RN-PEDS-15.16.17.18.

The nurse is providing teaching for the parents of a child diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) 10 months ago. Which statement by a parent indicates the teaching is understood? 1. "The diet will be low calorie, low carbohydrate, no added salt, and low potassium." 2. "Nonsteroidal medications are used only if acetaminophen is not effective." 3. "Careful skin inspection and care is given because of swelling and poor circulation." 4. "We can initially treat diarrhea with over-the-counter antidiarrheal medications."

"Careful skin inspection and care is given because of swelling and poor circulation."

The school nurse is answering questions about anatomy and physiology in a middle school science class. One student asks, "How does our body become either a girl or a boy?" Which answer will the nurse provide? 1. "Girls are born more frequently because the mother's sex chromosome is bigger." 2. "Fathers always give a male chromosome and the mother can give one of either sex." 3. "Depending on the sex chromosome from the father, the baby will be a boy or a girl." 4. "There is no single chromosome that makes the sex determination; it's by chance."

"Depending on the sex chromosome from the father, the baby will be a boy or a girl."

The school nurse is teaching a high school class about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and specifically covers gonorrhea. A student states, "We all practice safe sex; no vaginal intercourse ever." Which reply by the nurse directly addresses the student's comment? 1. "That is good practice but still requires a condom." 2. "The only advantage is a low risk for pregnancy." 3. "Gonorrhea is spread by multiple sexual practices." 4. "I'm surprised that adolescents will admit that."

"Gonorrhea is spread by multiple sexual practices."

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is gathering information from the parent of a toddler who has anorexia, generalized edema, and joint pain following a bout with strep throat. Which question(s) will most likely give the nurse information for a specific condition? 1. "What behavior did you see to indicate joint pain?" 2. "When and where did you first notice swelling?" 3. "Is the child urinating, and what color is the urine?" 4. "How were you managing the symptoms at home?"

"Is the child urinating, and what color is the urine?"

A parent brings a 15-year-old adolescent to the emergency department because of severe lower abdominal pain, with nausea and vomiting. Physical examination reveals a swollen scrotum and tenderness of one testicle. Which additional assessment finding supports the possibility of testicular torsion? 1. The symptoms have been intermittent since the patient's birth. 2. The testis lies horizontally and there is a reactive hydrocele. 3. The unaffected testicle is lifted higher in the scrotal sac. 4. The symptoms are intermittent and resolve suddenly.

. The testis lies horizontally and there is a reactive hydrocele.

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is collecting information for the reason a parent has brought a toddler to the clinic. The parent states the toddler cries with urination and is sometimes incontinent. The nurse obtains an axillary temperature of 101.2°F (38.4°C). For which additional reason does the nurse suspect a urinary tract infection (UTI)? 1. The toddler is 3 years of age. 2. The toddler attends a preschool. 3. The toddler is a circumcised male. 4. The symptoms are comparable to an adult UTI.

. The toddler is 3 years of age.

The nurse is collecting assessment information on a pediatric patient who is 13 years of age. The patient is at the clinic for recurrent gastrointestinal distress. Which questions are appropriate for the nurse to ask the patient? Select all that apply. 1. "Can you describe the pain you are having?" 2. "Do you ever have cramping or bloating?" 3. "Is there a family history of GI problems?" 4. "Do you have a history of previous illnesses?" 5. "Are there any changes at home or school?"

1. "Can you describe the pain you are having?" 2. "Do you ever have cramping or bloating?" 5. "Are there any changes at home or school?"

The nurse is providing care for a 10-year-old patient admitted for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The patient is diagnosed with CKD stage 3. Which nursing actions are most important for the nurse to include on the patient's plan of care? Select all that apply. 1. Arrange for hemodialysis. 2. Correct electrolyte imbalances. 3. Monitor blood pressure. 4. Prepare for renal replacement. 5. Obtain accurate daily I&O and weight.

1. Arrange for hemodialysis. 2. Correct electrolyte imbalances. 3. Monitor blood pressure. 5. Obtain accurate daily I&O and weight.

