Review for Gas Law quiz
According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement explains why an ideal gas can be compressed to a smaller volume?
The gas particles are separated by great distances relative to their size.
A sample of gas confined in a cylinder with a movable piston is kept at constant pressure. The volume of the gas doubles when the temperature of the gas is changed from
200. K to 400. K
At 25ºC, gas in a rigid cylinder with a movable piston has a volume of 145 mL and a pressure of 125 kPa. Then the gas is compressed to a volume of 80. mL. What is the new pressure of the gas if the temperature is held at 25ºC?
230 kPa
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does a sample of propane behave least like an ideal gas?
250. K and 5.0 atm
A gas occupies a volume of 40.0 milliliters at 20°C. If the volume is increased to 80.0 milliliters at constant pressure, the resulting temperature will be equal to
293 K x 80ml/40ml
The volume of a gas is 4.00 liters at 293 K and constant pressure. For the volume of the gas to become 3.00 liters, the Kelvin temperature must be equal to
3.00x293/4.00
If 60. liters of hydrogen gas at 546 K is cooled to 273 K at constant pressure, the new volume of the gas will be
30. L
An ideal gas is made up of gas particles that
are in random motion
Which graph best shows the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its average kinetic energy at constant volume?
as pressure goes up average kinetic energy goes up
Which graph shows the pressure-temperature relationship expected for an ideal gas?
as pressure goes up temperature goes up
A rigid cylinder with a movable piston contains a sample of helium gas. The temperature of the gas is held constant as the piston is pulled outward. Which graph represents the relationship between the volume of the gas and the pressure of the gas?
as pressure increases volume increases
Which graph best represents the pressure-volume relationship for an ideal gas at constant temperature?
as volume remains the same pressure decreases
A real gas behaves more like an ideal gas when the gas molecules are
far apart and have weak attractive forces between them
One reason that a real gas deviates from an ideal gas is that the molecules of the real gas have
forces of attraction for each other
Which temperature change would cause the volume of a sample of an ideal gas to double when the pressure of the sample remains the same?
from 200 K to 400 K
A cylinder with a tightly fitted piston is shown in the diagram below. As the piston moves downward, the number of molecules of air in the cylinder
remains the same
A real gas differs from an ideal gas because the molecules of real gas have
some volume and some attraction for each other
A rigid cylinder with a movable piston contains a sample of hydrogen gas. At 330. K, this sample has a pressure of 150. kPa and a volume of 3.50 L. What is the volume of this sample at STP?
4.29 L
A gas has a volume of 1,400 milliliters at a temperature of 20. K and a pressure of 1.0 atm. What will be the new volume when the temperature is changed to 40. K and the pressure is changed to 0.50 atm?
5,600 mL
A sample of helium gas has a volume of 900. milliliters and a pressure of 2.50 atm at 298 K. What is the new pressure when the temperature is changed to 336 K and the volume is decreased to 450. milliliters?
5.64 atm
At which temperature and pressure will a sample of neon gas behave most like an ideal gas?
500. K and 2.0 atm
A cylinder with a movable piston contains a sample of gas having a volume of 6.0 liters at 293 K and 1.0 atmosphere. What is the volume of the sample after the gas is heated to 303 K, while the pressure is held at 1.0 atmosphere?
6.2 L
The table below shows data for the temperature, pressure, and volume of four gas samples. Which two gas samples have the same total number of molecules?
A and C
Which statement describes particles of an ideal gas, based on the kinetic molecular theory?
Gas particles have no attractive forces between them.
Which sample of argon gas has the same number of atoms as a 100.-milliliter sample of helium gas at 1.0 atm and 300. K?
100. mL at 1.0 atm and 300. K
Which set of values represents standard pressure and standard temperature?
101.3 kPa and 0°C
What volume will a 300.-milliliter sample of a gas at STP occupy when the pressure is doubled at constant temperature?
150. ml
At STP, which gas sample has the same number of molecules as 2.0 liters of CH4(g) at STP?
2.0 liters of O2(g)
Which 5.0-milliliter sample of NH3 will take the shape of and completely fill a closed 100.0-milliliter container?
NH3(g)
Standard temperature and a pressure of 0.5 atmosphere are equal to
0°C and 51.6 kPa
According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement describes the particles in a sample of an ideal gas?
The motion of the gas particles is random and straight-line.
According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement describes the particles in a sample of an ideal gas?
The particles are considered to have negligible volume.
The kinetic molecular theory states that all particles of an ideal gas are
in random, constant, straight-line motion
As the space between molecules in a gas sample decreases, the tendency for the behavior of this gas to deviate from the ideal gas laws
increases
A real gas behaves least like an ideal gas under the conditions of
low temperature and high pressure
Compared to a 1.0-L sample of CO2(g) in a sealed, rigid container at STP, a 1.0-L sample of CH4(g) in a sealed, rigid container at STP has the same
number of molecules
Each stoppered flask below contains 2 liters of a gas at STP. Each gas sample has the same
number of molecules