Review for Test 2

The temperature of melting ice is

0°C. 32°F.

A gun with a muzzle velocity of 100 m/s is fired horizontally from a tower. Neglecting air resistance, how far downrange will the bullet be 1 s later?

100 m

The heat of vaporization of ethyl alcohol Lv is about 200 cal/g. That means that 1 gram of this refrigerant upon vaporization would release

200 calories.

Ignoring air resistance, what maximum speed can be given to a horizontally moving tennis ball as it clears the net 1.25 m high to remain within the edge of the court, which is 12.0 m from the bottom of the net?

24.0 m/s

With no air resistance, a projectile fired at 50° has the same range as if it were fired at

40°

A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff. One second after leaving your hand it drops a vertical distance of

5 m

On which temperature scale is 0 degrees the freezing point of water?

Celsius

If the Sun were twice as massive

Earth's pull on the Sun would double. its pull on the Earth would double.

Which will stay cooler for a longer time in a picnic cooler on a hot summer day?

Jello

Wobbles in the path of Uranus led to the discovery of

Neptune.

A dropped ball gains speed because

a gravitational force acts on it

The gush of steam that issues from the escape valve of a pressure cooker is relatively cool

above the opening where vapor is visible.

When a solid is changed to a liquid phase, the solid

absorbs energy.

Glass in a florist's greenhouse acts as a one-way valve by

allowing high-frequency waves to enter and blocking low-frequency waves from exiting.

If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for warmth, you would be warmer in

an igloo.

A bullet fired from a rifle begins to fall

as soon as it leaves the barrel.

When boiling your breakfast eggs while in the mountains, to compensate for altitude you should

boil the eggs for a longer time.

A ball rolls off the edge of a table at the same time another ball drops vertically from the same table. The ball to hit the floor first is the

both hit at the same time

A hunter fires a bullet from a horizontally—held rifle while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the side of the rifle. The bullet to hit the ground first is

both hit at the same time

Conduction has most to do with electrons and atoms

bumping into one another

The dew that forms on a cold soda can when taken from a refrigerator is due to

condensation.

What normally occurs in a saucer of water placed on your table is

condensation. evaporation.

We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are

condensing on our bodies.

Coastal winds that shift from night to day illustrate

convection.

Blow on your hand and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and your breath is

cool

Pigs wallow in mud mainly to

cool themselves by evaporation.

The specific heat capacity of aluminum is more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the wire to heat up quickest will be

copper

Which will cool a drink faster?

crushed ice

A rock is thrown upward at 50° with respect to the horizontal. As it rises, its vertical component of velocity

decreases

As a hot iron ring cools, the diameter of the hole

decreases

In walking barefoot on red-hot coals, to prevent bits of coal sticking to your feet, it would be safer if your feet are

dry

When water boils, energy added to the water is counteracted by

energy carried away by steam.

When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and occupy more space, which results in thermal

expansion

The operation of a bimetallic strip relies on differences in

expansions of metals.

The addition of salt to water affects its

freezing point

A good absorber of radiation is a

good emitter of radiation.

A poor conductor of heat is a

good insulator

The Sun is spherical due to

gravitation

According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects, the

greater the gravitational force between them.

Both heavy and light molecules make up a sample of gas. On average, the slower molecules are the

heavy ones

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has mainly to do with water's

high specific heat capacity.

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

higher temperature, but less thermal energy.

The higher the temperature of an object, the

higher the frequency of emitted radiation.

In a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, the faster molecules on average are

hydrogen.

The temperature at which water freezes is the same as the temperature at which

ice melts.

If a pizza absorbs more energy than it emits, its temperature

increases

When air is compressed, its temperature

increases

Glass is largely opaque to

infrared light

Which of the following normally warms up faster when heat is applied?

iron

Your bare feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug

is a better insulator than tile.

An outcome of universal gravitation is that

it provided prediction and discovery of planets. planets aren't cubes with sharp corners. its discovery prompted other laws of nature.

If a room is cold it is due to a

lack of adequate thermal energy

When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is

less than at sea level.

Hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation, which indicates that the specific heat capacity of sand is

less than for plants.

Which moves faster in a gas at the same temperature?

light molecules

The main reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet involves

low conductivity of the coals.

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a

low specific heat capacity

When salt is introduced to ice, the temperature at which melting occurs is

lowered

Why doesn't the Moon fall toward Earth like apples do?

moon does fall but due to its tangential motion it also falls around Earth

If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be

more likely to freeze.

The overflow of gasoline from a car's full metal tank on a hot day is evidence that gasoline expands

more than metal

When a metal ring with a gap in the shape of the letter C is cooled, the gap becomes

narrower.

Which of these are good conductors?

none of the above (feathers,snow,wood)

Sublimation is a change of phase from solid to gas without

passing through the liquid phase.

A good reflector of radiation is a

poor absorber of radiation

A good heat conductor is a

poor insulator

Increased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to

prevent boiling

An infrared thermometer operates by way of

radiant energy invisible to humans

The planet Earth loses heat primarily by

radiation

Air resistance on a high-speed projectile shortens its

range. maximum height.

The interior of a greenhouse emits long-wavelength radiation due to its

relatively low temperature.

As water changes to ice, water molecules

release energy

To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water

releases a lot of energy in cooling. absorbs a lot of energy for an increase in temperature. requires a lot of energy for an increase in temperature.

When a gas is changed to a liquid phase, the gas

releases energy

Steam burns are much more damaging than boiling-water burns because steam

releases more thermal energy

As a bowling ball that rolls off the edge of a table falls, its horizontal component of motion

remains constant.

The higher the temperature of an object, the

shorter the wavelengths it radiates.

To minimize heat loss it is best that a teapot be

silver

Which will cool faster when removed from a furnace?

silver

If you keep decreasing the kinetic energy of atoms in a liquid, the liquid may

solidify.

To say you can never change only one thing means that when you change something,

some other thing or things change.

San Francisco has milder winters than Washington D.C. due to water's high

specific heat capacity.

Newton discovered

that gravity is universal

The white-hot sparks from a fireworks sparkler that strike your skin don't cause injury because

the energy per molecule is high, but the total energy transferred is small.

Which has the greater specific heat capacity; the filling of a hot piece of pie or the crust?

the filling

A piece of iron and a cup of water both at room temperature are heated such that the thermal energy of each doubles. Which has the higher temperature?

the iron, because it doesn't change phase

A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire because

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains

A good cook knows that the temperature of violently boiling water is

the same as that of simmering water.

Waves emitted by the Sun and terrestrial wave emissions are

the same except for their frequencies and wavelengths.

If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its

thermal energy decreases. temperature decreases.

The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates

thermal equilibrium.

A hot dog pants

to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract

Which is not a phase of matter?

vacuum

When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air is

warmed

When ice crystals form in clouds, the surrounding air

warms

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst because

water expands when freezing.

The filling of a hot apple pie is hotter than the crust due to

water in the filling that better retains thermal energy.

Compared to other fundamental forces, the Universal Gravitational Constant G indicates gravity to be a relatively

weak force

In walking barefoot on red-hot coals, providing that bits of coal do not stick to your feet, it would be safer if your feet are

wet.

When a metal ring with a gap in the shape of the letter C is heated, the gap becomes

wider.