Research Quizzes Combined

9. When choosing appropriate software for systematic review, which of the following is not a primary consideration? a. Appropriateness for data b. Appropriateness for intended use c. Appropriateness for analysis d. Appropriateness for calculation

d. Appropriateness for calculation

2. Which of the following is not a defined advantage of CBPR: a. Gives power to the community b. Reduces separation for culture c. Strengthens efforts d. Develops a cultural gap

d. Develops a cultural gap

1. A review of literature can include which of the following? I. Journal articles II. Dissertations III. Presentations IV. Government documents a. I, II, III b. I, III, IV c. I, II, IV d. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III, IV

12. Which of the following can be found in consent for a clinical trial? I. Procedures II. Expected benefits III. Reasons for termination IV. Access to records a. I, II b. I, II, III c. I, III, IV d. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III, IV

17. Research can occur in the: I. Laboratory II. Classroom III. Office IV. Society a. I and II b. I, II, III c. I, II, IV d. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III, IV

3. Which of the following are the listed qualitative designs? I. Action-oriented community groups II. Focus groups III. Photovoice IV. In-depth interviews a. I, II b. II, III, c. I, II, IV d. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III, IV

7. Which of the following are types of systematic review? I. Meta-analysis II. Integrative review III. Scoping review IV. Review of reviews a. I, II, III b. I, III, IV c. II, III, IV d. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III, IV

8. The "I" in PICO stands for: a. Integration b. Interest c. Intent d. Intervention

d. Intervention

2. Which of the following is characteristic of internet/web-based surveys? a. Ensures anonymity b. Expensive c. Limits respondent bias d. Limits investigator time

d. Limits investigator time

6. The methods section includes all but except: a. Subjects b. Instrumentation use c. Procedures performed d. Literature review

d. Literature review

3. Which of the following is not a common database for research? a. CINAHL b. ERIC c. Web of science d. MDPLED

d. MDPLED

29. All of the following are Investigator responsibilities except: a. Follow the regulations b. Supervise compliance c. Protect participants d. Modify IRB approval

d. Modify IRB approval

13. What does the dash line ---- indicate in the pre-experimental designs? a. An Error b. Controlling Bias c. Validity d. Not equivalent

d. Not equivalent

25. What does PI mean in research? a. Private Investigator b. Personal Interview c. Personal Investigator d. Principle Investigator

d. Principle Investigator

8. What type of data is blood pressure? a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval d. Ratio

d. Ratio

14. Which area of the evidence pyramid represents articles that discuss the types of research that are most time- consuming, objective, and clinically relevant? A. Case series b. Case control studies c. Cohort studies d. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses

d. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses

26. To approve research, the IRB must determine that it does which of the following? a. Participant risks are minimized b. Risks are reasonable c. Subject selection is equitable d. All of the above

d. All of the above

30. For each research problem you should ask __________? a. What can be done? b. What is known? c. What is not known? d. All of the above

d. All of the above

4. Contents of a clinical review may include a. Patient education b. Prevention c. Alternative treatment d. All of the above

d. All of the above

6. In-depth interviews can be: a. Unstructured b. Structured c. Semi-structured d. All of the above

d. All of the above

12. Which of the following is not a defined step in the review process? a. Define and plan b. Bibliographic database searches c. Appraisal d. Amalgamate sources

d. Amalgamate sources

12. What are the principle investigator's responsibilities? !. Reporting unanticipated problems II. Inactivation of research III. Checking in with ORB monthly until research is complete IV. Tracking adverse events A. I, II, III B. I, III, IV C. I, II, IV D. All the above

D. All of the above

6. Which is not a role of systematic review? I. It provides a more comprehensive view II. It organizes evidence for decision making III. It assigns value to the top studies IV. It identifies research gaps

III. It assigns value to the top studies

8. Write a brief explanation of the difference between each of the phase of drug studies. Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV

Phase I: In humans Phase II: Small sample Phase III: Larger population Phase IV: Post release "post marketing"