A patient who is 17 years old comes to his health-care provider for a sports physical. The nurse's visual assessment places the patient in high percentiles for both weight and height. Which additional assessments does the nurse expect to be conducted for a complete health evaluation? Select all that apply. 1. Body mass index 2. Bedtime cortisol levels 3. Glucose levels after meals 4. Lipid profile 5. Thyroid-stimulating hormone level

1. Body mass index 4. Lipid profile 5. Thyroid-stimulating hormone level

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient and family. The patient is diagnosed with hyperpituitarism. Which teaching information will optimize therapy outcomes for the patient? Select all that apply. 1. Education about home administration of medications 2. Education about the disorder and treatment options 3. Explanations of long-term complications for noncompliance 4. Signs of excess bone growth and other features of gigantism 5. The impact of a tumor on or near the hypothalamus or pituitary gland

1. Education about home administration of medications 2. Education about the disorder and treatment options 3. Explanations of long-term complications for noncompliance

The pediatric nurse is preparing a community education program for parents and children who have endocrine disorders. With which normal regulatory functions does the nurse begin the presentation before covering endocrine disorders? Select all that apply. 1. Growth and development 2. Sexual development 3. Energy use and storage 4. An individual's response to stress 5. Levels of glucose, fluid, and sodium in the blood

1. Growth and development 2. Sexual development 3. Energy use and storage 4. An individual's response to stress 5. Levels of glucose, fluid, and sodium in the blood

The nurse in a neonatal nursery is mentoring a newly hired nurse. The new nurse expresses uncertainty about the facts of physiological and pathological jaundice. Which information does the nurse provide? Select all that apply. 1. In newborns, a low level of jaundice is normal. 2. Normal jaundice usually appears within a week of birth. 3. Immaturity of the liver prevents effective metabolization of bilirubin. 4. Greatest concern is when jaundice develops before the first 24 hours. 5. High levels of bilirubin cause hyperactivity and insatiable hunger.

1. In newborns, a low level of jaundice is normal 3. Immaturity of the liver prevents effective metabolization of bilirubin. 4. Greatest concern is when jaundice develops before the first 24 hours.

A neonate is born with a 6-cm omphalocele, in which the stomach and intestines are contained within a sac of amnio, peritoneum, and Wharton's jelly outside of the abdomen. For which additional anomalies will the nurse assess? Select all that apply. 1. Neural tube defects 2. Cardiac defects 3. Rupture of the sac 4. Herniation of the brainstem 5. Exstrophy of the urinary bladder

1. Neural tube defects 2. Cardiac defects 5. Exstrophy of the urinary bladder

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is performing a physical examination of a patient who is 8 years of age. The patient's weight is over the 95th percentile on the growth chart. The patient also expresses the presence of knee and abdominal pain. The patient's parent states, "He will outgrow it; all my boys start off like this." Which information does the nurse present to the parent? Select all that apply. 1. Obesity is related to the development of diabetes mellitus. 2. Being a social outcast can cause feelings of poor self-esteem. 3. Children with obesity are more likely to drop out of school. 4. There is a high risk for cardiac disease and hypertension. 5. Obesity adversely affects joint health and function.

1. Obesity is related to the development of diabetes mellitus. 4. There is a high risk for cardiac disease and hypertension. 5. Obesity adversely affects joint health and function.

The pediatric nurse conducts a blood sampling for PKU, which is a standard policy in most states of the United States. The parents want to void a heel stick for the blood screening and ask why the test is so important. Which answers will the nurse provide? Select all that apply. 1. PKU stands for a genetic mutation of a single base pair of chromosomes. 2. PKU results in an accumulation of phenylketonuria in the kidneys. 3. PKU is a required newborn screening for metabolic disorders. 4. Phenylalanine is an essential protein present in many foods. 5. Once PKU is diagnosed, the child's diet can resume to normal.

1. PKU stands for a genetic mutation of a single base pair of chromosomes. 3. PKU is a required newborn screening for metabolic disorders. 4. Phenylalanine is an essential protein present in many foods

The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a preschool-age toddler diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which information does the nurse cover regarding vaccinations for the toddler? Select all that apply. 1. Routine immunizations given to healthy children are administered. 2. Annual pneumococcal conjugate vaccinations are encouraged. 3. Live viral vaccinations such as varicella and MMR are appropriate. 4. Intranasal influenza vaccine are preferred for children with CKD. 5. Annual attenuated influenza vaccinations are recommended.

1. Routine immunizations given to healthy children are administered. 2. Annual pneumococcal conjugate vaccinations are encouraged. 5. Annual attenuated influenza vaccinations are recommended.

