle's

Which of the following methods is used when the arm cannot be abducted for the standard AP or lateral projection of the humerus? a. Stecher b. Lawrence c. Norgaard d. Gaynor-Hart

Lawrence

Which fat pad is identified in the figure above? a. anterior b. posterior c. coronoid d. supinator

anterior

The central area of the long cylindrical shaft of the radius, ulna, and humerus is called the: a. body b. neck c. styloid d. fissure

body

Which of the following would not be needed for radiographic examinations of the upper limb? a. lead apron b. sandbags c. compression band d. foam wedges

compression band

The shallow depression, located on the anterior side of the distal humerus, receives which of the following when the elbow is flexed? a. trochlea b. coronoid fossa c. capitulum d. radial fossa

coronoid fossa

If a breathing technique cannot be used for the transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus, the exposure should be made using: a. full expiration b. full inspiration c. partial inspiration d. suspended respiration

full inspiration

Which of the following positions can be used to perform a lateral projection of the humerus on a patient who has a suspected fracture? a. supine b. standing c. lateral decubitus d. lateral recumbent

lateral recumbent

Which of the following is shown "in profile" on a lateral projection of the humerus? a. capitulum b. glenoid cavity c. lesser tubercle d. greater tubercle

lesser tubercle

The posterior fat pad lies in the: a. coronoid fossa b. olecranon fossa c. radial fossa d. radial notch

olecranon fossa

Which of the following is shown "in profile" on a lateral projection of the elbow? a. radial neck b. radial head c. olecranon process d. humeral epicondyles

olecranon process

For a transthoracic lateral projection, the proximal humerus should be projected: a. between the vertebral column and sternum b. over the vertebral column c. over the sternum d. directly over the opposite humerus

over the sternum

For the AP projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles are: a. perpendicular to the IR b. parallel to the IR c. superimposed over each other d. not clearly seen

parallel to the IR

For a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus the epicondyles should, unless contraindicated, be positioned: a. perpendicular to the IR b. parallel to the IR c. 30 degrees oblique to the IR (medial rotation) d. 45 degrees oblique to the IR (medial rotation)

perpendicular to the IR

Rotating the arm medially for a lateral projection of the humerus will place the epicondyles: a. at a 30-degree angle with the plane of the IR b. at a 45-degree angle with the plane of the IR c. parallel with the plane of the IR d. perpendicular with the plane of the IR

perpendicular with the plane of the IR

The capitulum of the humerus articulates with the: a. radial head b. trochlea c. lateral epicondyle d. ulnar coronoid process

radial head

Which of the following is demonstrated free of superimposition on an AP oblique projection of the elbow in lateral rotation? a. capitulum b. trochlea c. radial head and neck d. olecranon process

radial head and neck

The head of the radius fits into a depression on the lateral aspect of the coronoid process of the ulna. This depression is called the: a. radial fossa b. coronoid fossa c. radial notch d. trochlear notch

radial notch

The most common position used for performing an AP humerus radiograph is: a. prone b. recumbent c. standing d. seated upright

recumbent

For the AP projection of the elbow, the hand is: a. pronated b. supinated c. placed in the lateral position d. placed in the 45-degree oblique position

supinated

Which fat pad lies parallel with the anterior aspect of the proximal radius? a. anterior b. coronoid c. posterior d. supinator

supinator

How is the hand positioned for the axiolateral projection of the elbow (Coyle Method)? a. supine b. prone c. 30-degree oblique d. 45-degree oblique

supine

What position should the hand be placed in for the AP projection of the humerus? a. supine b. prone c. lateral d. 30 degrees oblique, medial rotation

supine

Which of the following positions of the hand will place the epicondyles parallel with the plane of the IR? a. lateral b. prone c. supine d. 45 degrees oblique

supine

Where should the center of the IR be positioned for a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus? a. acromion process b. surgical neck c. greater tubercle d. midshaft of the humerus

surgical neck

Which of the following breathing techniques should be used for a lateral projection of the humerus? a. shallow breathing b. full inspiration c. full expiration d. suspended respiration

suspended respiration

Which of the following breathing techniques should be used for an AP projection of the humerus? a. suspended respiration b. full inspiration c. full expiration d. shallow breathing

suspended respiration

Which of the following statements is true about the use of digital radiography (CR or DR) and finger projections? a. only one exposure can be made on an IR b. the digit must be placed in the central part of the image area c. the unexposed side of a split IR does not have to be covered with lead d. no special considerations are necessary for radiographs of the fingers

the digit must be placed in the central part of the image area

Which of the following is the best position to place the patient in for a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus? a. upright b. supine c. prone d. recumbent

upright


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