Respiratory System chapter 14

Which acid-base imbalance would be expected in a patient who has been having acute diarrhea for more than 24 hours?

Metabolic acidosis

Which condition may result in metabolic acidosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

-Starvation -Prolonged diarrhea

Which cause is associated with the development of metabolic acidosis because of an overproduction of hydrogen ions? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

- Diabetic ketoacidosis - Salicylate intoxication - Excessive fasting for 30 days

Which condition can cause metabolic acidosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

-Diarrhea -Liver failure -Kidney failure

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse likely assess in a patient with metabolic alkalosis?

-Numbness around the mouth -Hyperactivity of deep tendon reflexes

Which factor contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct

-Reported heavy alcohol consumption -Chronic cirrhosis of the liver with liver failure -Seizure in the ambulance on the way to the hospital

A patient admitted to the emergency department is in acute respiratory distress syndrome and has an arterial blood gas drawn. Which finding would explain the laboratory value of a pH of 7.31?

Acidosis in response to the excessive retention of carbon dioxide

Kussmaul respiration would be seen as a compensatory mechanism with which situation?

Aspirin overdose

Which prescribed treatment would the nurse administer to a patient admitted for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) whose laboratory values reveal a pH of 7.29 with a decreased partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) and an elevated partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2)?

Bronchodilator therapy

Which change would indicate that a patient with impaired kidney function is in metabolic acidosis?

Decrease in serum bicarbonate level

The nurse obtains laboratory results for a patient that show the following: pH 7.24; bicarbonate 20; partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) 82; and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 35. These findings are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?

Metabolic acidosis

Which goal must the patient with diabetes mellitus strive for to decrease the risk for acid-base imbalance?

Maintaining blood glucose level within normal limits

A laboratory report for a patient shows the following results: pH 7.32; bicarbonate 24 mEq/L; partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) 77 mm Hg; and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 48 mm Hg. These findings are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?

Respiratory acidosis

Laboratory results for a patient show the following: pH 7.48; bicarbonate 26; partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) 90; and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 32. These findings are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?

Respiratory alkalosis

A patient with diabetes mellitus is admitted after vomiting for several days and has rapid, deep respirations. Which process does the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient?

Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis

While the nurse is assessing a patient with metabolic acidosis, which finding supports that the patient has lactic acidosis?

Symptoms of hypoxia