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is performing a scheduled check-up for a 6-year-old child diagnosed with Williams syndrome. The child will be mainstreamed during the first year of school. Which information will the nurse provide to the parent of this child? Select all that apply. 1. The child is most likely to have a low normal IQ score. 2. Frequently attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is present. 3. Appearance-wise, the child should fit in with other children. 4. Stairs and other uneven surfaces may be difficult for the child to negotiate. 5. The child has a strong memory for auditory information.

1. The child is most likely to have a low normal IQ score. 2. Frequently attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is present. 4. Stairs and other uneven surfaces may be difficult for the child to negotiate. 5. The child has a strong memory for auditory information.

A grandmother brings a toddler to a pediatric clinic and states, "I am worried that my grandchild is not getting adequate care." The nurse is able to verify the child is underweight for height and age. Which findings will cause the nurse to initiate additional assessment? Select all that apply. 1. The grandmother cannot provide an adequate feeding history. 2. The toddler's weight for height is less than the 20th percentile. 3. The toddler repeatedly asks if the nurse will get some food. 4. The toddler's evaluation at birth indicates prematurity. 5. The mother is a single parent and lives alone with the toddler.

1. The grandmother cannot provide an adequate feeding history. 3. The toddler repeatedly asks if the nurse will get some food. 4. The toddler's evaluation at birth indicates prematurity. 5. The mother is a single parent and lives alone with the toddler.

A 19-year-old patient has a history of hyperthyroidism that is managed with medication. The patient recently moved into an apartment and is living independently. Which behavior indicates to the nurse the patient is continuing appropriate health management? Select all that apply. 1. The patient called for refills of antithyroid medications and beta-blocking agents. 2. The patient went to an urgent care facility over the weekend for a sore throat and fever. 3. The patient reports experiencing tachycardia, restlessness, and tremors for a week. 4. The patient's last laboratory results indicates a high level of T4. 5. The patient stops the medication for 1 month once a year to promote hair regrowth.

1. The patient called for refills of antithyroid medications and beta-blocking agents. 2. The patient went to an urgent care facility over the weekend for a sore throat and fever.

The nurse is providing care for a neonate born to a mother with a history of alcoholism. The nurse is concerned the neonate will need special attention because of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Which specific concerns will the nurse relay to the assigned case worker? Select all that apply. 1. The probability of delay in physical growth 2. Adequate feeding opportunities and amounts 3. Expected overreactivity to the environment 4. The possibility of developmental delay 5. Susceptibility to respiratory disorders

1. The probability of delay in physical growth 2. Adequate feeding opportunities and amounts 3. Expected overreactivity to the environment 4. The possibility of developmental delay

The nurse is providing care for a 9-year-old patient diagnosed with postinfectious glomerulonephritis. The nurse is aware of hypertension and a prescribed dose of nifedipine 0.5 mg/kg/dose every 4 hours. The patient weighs 63 pounds. Which dose does the nurse give every 4 hours? 1. 14 mg 2. 18 mg 3. 22 mg 4. 30 mg

14 mg

An adolescent who is 16 years of age is being discharged home after treatment for kidney stones. The nurse provides the patient and parents with written instructions for reference at home. Which information will the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1. The patient is not on a restricted diet or fluid intake at this time. 2. All urine is to be strained and sediment kept for analysis. 3. The thiazide diuretic may be discontinued on discharge. 4. The patient and parents need to understand any medication regimen. 5. A metabolic workup is no longer necessary.

2. All urine is to be strained and sediment kept for analysis. 4. The patient and parents need to understand any medication regimen.

The nurse is providing care for a neonate with a port-wine stain on the left side of the face, which involves the eye. The nurse recognizes which nursing interventions are likely to be initiated as the neonate grows? Select all that apply. 1. Obtaining genetic testing before planning another pregnancy 2. Assisting parents to locate treatment for the facial deformity 3. Stressing the importance of early and regular eye examinations 4. Teaching about the management of seizure activity, if present 5. Reinforcing the reasons for an MRI of the brain and blood vessels

2. Assisting parents to locate treatment for the facial deformity 3. Stressing the importance of early and regular eye examinations 4. Teaching about the management of seizure activity, if present 5. Reinforcing the reasons for an MRI of the brain and blood vessels

