Reproductive System

Ovulation occurs at about day_____ of the menstrual cycle.Question 43 options: 1 7 14 28

14

Following fertilization the zygote remains in the fallopian tube about_____days.Question 44 options: 1 2 3 4 5

4 (?? wrong) 5 (?? wrong)

A normal ejaculate contains about _____ million sperm per milliliter.Question 28 options: 1-50 50-150 150-250 250-500

50-150

Erection of the penis results from: Question 26 options: a sympathetic reflex. parasympathetic activation of the bulbourethral glands. dilation of the veins in the penis. a spinal reflex mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system.

A spinal reflex mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system

The ovaries: Question 30 options: are surrounded by the tunica albuginea. are anchored to the uterus by the suspensory ligament. are anchored to the body wall by the ovarian ligament. contain a germinal epithelium from which the gametes arise.

Are surrounded by the tunica albuginea

Normally menstruation occurs when: Question 36 options: blood levels of FSH fall off. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase. the corpus luteum secretes estrogen.

Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease

Which is not a part of the proliferative phase of the female menstrual cycle? Question 27 options: cervical mucus becomes thin and crystalline ovulation corpus luteum development of endometrial cells

Corpus luteum

All of the following can be considered male secondary sex characteristics except the: development of body hair. lowering of the voice. development of testes as opposed to ovaries. increasing mass of the skeleton.

Development of testes as opposed to ovaries

Select the correct statement about the uterine cycle. Question 33 options: The menstrual phase of the cycle is from day 1 to day 8. During the secretory phase, estrogen levels are at their highest. During the proliferative phase, levels of progesterone rise as the follicle begins to produce more hormone. If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo.

During the proliferative phase, levels of progesterone rise as the follicle begins to produce more hormone (?? wrong)

Select the correct statement about male sexual response. Question 29 options: Sympathetic impulses are responsible for causing penile arteriolar dilation, resulting in erection. Erection is the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood. Expansion of the penile tissues results in dilation of the venous outflow. Ejaculation is the result of parasympathetic stimulation.

Erection is the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood

_____ causes the uterine lining to thicken.Question 33 options: FSH LH Estrogen Progesterone GnRH

FSH (?? wrong) Estrogen

Functions of testosterone include: Question 19 options: facilitation of muscle and skeletal growth in mass. loss of facial hair. growth of the breasts. drying of the skin.

Facilitation of muscle and skeletal growth in mass

Fertilization generally occurs in the: Question 14 options: ovary. uterus. vagina. fallopian tubes.

Fallopian tubes

A male is fertile from about age 13 until about age 60 when male menopause occurs. True False

False

Following a vasectomy, no more sperm are produced by the testes. The other fluids that contribute to the semen can continue to be ejaculated. True False

False

Sperm production by the testes is enhanced by the body s temperature. The closer the testes remain to the body, the higher the viable sperm count. True False

False

Testes develop in the scrotum. As the testes move in and out of the abdominal cavity a portion of the intestine may become trapped creating a hernia. True False

False

True or False: Oral contraceptives work by preventing implantation of a fertilized egg.Question 47 options: True False

False

True or False: RU486 prevents fertilizationQuestion 50 options: True False

False

_____ is caused by a virus.Question 55 options: Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphilis Genital herpes Trichomoniasis

Genital herpes

Which of the following hormones controls the release of anterior pituitary gonadotropins? Question 6 options: LH FSH GnRH testosterone

GnRH

Select the correct statement about testosterone control. Question 44 options: GnRh from the hypothalamus causes FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary. FSH stimulates testicular production of testosterone. Inhibin and testosterone exert positive feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary. The pineal gland is believed to be the gland that exerts the most influence in testosterone control.

GnRH from the hypothalamus causes FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary

______ is referred to as the "clap".Question 54 options: Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphilis Genital herpes Trichomoniasis

Gonorrhea

Effects of estrogen include: Question 20 options: increased oiliness of the skin. deepening of the voice. growth of the breasts at puberty. growth of the larynx.

Growth of the breasts at puberty

Early "home pregnancy tests" test for the presence of:Question 42 options: estrogen progesterone FSH LH HCG

HCG

The corpus luteum is stimulated to produce hormones by _____.Question 35 options: FSH LH HCG GnRH enzymes released by the mother

HCG

The developing embryo produces _____ that stimulates the _____ to produce_____.Question 39 options: FSH and LH; ovary; estrogen and progesterone HCG; corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone estrogen and progesterone; pituitary gland; FSH and LH enzymes; uterus; HCG enzymes; corpus luteum; progesterone

HCG; corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

In humans, separation of the cells at the two-cell state following fertilization may lead to the production of twins, which in this case would be: dizygotic. identical. fraternal. of different sexes.

