Respiratory system

The nasal mucosa is made of what kind of tissue

Pseudostratified ciliates columnar epithelium

inner lining of tracheal wall contains what type of tissue?

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

The nasopharynx contains what type of epithelium? A. Stratified squamous B. Simple cubodial C. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Pseudostratified squamous epithelium

The larynx contains ________ cartilages. A) 14 B) 6 C) 9 D) 2 E) 5

c. 9

This tube carries air down to the windpipe. A. Larynx B. Sinuses C. Pharynx

c. pharynx

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the: A. Upper respiratory tract B. Lower respiratory tract C. Lungs D. Alveoli E. Bronchioles

upper respiratory tract

Urine is carried to the urinary bladder by

ureters

Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day.

180

aproximately ____ liters of filtrate enter the glomerular capsule each day A. 180 B. 480 C. 1.8 D18

180

Carbon Dioxide Transport _________ as bicarbonate ions __________ bound to hemoglobin _________ dissolved in plasma

70% as bicarbonate ion 23% bound to hemoglobin 7% dissolved in plasma

squamous cell carcinoma is a form of lung cancer that begins in ____ A. Epithelium of bronchi B. Pulmonary lymph nodes C. Squamous type 1 cells D mucous glands of bronchi E. Respiratory bronchioles

A. Epithelium of bronchi

The ______ is shared by the respiratory and digestive system A. Pharynx B. Esophagus C. Trachea D. Windpipe E. Right main stem bronchi

A. Pharynx

98.5% of O2 is bound to ____________ and 1.5% is bound to _____________

A. Plasma and bicarbonate ions B. Hemoglobin and plasma C. Proteins and plasma

Which of the following is not included in the upper respiratory tract A. Alveoli B. Pharynx C. Larynx D. Upper trachea E. Nose and nasal cavities

Alveoli

The difference between the amount of air you normally inhale with each breath and the amount you can inhale with maximum effort is: A. Inspiration reserve volume B. Maximum inspiratory volume C. Vital capacity D. Residual volume E. Maximum breathing capacity

B. Maximum inspiratory volume

Carbonic acid formula

CO2+H2O=H2CO3-> HCO3 +h

inadequate pulmonary gas exchange can be called A. Hypoxemia hypoxia B. Ischemic hypoxia C. Anemic hypoxia D. Hypoxia E. Histotoxic hypoxia

Hypoxemic hypoxia

A deficiency of oxygen in a tissue or the inability to use oxygen is known as A. Hypoxemia hypoxia B. Ischemic hypoxia C. Anemic hypoxia D. Hypoxia E. Histotoxic hypoxia

Hypoxia

What structure prevents food from traveling down the trachea

Epiglottis

Which of the following functions to keep food out of the airways A. Glottis B. Trachea C. Vestibular folds D. Intrinsic muscles E. Epiglottis

Epiglottis

In a situation where the respiratory bronchioles become inflamed and narrowed such as seen in asthma, which aspect of respiration would be most mechanically impaired? A. Normal expiration B. Forced expiration C. Forced inhalation D. Normal inhalation

Forced expiration

Name the 4 functions of the respiratory system

Gas exchange Communication Olfaction Acid-base balance

What muscles operate vocal cords? A. Extrinsic muscles B. Smooth muscle C. Intrinsic muscle

Intrinsic muscles

Inadequate circulation of blood like COPD is called A. Hypoxemia hypoxia B. Ischemic hypoxia C. Anemic hypoxia D. Hypoxia E. Histotoxic hypoxia

Ischemic hypoxia

Which part of the respiratory tract contains the epiglottis? A. Bronchi B. Pharynx C. Larynx D. Nasopharynx E. Trachea

Larynx

The bronchioles are lined _______ and _______.

Lined with smooth muscle and mucous membranes.

The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of

Loop of Henle and collecting duct

The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of A PCT B DCT C collecting duct D nephron loop E loope of henle and collecting duct

Loop of henle and collecting duct

This type of lung cancer is slow growing. A. Adenocarcinoma B. Squamous cell carcinoma C. Small cell carcinoma

Squamous cell/epidermoid.

The oropharynx has what type of tissue

Stratified squamous epithelium

Why are the rings of cartilage surrounding the trachea C-shaped?

The C rings of cartilage allow the esophagus to expand during swallowing, allow the trachea to change diameter during breathing, and keep the trachea patent (open).

The vocal chords are controlled by the movement of _________ cartilages A arytenoid B thyroid and arytenoid C thyroid D thyroid and cricoid

Thyroid and cricoid

The vocal cords are controlled by the movement of _______ cartilages A. Arytenoid and corniculate B. Thyroid and arytenoid C. Thyroid D. Thyroid and cricoid

Thyroid and cricoid

Surfactant is a lipoprotein mixture of phospholipids, proteins, and calcium ions produced by alveolar epithelial cells. A. True B. False

True

Lymph tissue and lymph nodes that protect the body from infection A. Adenoids and tonsils B. Alveoli and sinuses C. Bronchi and trachea

adenoids and tonsils

This type of lung cancer is the most frequent histologic type in women and nonsmokers. A. Adenocarcinoma B. Squamous cell carcinoma C. Small cell carcinoma

adenocarcinoma

Urine passes, in the order given, through which of the following structures?

collecting duct, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra

The nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx constitute the ________ portion of the airway. A. Conducting B. Exchange C. Respiratory D. Sinus E. Primary

conducting

Agents that increase urine excretion are known as A diuretics B muscarinic antagonist C calcium channel blockers D ADH antagonist

diuretics

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the

efferent arteriole

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the A afferent arteriole B efferent arteriole C vasa recta D interlobular arteriole E renal vein

efferent arteriole

The filtration barrier in the renal corpuscle consists of three layers

endothelium of glomerulus, dense layer of glomerulus, and podocyte filtration slits

metabolic poisons such as cyanide prevent the tissues from using oxygen delivered to them A. Hypoxemia hypoxia B. Ischemic hypoxia C. Anemic hypoxia D. Hypoxia E. Histotoxic hypoxia

histotoxic hypoxia

Renal vein drains into

inferior vena cava

The renal veins drain into the

inferior vena cava

The vocal cords are located in the A. Larynx B. Pharynx C. Epiglottis D. Bronchi

larynx

The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles all make up the: A upper respiratory tract B. Lower respiratory tract C. Internal respiratory tract D. Alveoli of respiratory tract E. Respiratory mucosa

lower respiratory tract

Which part of the respiratory system carries out gas exchange?

lungs

Hemoglobin has a tendency to release oxygen where __________.

pH is more acidic

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the: A. Larynx B. Glottis C. Vestibule D. Pharynx E. Trachea

pharynx

The outermost layer of the kidney is the A cortex B medulla C Major calyx D fibrous capsule E renal pelvis

renal cortex

This type of lung cancer is very fast growing. A. Adenocarcinoma B. Squamous cell carcinoma C. Small cell carcinoma

small cell

Most of the wall of an alveolus consists of _____. Cells that wander the lumens of the alveoli and surrounding connective tissue are called _____.

squamous (type I) alveolar cells; alveolar macrophages

The great alveolar cells secrete a phospholipid-protein mixture called __________.

surfactant

squamous alveolar cells are

thin, broad cells that allow for rapid gas diffusion between alveolus and bloodstream