The nurse is providing care for a 3-year-old toddler admitted with a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome related to a recent upper respiratory infection. In preparation for discharge, which teaching does the nurse provide for the parents? Select all that apply. 1. Administration of prophylactic antibiotic medication 2. Reason for checking feet and lower legs for edema 3. Method to use when strictly monitoring daily weight 4. Suggestions about maintaining a low activity level 5. Provision of written material about diet and fluid restriction

2. Reason for checking feet and lower legs for edema 3. Method to use when strictly monitoring daily weight 5. Provision of written material about diet and fluid restriction

The nurse at a pediatric clinic is examining a 1-month-old infant. The nurse notices eight café au lait spots on the infant's skin and two nodelike lesions on the upper extremities. When questioned, the parent tells the nurse, "All three of my kids have those. In fact I have some myself." Which conclusion will the nurse make based on assessment findings and the parent's comments? Select all that apply. 1. The parent, the infant, and the infant's siblings will have the same manifestations. 2. The infant displays two of seven criteria for diagnosing neurofibromatosis type 1. 3. The parent needs to have testing to identify an autosomal dominant genetic defect. 4. The siblings of the infant are likely to be diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1. 5. The affected family members are at a greater lifelong risk for malignancies.

2. The infant displays two of seven criteria for diagnosing neurofibromatosis type 1. 3. The parent needs to have testing to identify an autosomal dominant genetic defect. 4. The siblings of the infant are likely to be diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1. 5. The affected family members are at a greater lifelong risk for malignancies.

The nurse in a pediatrician office has been providing care for a patient with Angelman syndrome since birth. The nurse performs a general physical assessment, reviews documentation of dysmorphic features or obvious abnormalities, and assesses for the presence or absence of developmental milestones. Which information shared by the parent indicates appropriate care of the patient? 1. The parent expresses concern about the cost of special therapies. 2. The parent and child are using basic sign language to communicate. 3. The parent tells the nurse that sleep cycles are still 2 hours long. 4. The parent responds in like to the child's happy, laughing demeanor. 5. The parent informs the nurse of the child's dyspnea during playtime.

2. The parent and child are using basic sign language to communicate. 4. The parent responds in like to the child's happy, laughing demeanor. 5. The parent informs the nurse of the child's dyspnea during playtime.

The nurse on a pediatric unit is providing care for a preschool child with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The parents brought the child to the hospital to receive IV therapy. Which statements by the parents indicate to the nurse that the child is receiving appropriate care? Select all that apply. 1. "We were getting concerned about her loving salt." 2. "Popsicles have become a favorite daytime snack." 3. "We recognized the symptoms of sodium depletion." 4. "The confusion, headache, and irritability are unusual." 5. "She loves her new little bracelet and shows it to everyone."

3. "We recognized the symptoms of sodium depletion." 4. "The confusion, headache, and irritability are unusual." 5. "She loves her new little bracelet and shows it to everyone."

The nurse is providing family teaching for a child diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism. Which additional teaching will the nurse include related to alternative dietary management? Select all that apply. 1. Avoiding caffeine and limiting the intake of carbonated beverages 2. Encouraging foods high in calcium and vitamin K 3. Including dietary supplements such as magnesium and boron 4. Giving calcium and vitamin D with acidic substances 5. Providing green leafy vegetables as the primary source of calcium

3. Including dietary supplements such as magnesium and boron 4. Giving calcium and vitamin D with acidic substances

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is assessing an infant 2 months of age. The mother states, "He always spits up, but it has become so much worse. Vomit goes everywhere." Which additional assessment will help the nurse identify a possible diagnosis for the infant? 1. A hard mass is palpated in the mid-epigastrium. 2. Vomiting occurs both before and after eating. 3. Weight is normal even with frequent vomiting. 4. Normal skin turgor is noted over the sternum.

A hard mass is palpated in the mid-epigastrium.