Identical

The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that: Question 37 options: during spermatogenesis two more polar bodies are produced. the mature ovum is n, while the sperm is 2n. in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell. spermatogenesis involves mitosis and meiosis, but oogenesis involves meiosis only.

In oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell

Which of the following occurs as a result of undescended testes? Question 25 options: Male sex hormones will not be circulated in the body. Sperm will have no means of exit from the body. Inadequate or nonviable sperm will be produced. Inadequate blood supply will retard the development of the testes.

Inadequate or nonviable sperm will be produced

The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called: Question 23 options: spermatocytes. spermatogonia. sustentacular cells. interstitial cells.

Interstitial cells

The brain-testicular axis: Question 43 options: is the tight relationship between the cortex and the control of testicular function. involves FSH and LH release. involves posterior pituitary release of regulating hormones. involves a positive feedback loop control of spermatogenesis.

Involves FSH and LH release

Spermatogenesis: Question 41 options: is the process of releasing mature sperm cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. involves a kind of cell division limited to the gametes. results in the formation of diploid cells. uses mitosis to produce gamete cells.

Involves a kind of cell division limited to the gametes

The gubernaculum: Question 42 options: is the part of the parietal peritoneum that will become the tunica vaginalis. will become the spermatic cord. is a cord that will guide the descent of the testes. will become the ductus deferens.

Is a cord that will guide the descent of the testes

Increased levels of _____ inhibits testosterone production. Sperm cells GnRH LH FSH Testosterone

LH (?? wrong)

The production of _____ inhibits estrogen production.Question 52 options: FSH LH GnRH Oxytocin Estrogen

LH (?? wrong)

The constancy of the chromosome number from one cell generation to the next is maintained through: Question 13 options: mitosis. meiosis. cytokinesis. DNA synthesis.

Meiosis

The most important risk for testicular cancer in young males is: Question 4 options: smoking. a diet high in fat. nondescent of the testes. sexually transmitted diseases.

Nondescent of the testes

The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to: Question 2 options: gravity. peristaltic contractions. enzymatic activity. hormonal action.

Peristaltic contractions

Secretion of progesterone stimulates: contraction of uterine muscles. preparation of the mammary glands for lactation. secretory activity of the uterine myometrium. development of the female secondary sex characteristics.

Preparation of the mammary glands for lactation

The seminal vesicles: Question 40 options: produce a yellowish fluid rich in fructose. produce about 90% of the volume of semen. encircle the upper part of the urethra. attach at the base of the penis.

Produce a yellowish fluid rich in fructose

_____ causes vascularization of the uterus.Question 34 options: FSH LH Estrogen Progesterone GnRH

Progesterone

During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle: Question 32 options: LH reaches its highest levels. progesterone levels are at their highest. estrogen reaches its highest levels. the Graafian follicle forms.

Progesterone levels are at their highest

The primary function of the uterus is to: Question 8 options: protect the ovaries. synthesize female hormones. regulate the ovarian and menstrual cycles. receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum.

Receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum

Development of male reproductive structures depends on which of the following events? Question 7 options: that the female hormones are suppressed during pregnancy the suppression of inhibin secretion of male hormones prenatally and lasting into the first few months after birth that human gonadotropin be synthesized in the first week of the pregnancy

Secretion of male hormones prenatally and lasting into the first few months after birth

What mechanism divides the testes into lobules? Question 34 options: interstitial spaces seminiferous tubules the ductus deferens septal extensions of the tunica albuginea

Septal extensions of the tunica albuginea

The testicular cells that construct the blood-testis barrier are the: Question 24 options: spermatocytes. spermatogonia. sustentacular cells. interstitial cells.

Sustentacular cells

_____ forms a chancre.Question 53 options: Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphilis Genital herpes Trichomoniasis

Syphilis

Select the correct statement about mammary glands. Question 31 options: Mammary glands are modified sebaceous glands. They have functional, milk-producing, simple alveolar glands. The breasts of most nonpregnant females are composed of fat and connective tissue. The pigmented area around the nipple is called the perineum.

The breasts of most nonpregnant females are composed of fat and connective tissue

The ability of a male to ejaculate is due to the action of: Question 3 options: detumescence. the dartos muscle. luteinizing hormone. the bulbospongiosus muscles.

The bulbospongiosus muscles

Which of the following will occur after ovulation? Question 39 options: The corpus luteum secretes estrogen only. The endometrium enters its secretory phase. The secretion of anterior pituitary gonadotropins is enhanced. The corpus luteum prepares to become a corpus albicans.

