Renal Practice Questions

Which of the following has a rate of urinary excretion (units of solute per unit time) that is almost always identical to its rate of glomerular filtration in a healthy adult? Choose 1 answer: A)Sodium B)Glucose C)Chloride D)Creatinine

Creatinine

The renal system does not play a direct role in regulating which of the following? A)Blood solute concentrations B)Blood temperature C)Blood pressure D)Blood pH

Blood temperature

Urine is formed in a three-step process: which of the following gives the correct order in which these steps take place in the nephron? A)Tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption, glomerular filtration B)Tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, glomerular filtration C)Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion D)Glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption

Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion

Presence of which of the following in the urine, even in small amounts, is indicative of a possible problem in the renal system of a patient? A)Glucose B)Creatinine C)Urea D)Sodium

Glucose

Which of the following choices correctly traces the route of glomerular filtrate on its path to the collecting duct of a nephron? A)proximal tubule, Bowman's capsule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, distal tubule B)Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, distal tubule C)Bowman's capsule, distal tubule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, proximal tubule D)Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, ascending loop of Henle, descending loop of Henle, distal tubule

Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, distal tubule

Which of the following has a rate of urinary excretion (units of solute per unit time) that is always much lower than its rate of glomerular filtration in a healthy adult? A)Urea B)Potassium C)Sodium D)Glucose

Glucose

Which of the following is least likely to be present in the glomerular filtrate (the filtrate produced by the nephron before it enters the loop of Henle) of a healthy adult nephron? A)Amino acids B)Glucose C)Electrolytes D)Large molecular weight protein

Large molecular weight protein

Which of the following anatomical portions of a nephron connects the Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle? A)Distal convoluted tubule B)Connecting tubule C)Proximal convoluted tubule D)Collecting duct

Proximal convoluted tubule

How many nephrons does the average adult human kidney contain (a nephron is the main functional unit of the kidney)? A)Exactly 1 B)Roughly 100,000 C)Roughly 1,000,000 D)Roughly 1,000

Roughly 1,000,000

As glomerular filtrate moves through the ascending loop of Henle, the filtrate becomes more dilute: why? A)The ascending loop of Henle is permeable to water and ions B)The ascending loop of Henle is permeable to ions but impermeable to water C)The ascending loop of Henle is impermeable to water and ions D)The ascending loop of Henle is permeable to water but not to ions

The ascending loop of Henle is permeable to ions but impermeable to water