A 6-year-old patient is brought to the pediatrician's office with symptoms of feeling ill, periorbital edema, weight gain, and anorexia. The nurse suspects nephrotic syndrome. Which laboratory value confirms the nurse's suspicion? 1. Serum sodium of 138 mEq/L 2. Serum potassium of 4.5 mEq/L 3. A high level of protein in the urine 4. Low serum levels of HDL and LDLs

A high level of protein in the urine

An adult female arrives in the emergency department following a spontaneous birth at home. The female indicates that no prenatal care has been received. Which assessment finding about the female causes the nurse greatest concern for the newborn? 1. A laboratory result reveals a positive hepatitis A anti-HAV-total. 2. The mother is emaciated and has indications of drug abuse. 3. The mother has no permanent address and denies having family. 4. A laboratory result reveals a positive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg).

A laboratory result reveals a positive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg).

The nurse is admitting an infant who is 3 months of age. The parents sought medical attention when the infant began passing pale-colored stools that are nearly white. The infant had been diagnosed with biliary atresia at birth and underwent corrective surgery. For which treatment will the nurse prepare the parents? 1. A liver transplant 2. A second corrective surgery 3. Initiating comfort care 4. Focusing on diet therapy

A liver transplant

The nurse is admitting an adolescent who is 19 years of age with a diagnosis of acute renal infection. While obtaining medical and health history information, which finding does the nurse identify as supporting the diagnosis? 1. Hospitalization for removal of tonsils at 10 years of age 2. Prolonged use of acetaminophen for frequent headaches 3. A family history that is positive for renal calculi formation 4. Acknowledgment of being sexually active since 14 years of age

Acknowledgment of being sexually active since 14 years of age

A 15-year-old female asks the pediatric nurse how tall she may be as an adult. The adolescent's father is 6 feet 0 inches tall; her mother is 5 feet 4 inches tall. Which calculation will the nurse use to provide a probable answer? 1. Add the parents' heights in inches together; divide by 2; add 2.5 inches. 2. Add the parents' heights in inches together; divide by 2; subtract 2.5 inches. 3. Add the parents' heights in inches together and divide the total by 4. 4. Add the parents' heights in inches together; divide by 4; add 2.5 inches.

Add the parents' heights in inches together; divide by 2; subtract 2.5 inches.

The nurse in a pediatric emergency department is providing care for a 1-year-old patient with a history of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The patient is exhibiting the manifestations of a febrile illness. Which medical intervention does the nurse expect to be prescribed? 1. Laboratory testing for elevated serum 17-OHP level 2. Cultures and testing for the cause of the febrile illness 3. A quiet, cool environment for the patient 4. Administration of corticosteroids by injection

Administration of corticosteroids by injection

The nurse is planning a teaching session for a 10-year-old patient and the patient's parents. The patient is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which is the most important topic for the nurse to cover? 1. Methods for preventing hypoglycemia during exercise 2. The purpose of setting up a dietary consult for the patient 3. All procedures involved in insulin administration 4. Instructions for blood glucose and urine ketone testing

All procedures involved in insulin administration

The nurse is providing care for a 7-year-old child whose admitting diagnosis is poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse expects which care to be prescribed for the child? 1. Hemodialysis 2. Nifedipine orally 3. Increase fluids 4. Antibiotic therapy

Antibiotic therapy

The nurse in a NICU nursery is providing care for a newborn diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism. During hospitalization, which home-care concept will the nurse include in the newborn's care? 1. Mix thyroid replacement hormone medication in a bottle of milk. 2. Increase dietary fiber with a soy-based formula to prevent constipation. 3. Ask the breastfeeding mother to bring breastmilk to the hospital. 4. Administer hormone replacement medication using a medicine dropper.

Ask the breastfeeding mother to bring breastmilk to the hospital.

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is obtaining a health history on a child who is 9 years of age. The nurse learns the child exhibits a chronic cough, midsternal discomfort, and frequent sore throats without infection. Physical assessment indicates the child is on the 50th percentile on the height chart and on the 85th percentile for weight. Which recommendation does the nurse make? 1. Serve citrus juices instead of carbonated beverages. 2. Begin an age-appropriate weight loss program. 3. Initiate a practice of no eating or drinking after dinner. 4. Encourage lying on the left side after eating a meal.

Begin an age-appropriate weight loss program.