The endometrium enters its secretory phase

The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization, are called: Question 10 options: the Graafian follicles. the fallopian tubes. the infundibula. the fimbriae.

The fallopian tubes

Occasionally three polar bodies are found clinging to the mature ovum. One came from an unequal division of the ovum, but from where did the other two arise? Question 38 options: There were originally four polar bodies and one disappeared. One is an undeveloped primary oocyte that failed to mature. The first polar body has also divided to produce two polar bodies. What you really see are two polar bodies and the sperm that will fertilize the egg.

The first polar body has also divided to produce two polar bodies

Spermiogenesis involves: Question 15 options: the formation of four haploid cells from a spermatogonium. the movement of sperm in the female genital tract. the formation of a functional sperm by the stripping away of superfluous cytoplasm. the sequence of events in the seminiferous tubules.

The formation of a functional sperm by the stripping away of superfluous cytoplasm

Which of the following constitutes the female counterpart of the male scrotum? Question 11 options: the clitoris the greater vestibular glands the labia majora the mons pubis

The labia majora

Which of the following statements is true concerning the mammary glands of both males and females? Question 35 options: Both sexes are equally prone to breast cancer. All lumps identified in breast tissue are malignant. The only time hormones target breast tissue is during pregnancy and lactation. The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system.

The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system

Characteristics of the mature sperm include: the presence of two X chromosomes in approximately half the sperm. the presence of Y chromosomes in approximately half the sperm. the absence of an acrosome. the absence of coiled mitochondria.

The presence of Y chromosomes in approximately half the sperm

The corpus luteum is: Question 9 options: the ruptured follicle following the ejection of an oocyte from the ovary. the ovarian ligament that anchors the ovary medially to the uterus. the mesovarium. part of the uterine tube.

The ruptured follicle following the ejection of an oocyte from the ovary

Which of the following glands are responsible for 60% of the synthesis of semen? Question 5 options: the seminal vesicles the bulbourethral glands the prostate the pituitary

The seminal vesicles

Select the correct statement about the testis. Question 28 options: The testis is surrounded by the tunica vaginalis. Each lobule of the testis contains 4-8 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules. The interstitial cells are responsible for sperm cell maturation and also form the blood-testis barrier. The Sertoli cells secrete testosterone.

The testis is surrounded by the tunica vaginalis

Which of the following statements about sperm is not true? Question 22 options: They contain very little cytoplasm or stored nutrients. They are sluggish in an alkaline environment. The acrosome is produced by the Golgi apparatus and contains hydrolytic enzymes. The sperm midpiece consists of Golgi bodies spiraled tightly around the contractile filaments of the tail.

They are sluggish in an alkaline environment (?? wrong)

Human egg and sperm are similar in that: Question 12 options: about the same number of each is produced per month. they have the same degree of motility. they have the same number of chromosomes. they are about the same size.

They have the same number of chromosomes

The dartos and cremaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about the role they play? Question 1 options: They contract to push sperm along the ductus deferens. They regulate the temperature of the testes. They are responsible for penile erection. They contract to allow ejaculation

They regulate the temperature of the testes

______ is an infection from a protozoan that normally inhabits the vagina.Question 56 options: Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphilis Genital herpes Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis

True or False: IUD's prevent the zygote from implanting in the uterus.Question 48 options: True False

True

True or False: To help prevent pregnancy, intercourse should be avoided day 14-17 of the ovarian cycleQuestion 49 options: True False

True

The ____________ contains the enzymes that aid the sperm in penetration of the egg. mitochondria acrosome midpiece tail nucleus

acrosome

A patient with prostate cancer usually exhibits: reduction in size of the gland as the gland is destroyed by cancer cells an increased production of prostatic secretions an increased production of sperm cells an increased production of testosterone an increased production of PSA

an increased production of PSA

The first day of the menstrual cycle is characterized by:Question 37 options: ovulation surge of FSH bleeding HCG production by the egg graafian production

bleeding

The _____ gland is a paired gland that secretes a fluid for lubrication. bulbourethral prostate seminal Leydig

bulbourethral

_____ has the best statistical record to prevent pregnancy.Question 51 options: oral contraception The rhythm method condom jellies, creams diaphragm

condom (?? wrong)