11. Which study examines data that already exist? a. Prospective studies b. Retrospective studies c. Analytic Studies d. Descriptive Studies

b. Retrospective studies

5. What is the general size of a focus group? a. 6-10 people b. 10-15 people c. 50 people and above d. None of the above

a. 6-10 people

18. Pure research is... a. Abstract and general, concerned with generating new theory b. Performed in the clinical setting c. Where manipulation of one variable to see its effect on another variable, while controlling for as many factors as possible d. All of the above

a. Abstract and general, concerned with generating new theory

2. A review may provide insight into _____________. a. Areas of controversy b. IRB oversight practices c. Overwriting d. All of the above

a. Areas of controversy

5. Which type of statistics is used to present demographic data? a. Descriptive b. Inferential c. Inductive d. Combined Multivariate

a. Descriptive

13. The literature review will provide all of the following except: a. Determine current knowledge b. Validate your hypothesis or null-hypothesis c. Provide an overview d. Identify areas of controversy

a. Determine current knowledge

1. CBPR's definition involves shared: I. Ownership II. Decision-making III. Resources IV. Outcomes a. I and II b. II and III c. I, II, III d. I, III, IV

a. I and II

10. Which of the following should you save and document when doing a systematic review? I. Database name II. Years covered III. Limits applied IV. Article format a. I, II, III b. I, III, IV c. II, III, IV d. I, II, III, IV

a. I, II, III

1. What is the main disadvantage of survey research? a. Inability to establish causality b. Cost c. Duration to completion d. Limited sampling scheme

a. Inability to establish causality

5. The most powerful statistical tests are those that use ____________ and ___________ data from well-designed studies. a. Interval and ratio b. Trial and error c. Code and synthesize d. Surveys and categories

a. Interval and ratio

8. What type of research is most controlled? a. Laboratory b. Descriptive c. Experimental d. Applied

a. Laboratory

7. The first task in the CBPR process requires the development of: a. Networking b. Trust c. Relationship maintenance d. Partnership negotiation

a. Networking

10. Which of the following is generally considered a "secondary source"? a. Newspapers b. Journal articles c. Conference presentations d. Dissertations

a. Newspapers

27. Which of the following is not a type of review? a. Not research b. Exempt from review c. Advised to review d. Full IRB review

a. Not research

9. Assessing absorption, distribution and excretion is assessed during which phase of a clinical trial? a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. Phase IV

a. Phase I

6. Which of the following databases contains dissertations and theses? a. Proquest b. Medicine c. Google books d. Web of Science

a. Proquest

6. What is examined if there is a significant interaction found using factorial ANOVA? a. Separate effects b. Simple main effects c. No effects d. All effects

b. Simple main effects

4. Which of the following represents the classis Likert scale? a. Strongly agree, Agree, Neutral, Disagree, Strongly Disagree b. Check all that apply c. Rate the items using 1= Preferred, 2= Acceptable, 3= Not Preferred d. Rank the items in order of importance from 1 to 10

a. Strongly agree, Agree, Neutral, Disagree, Strongly Disagree

23. The concepts of informed consent, assessment of risks and benefits and equitable selection of subjects was developed by: a. The application of the Belmont Report b. The IRB scope and practice revision c. The Research Regulation Advisory Council d. None of the above

a. The application of the Belmont Report

1. What type of research generates theory? a. Pure b. Experimental c. Clinical d. Applied

a. pure

15. What is a type of regulated research? a. Surveys b. Clinical trials c. Chart reviews d. Quality management

b. Clinical trials

5. What type of research includes trend analysis? a. Laboratory b. Descriptive c. Experimental d. Applied

b. Descriptive

5. Systematic review is a method where studies are ___________________ I. Collected II. Synthesized III. Judged IV. Assessed a. I, II, III b. I, II, IV c. II, III, IV d. All of the above

b. I, II, IV

21. What does IRB stand for? a. Institutional Recording Board b. Institutional Review Board c. Institutional Responsibility Board d. Institutional Research Board

b. Institutional Review Board

24. Two questions to help identify activities as human-subject research include, "are human subjects involved?" and _________________. a. Is this systematic investigation? b. Is this regulated research? c. Is this quantitatively measurable? d. Is this justifiable?

b. Is this regulated research?

