Review for Test 2
The temperature of melting ice is
0°C. 32°F.
A gun with a muzzle velocity of 100 m/s is fired horizontally from a tower. Neglecting air resistance, how far downrange will the bullet be 1 s later?
100 m
The heat of vaporization of ethyl alcohol Lv is about 200 cal/g. That means that 1 gram of this refrigerant upon vaporization would release
200 calories.
Ignoring air resistance, what maximum speed can be given to a horizontally moving tennis ball as it clears the net 1.25 m high to remain within the edge of the court, which is 12.0 m from the bottom of the net?
24.0 m/s
With no air resistance, a projectile fired at 50° has the same range as if it were fired at
40°
A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff. One second after leaving your hand it drops a vertical distance of
5 m
On which temperature scale is 0 degrees the freezing point of water?
Celsius
If the Sun were twice as massive
Earth's pull on the Sun would double. its pull on the Earth would double.
Which will stay cooler for a longer time in a picnic cooler on a hot summer day?
Jello
Wobbles in the path of Uranus led to the discovery of
Neptune.
A dropped ball gains speed because
a gravitational force acts on it
The gush of steam that issues from the escape valve of a pressure cooker is relatively cool
above the opening where vapor is visible.
When a solid is changed to a liquid phase, the solid
absorbs energy.
Glass in a florist's greenhouse acts as a one-way valve by
allowing high-frequency waves to enter and blocking low-frequency waves from exiting.
If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for warmth, you would be warmer in
an igloo.
A bullet fired from a rifle begins to fall
as soon as it leaves the barrel.
When boiling your breakfast eggs while in the mountains, to compensate for altitude you should
boil the eggs for a longer time.
A ball rolls off the edge of a table at the same time another ball drops vertically from the same table. The ball to hit the floor first is the
both hit at the same time
A hunter fires a bullet from a horizontally—held rifle while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the side of the rifle. The bullet to hit the ground first is
both hit at the same time
Conduction has most to do with electrons and atoms
bumping into one another
The dew that forms on a cold soda can when taken from a refrigerator is due to
condensation.
What normally occurs in a saucer of water placed on your table is
condensation. evaporation.
We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are
condensing on our bodies.
Coastal winds that shift from night to day illustrate
convection.
Blow on your hand and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and your breath is
cool
Pigs wallow in mud mainly to
cool themselves by evaporation.
The specific heat capacity of aluminum is more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the wire to heat up quickest will be
copper
Which will cool a drink faster?
crushed ice
A rock is thrown upward at 50° with respect to the horizontal. As it rises, its vertical component of velocity
decreases
As a hot iron ring cools, the diameter of the hole
decreases
In walking barefoot on red-hot coals, to prevent bits of coal sticking to your feet, it would be safer if your feet are
dry
When water boils, energy added to the water is counteracted by
energy carried away by steam.
When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and occupy more space, which results in thermal
expansion
The operation of a bimetallic strip relies on differences in
expansions of metals.
The addition of salt to water affects its
freezing point
A good absorber of radiation is a
good emitter of radiation.
A poor conductor of heat is a
good insulator
The Sun is spherical due to
gravitation
According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects, the
greater the gravitational force between them.
Both heavy and light molecules make up a sample of gas. On average, the slower molecules are the
heavy ones
The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has mainly to do with water's
high specific heat capacity.
Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has
higher temperature, but less thermal energy.
The higher the temperature of an object, the
higher the frequency of emitted radiation.
In a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, the faster molecules on average are
hydrogen.
The temperature at which water freezes is the same as the temperature at which
ice melts.
If a pizza absorbs more energy than it emits, its temperature
increases
When air is compressed, its temperature
increases
Glass is largely opaque to
infrared light
Which of the following normally warms up faster when heat is applied?
iron
Your bare feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug
is a better insulator than tile.
An outcome of universal gravitation is that
it provided prediction and discovery of planets. planets aren't cubes with sharp corners. its discovery prompted other laws of nature.
If a room is cold it is due to a
lack of adequate thermal energy
When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is
less than at sea level.
Hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation, which indicates that the specific heat capacity of sand is
less than for plants.
Which moves faster in a gas at the same temperature?
light molecules
The main reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet involves
low conductivity of the coals.
A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a
low specific heat capacity
When salt is introduced to ice, the temperature at which melting occurs is
lowered
Why doesn't the Moon fall toward Earth like apples do?
moon does fall but due to its tangential motion it also falls around Earth
If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be
more likely to freeze.
The overflow of gasoline from a car's full metal tank on a hot day is evidence that gasoline expands
more than metal
When a metal ring with a gap in the shape of the letter C is cooled, the gap becomes
narrower.
Which of these are good conductors?
none of the above (feathers,snow,wood)
Sublimation is a change of phase from solid to gas without
passing through the liquid phase.
A good reflector of radiation is a
poor absorber of radiation
A good heat conductor is a
poor insulator
Increased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to
prevent boiling
An infrared thermometer operates by way of
radiant energy invisible to humans
The planet Earth loses heat primarily by
radiation
Air resistance on a high-speed projectile shortens its
range. maximum height.
The interior of a greenhouse emits long-wavelength radiation due to its
relatively low temperature.
As water changes to ice, water molecules
release energy
To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water
releases a lot of energy in cooling. absorbs a lot of energy for an increase in temperature. requires a lot of energy for an increase in temperature.
When a gas is changed to a liquid phase, the gas
releases energy
Steam burns are much more damaging than boiling-water burns because steam
releases more thermal energy
As a bowling ball that rolls off the edge of a table falls, its horizontal component of motion
remains constant.
The higher the temperature of an object, the
shorter the wavelengths it radiates.
To minimize heat loss it is best that a teapot be
silver
Which will cool faster when removed from a furnace?
silver
If you keep decreasing the kinetic energy of atoms in a liquid, the liquid may
solidify.
To say you can never change only one thing means that when you change something,
some other thing or things change.
San Francisco has milder winters than Washington D.C. due to water's high
specific heat capacity.
Newton discovered
that gravity is universal
The white-hot sparks from a fireworks sparkler that strike your skin don't cause injury because
the energy per molecule is high, but the total energy transferred is small.
Which has the greater specific heat capacity; the filling of a hot piece of pie or the crust?
the filling
A piece of iron and a cup of water both at room temperature are heated such that the thermal energy of each doubles. Which has the higher temperature?
the iron, because it doesn't change phase
A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire because
the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains
A good cook knows that the temperature of violently boiling water is
the same as that of simmering water.
Waves emitted by the Sun and terrestrial wave emissions are
the same except for their frequencies and wavelengths.
If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its
thermal energy decreases. temperature decreases.
The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates
thermal equilibrium.
A hot dog pants
to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract
Which is not a phase of matter?
vacuum
When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air is
warmed
When ice crystals form in clouds, the surrounding air
warms
During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst because
water expands when freezing.
The filling of a hot apple pie is hotter than the crust due to
water in the filling that better retains thermal energy.
Compared to other fundamental forces, the Universal Gravitational Constant G indicates gravity to be a relatively
weak force
In walking barefoot on red-hot coals, providing that bits of coal do not stick to your feet, it would be safer if your feet are
wet.
When a metal ring with a gap in the shape of the letter C is heated, the gap becomes
wider.