The _______ muscle in the spermatic cord moves the testes closer or further from the body. dartos massetor cremaster corpora cavernosa corpora spongiosia

cremaster

For an erection to occur, penile arteries _____ under control of the _____ nervous system. dilate; sympathetic dilate; parasympathetic constrict; sympathetic constrict; parasympathetic

dilate; parasympathetic

Sperm cells mature in the _____. prostate gland seminal vessicle vas deferens bulbourethral gland nursery epididymis

epididymis

A tightly coiled tube attached to the outside of the testes is the _____. vas deferens seminal vesicles epididymys seminiferous tubules

epididymys

The corpus luteum secretes:Question 36 options: oxytocin estrogen and progesterone HCG FSH and LH GnRH

estrogen and progesterone

If pregnancy occurs:Question 38 options: FSH and LH continues to be produced the corpus luteum disintegrates estrogen levels fall off while progesterone levels rise HCG inhibits FSH and LH production estrogen and progesterone continue to be produced

estrogen and progesterone continue to be produced

Fertilization usually occurs in the _____.Question 45 options: vagina upper 1/3 of the uterus fallopian tube space between the uterine tube and the ovary cervix

fallopian tube

Testosterone: stimulates testosterone secretion initiates spermatogenesis initiates physical expression of male secondary sex characteristics

initiates physical expression of male secondary sex characteristics

FSH: stimulates testosterone secretion initiates spermatogenesis initiates physical expression of male secondary sex characteristics

initiates spermatogenesis

Testosterone is produced by the _____ . sertoli cells cells lining the seminiferous tubules interstitial cells of Leydig sperm cells epididymis

interstitial cells of Leydig

The corpus luteum:Question 40 options: resides in the uterus nourishes the developing zygote accompanies the egg to aid implantation causes menstruation resides in the ovary

nourishes the developing zygote (?? wrong) resides in the ovary

A gonad by definition is the _____. ovary only testes only uterus and penis ovary and testes ovary, testes, uterus and penis

ovary and testes

An episiotomy is an incision_____.Question 46 options: anterior to the vagina posterior to the vagina lateral to the cervix anterior to the perineum posterior to the perineum

posterior to the vagina

GnRH is....Question 32 options: produced by the ovary produced by the pituitary gland produced by the hypothalamus produced by the cerebrum produced by the adrenal gland

produced by the hypothalamus

Estrogen is....Question 30 options: produced by the ovary produced by the pituitary gland produced by the hypothalamus produced by the cerebrum

produced by the ovary

Progesterone is:Question 31 options: produced by the ovary produced by the pituitary gland produced by the hypothalamus produced by the cerebrum

produced by the ovary

FSH is....Question 29 options: produced by the ovary produced by the pituitary gland produced by the hypothalamus produced by the cerebrum produced by the adrenal gland

produced by the pituitary gland

Estrogen:Question 26 options: promotes ovulation promotes development of the ovarian follicle promotes development of secondary sex characteristics stimulates uterine lining to become more vascular and glandular

promotes development of secondary sex characteristics

FSH: promotes ovulation promotes development of the ovarian follicle promotes development of secondary sex characteristics stimulates uterine lining to become more vascular and glandular

promotes development of the ovarian follicle

LH:Question 25 options: promotes ovulation promotes development of the ovarian follicle promotes development of secondary sex characteristics stimulates uterine lining to become more vascular and glandular

promotes ovulation

The gland that surrounds the urethra is the _____ gland. bulbourethral prostate seminal Leydig

prostate

A sack like structure that is attached to the vas deferens just before entering the prostate gland is the _____. epididymis vas deferens seminal vessicle prostate gland bulbouretrhal gland

prostate gland (?? wrong) seminal vessicle

FSH is: released by the thalamus released by the hypothalamus released by the anterior pituitary gland released by the posterior pituitary gland released by the testes or ovaries

released by the anterior pituitary gland

LH is: released by the thalamus released by the hypothalamus released by the anterior pituitary gland released by the posterior pituitary gland released by the testes or ovaries

released by the anterior pituitary gland

GnRH is: released by the thalamus released by the hypothalamus released by the anterior pituitary gland released by the posterior pituitary gland released by the testes or ovaries

released by the hypothalamus

LH: stimulates testosterone secretion initiates spermatogenesis initiates physical expression of male secondary sex characteristics

stimulates testosterone secretion

Progesterone:Question 27 options: promotes ovulation promotes development of the ovarian follicle promotes development of secondary sex characteristics stimulates uterine lining to become more vascular and glandular

stimulates uterine lining to become more vascular and glandular

The muscular tube that transports sperm is the ..... epididymis vas deferns seminal vesicle prostate gland bulbourethral gland

vas deferens

HCG is produced by the:Question 41 options: ovary pituitary gland zygote corpus luteum hypothalamus

zygote