Respiratory System

Functions of the nasal cavity include which of the following A)All of the answers are correct B)Humidifying the air C)trapping airborne particles D)filtering the air E)warming the air

A

The normal respiratory rate of a resting adult ranges from _____ breaths each minute, or roughly one for every four heatbeats

12 to 18

The adult human trachea is about ___in diameter and contains ___ tracheal cartilages

2.5cm; 15-20

Which structure leads to the middle ear

4

What is the function of the structures labeled "12" A)create narrow passages B)help olfaction C)cause air to swirl within the respiratory passageway D)All of the answers are correct E)improve warning or incoming air

D

Breathing through the nose rather than the mouth is advantageous because A)water loss is reduced on exhalation B)air is humidified on inhalation C)air is warmed on inhalation D)heat loss is reduced on exhalation E)All of the answers are correct

E

At the level of the alveoli, where does gas exchange occur

at the respiratory membrane

If the fluid bond between the parietal and visceral pleura is broken and the lung collapses, the resulting condition is termed

atelectasis

The term "hypercapnia" refers to

elevated PCO2

The obstructive lung disease in which most of the elastic fibers are lost, leading to collapse of alveoli and bronchioles is called

emphysema

The elastic cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing is

epiglottis

The openings to the nostrils are the

external nares

Identify the structure labeled "10"

glottis

The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by

hard palate

The _____ is a depression in the lung that allows attachment of the primary bronchi, pulmonary vessels and other structures

hilum

The condition of having low tissue oxygen levels is known as

hypoxia

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and has severe breathing difficulties. His problems result from

inability of the respiratory defense mechanism to transport mucus and production of secretions that are difficult to transport.

In quiet breathing

inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive

_______ is the amount of air that you can inhale above the respiratory tidal volume

inspiratory reserve volume

Identify the structure labeled "2"

internal nares

Absorption of O2 from blood and release of CO2 from tissue cells is known as

internal respiration

The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because

large masses of food can pass through the esophagus during swallowing

The vocal folds are located within the

larynx

Which respiratory organ features a cardiac notch

left lung

Components of the upper respiratory system include all of the following except the

lips

Secondary bronchi supply air to the

lobes of the lungs

The trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli all make up the

lower respiratory tract

The function of pulmonary ventilation is to

maintain adequate alveolar ventilation

Pulmonary ventilation refers to the

movement of air into and out of the lungs

The nasal cavity is divided into right and left portions by the

nasal septum

The auditory tubes open into the

nasopharynx

Identify the structure labeled "7"

oropharynx

The _____ extends between the soft palate and the base of the tongue at the level of the hyoid bone

oropharynx

Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system

oropharynx

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

pharynx

What branches from the trachea

primary bronchi

The technical term for "breathing" is

pulmonary ventilation

During a choking episode, most foreign objects are most likely to become lodged in the ____bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle

right primary

The glottis is

the opening to the larynx

The right lung has ______; the left lung has ______

three lobes; two lobes

The largest shield-shaped cartilage of the larynx is the _____cartilage

thyroid

The visible and palpable prominence on the throat known as the Adam's apple is part of the

thyroid cartilage

At the transition point between breaths, the amount of air in your lungs is called the

tidal volume

______ is the amount of air that moves into the respiratory system during a single respiratory cycle under resting conditions

tidal volume

The _____ extends from the larynx to the mediastinum

trachea

The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchi is the

trachea

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

upper respiratory tract

If a patient being tested inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible, the volume of air expelled would be the patient's

vital capacity

The respiratory defense system is important because it A)

All of the answers are correct

During swallowing

All of the answers are correct.

________is the most common lethal inherited disease affecting people of Northern European descent

Cystic fibrosis

Which of the following statements about the trachea is false

It is reinforced with D shaped cartilages

Which of the following is false about the pharynx

It is shared by the integumentary and respiratory systems.

The sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the

alveoli

Asthma is

an acute condition resulting from unusually sensitive, irritated conducting airways.

The most superior portion of the lung is termed the

apex

A period in which breathing has stopped, followed by a forceful expansion of air is termed

apnea

Modification of the sounds produced by the larynx is known as

articulation

Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is

bound to hemoglobin

The C in COPD stands for

chronic

External respiration involves the

diffusion of gases between the alveoli and the circulating blood