renal 195 test 2

Which of the following lab results is considered the most life-threatening effect of renal failure

Hyperkalemia

A urine specific gravity >1.025 may indicate

dehydration.

A patient is having a problem with retention of urine in the bladder. Which of the following diagnostic tests measures the amount of residual urine in the bladder?

A bladder ultrasonography is a noninvasive method of measuring urine volume in the bladder; automatic calculations display the urine volume. A nuclear scan provides information about kidney perfusion and function. It is used to evaluate acute and chronic renal failure. Cystography aids in evaluating vesicourethral reflux and in assessing bladder injury. IV urography provides an approximate estimate of renal function and may be used as the initial assessment of many urologic problems.

Which is a reversible cause of urinary incontinence in the older adult?

Constipation

Enlargement of the prostate causes which of the following to occur? Select all that apply.

Enlargement of the prostate gland causes obstruction of urine flow, resulting in frequency, oliguria, and anuria.

A client is suspected of having an outflow obstruction. Which of the following would the nurse expect the client to report?

Signs of obstructed urine flow include straining to empty the bladder, feeling that the bladder doesn't empty completely, hesitancy, weak stream, frequency, overflow incontinence, and bladder distention

Which of the following is a strategy to promote urinary continence?

Strategies to promote urinary continence include increasing awareness of the amount and timing of all fluid intake; avoid taking diuretics after 4 PM; avoiding bladder irritants, such as caffeine, alcohol, and aspartame (NutraSweet); taking steps to avoid constipation by drinking adequate fluids, eating a well-balanced diet high in fiber, exercising regularly, and taking stool softeners if recommended; and voiding regularly, 5 to 8 times a day (about every 2 to 3 hours).

After having transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client returns to the unit with a three-way indwelling urinary catheter and continuous closed bladder irrigation. Which finding suggests that the client's catheter is occluded?

The client reports bladder spasms and the urge to void.

Which of the following is classified as a upper urinary tract infection (UTI)? Select all that apply.

Upper UTIs include acute pyelonephritis, renal abscess, perineal abscess, chronic pyelonephritis, and interstitial nephritis. Lower UTIs include cystitis, urethritis, and prostatitis.

Renal clearance

ability of the kidneys to clear solutes from the plasma.

Frequency, urgency, and dysuria

associated with urinary tract infection.

A urine specific gravity of <1.010 may indicate

overhydration

Anuria is a .

total urine output less than 50 mL in 24 hours

Urine specific gravity

is a measurement of the kidney's ability to concentrate urine.