9. Which methodology study is characterized by the design O X O? a. Time series b. One group pretest-posttest c. Posttest-only group d. Static group comparison

b. One group pretest-posttest

1. Which of the following is the simplest measure of variability? a. Mean b. Range c. Standard deviation d. Mode

b. Range

3. What type of data is blood alcohol level? a. Nominal b. Ratio c. Interval d. Ordinal

b. Ratio

3. What is not a part of the follow-up process a. Add or use language that will encourage a response b. The survey instrument must be well designed in its content c. Must be private and protected from outside eyes d. Have enough information for the recipient to identify the survey

b. The survey instrument must be well designed in its content

2. What is the main goal of the IRB? a. assists the researcher with design of the study b. ensures the protection of the study participants c. reviews the final study report for errors d. send members to investigate possible fraudulent study activities

b. ensures the protection of the study participants

4. When using a t-test, what is the suggested minimum number of individuals per group? a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20

c. 15

3. What type of research evaluated the therapeutic results? a. Pure b. Experimental c. Clinical d. Applied

c. Clinical

11. Which of the following reviews may contain a case series? a. Systematic Review b. Meta Review c. Clinical Review d. Peer Review

c. Clinical Review

20. All are categories or types of research except __________________. a. Pure b. Applied c. Cohen's kappa d. Clinical

c. Cohen's kappa

7. What type of research included double-blind random assignment control groups? a. Laboratory b. Descriptive c. Experimental d. Applied

c. Experimental

2. Which of the following tests should be used when more than two groups are categorized using more than one independent variable called covariates? a. Paired t-test b. One-way ANOVA c. Factorial ANOVA d. Hotelling's T squared

c. Factorial ANOVA d. Hotelling's T squared

12. What are the two broad categories of threats to internal validity I. Hypothesis II. Applied III. Temporal and Time-based effects IV. Null-hypothesis V. Measurement effects a. I and IV b. I, II, and III c. III and V d. II, III, and V

c. III and V

9. Which of the following conditions is most important when generating a research question? a. Universality b. Uniqueness c. Measurability d. Acceptability

c. Measurability

7. What is defined as a process of using statistical integration of the results of several studies to reach an independent conclusion? a. Paired t-test b. Factorial ANOVA c. Meta-analysis d. Descriptive statistics

c. Meta-analysis

4. ____________ is the systematic examination and appraisal of the type, depth, and scope of needs for the purpose of setting priorities. a. Quasi-experiment b. Baseline analysis c. Needs assessment d. None of the above

c. Needs assessment

28. The IRB may approve a study for a period no longer than _________. a. Three years b. Two years c. One year d. Six months

c. One year

7. Which methodology study is characterized by the design X O a. Posttest-only control group b. Counterbalanced c. One-shot case study d. Solomon four group

c. One-shot case study

11. Examples of items to code include all of the following, except: a. Population b. Design c. Outlook d. Interventions

c. Outlook

10. Which trial phase is the main data source for FDA approval process? a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. Phase IV

c. Phase III

11. Special populations, such as children or the elderly, are included in this phase of clinical trials: a. Phase Ib b. Phase IIb c. Phase IIIb d. Phase Ia

c. Phase IIIb

22. The Belmont Principles include all of the following except: a. Respect for persons b. Justice c. Professionalism d. Beneficence

c. Professionalism

4. Which of the following influences the approach to the problem as well as the statistical analysis of data collected? a. Hypothesis b. Null-hypothesis c. Research question

c. Research question

19. Research is a systematic, organized process that goes through a number of _______ steps. a. Abstract b. Developed c. Sequential d. Expansive

c. Sequential

10. What is the purpose of including stakeholders in the systematic review process? a. To ensue rigorous research standards are met b. To obtain expert knowledge on the topic reviewed c. To increase the chance for wide-reaching effect d. To reduce the workload by distributing the effort

c. To increase the chance for wide-reaching effect