An adolescent who is 15 years of age is brought to the pediatric clinic because of bloody urine. Which additional finding during assessment will cause the nurse to consider acute kidney injury (AKI)? 1. Bruising in the flank area 2. Tenderness in the lower back 3. Hesitation and pain with urination 4. Suprapubic swelling and pain

Bruising in the flank area

A 13-year-old male patient is diagnosed with hypopituitarism and is prescribed to begin growth hormone replacement therapy. Which patient teaching information will best optimize the replacement therapy outcomes for the patient? 1. Clear communication about side effects of therapy and how they are managed 2. The chemical makeup and differences between the brands of somatotropin 3. How much and how quickly the patient will see the effects of the therapy 4. Psychotherapy for the family to deal with emotional problems of the condition

Clear communication about side effects of therapy and how they are managed

The NICU nurse is providing care for a neonate who presents with an overabundance of secretions that the neonate cannot manage. The nurse also identifies the neonate is anorectal and exhibits some limb deformity. Which assessment process will the nurse perform first? 1. Check whether there are deformities of the palate. 2. Check for choking after a feeding tube is passed. 3. Observe if cyanosis occurs during bottle feeding. 4. Determine the extent to which a feeding tube can be passed.

Determine the extent to which a feeding tube can be passed.

The nurse is counseling a couple who has a neonate exhibiting the manifestations of trisomy 21. This is the couple's first child, and they have no identifiable risks. Which explanation does the nurse provide to the parents? 1. Advanced maternal age will cause an alteration in an oocyte before reproduction. 2. An exposure to a highly contagious viral infection is responsible for the defect. 3. Errors or abnormalities in a child can occur at any time during the process of development. 4. Fertilization is likely to have occurred with an immature spermatocyte from the male.

Errors or abnormalities in a child can occur at any time during the process of development.

The nurse is counseling parents of an infant who have just learned their child has a cancerous tumor on a kidney. The parents keep repeating that nothing like this has happened in either of their families. Which explanation does the nurse provide to the parents? 1. Errors or changes in the process of cell division accounts for diseases such as cancers. 2. Some cells just randomly begin to divide differently and create a health risk or change. 3. Somewhere in one of the parents, a genetic defect has gone unidentified until now. 4. Most commonly defects such as cancer come equally from the genes of both parents.

Errors or changes in the process of cell division accounts for diseases such as cancers.

The nurse is providing care for an adolescent patient admitted with a diagnosis of nephrolithiasis. The patient's symptoms include flank pain, hematuria, and vomiting. The nurse notices an hourly output of 20 mL/hour. Patient's medical history includes UTIs, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and one kidney at birth. Which medical prescription does the nurse expect immediately from the physician? 1. Increase IV fluids to 125 mL/hour. 2. Cover blood glucose on a sliding scale. 3. Establish NPO status and prepare patient for surgery. 4. Administer IV morphine 5 mg every 2 hours for pain.

Establish NPO status and prepare patient for surgery.

The nurse shares genetic information with the parents of a 12-year-old female with a lack of pubertal development. The child is missing an X chromosome and is diagnosed with Turner syndrome. Which information will the nurse provide regarding secondary sexual characteristics? 1. Estrogen therapy will reverse infertility. 2. Offspring will be positive for Turner syndrome. 3. Height and weight will remain within normal parameters. 4. Estrogen supplementation will prompt development.

Estrogen supplementation will prompt development.

A 16-year-old adolescent has Addison's disease. The adolescent's current medication involves corticosteroid and mineralocorticoid replacement therapy. During sports practice, the adolescent collapses and loses consciousness with sudden, penetrating pain in the lower back and legs. Which action is taken by the school nurse? 1. Administer the glucagon kept for the adolescent in the clinic. 2. Place the adolescent in side-lying position in case vomiting occurs. 3. Notify the parents of the incident and request permission to transport to the hospital. 4. Give IM Solu-Cortef and call the paramedics for emergency IV infusion.

Give IM Solu-Cortef and call the paramedics for emergency IV infusion.

The nurse in a pediatrician's office is assessing a 9-year-old male patient who is being monitored for the possible diagnosis of hypopituitarism. Which assessment finding does the nurse recognize specifically as an indication of growth hormone deficiency? 1. High weight-to-height ratio 2. Large hands and feet for body size 3. Severe aching in knees and ankles 4. Height increase of 1.75 inches in 12 months

Height increase of 1.75 inches in 12 months

The nurse is providing care for a child who is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which laboratory result does the nurse expect with this condition? 1. Low urine-specific gravity 2. High urine and low serum osmolarity 3. High serum sodium level 4. Increase in the hematocrit level

High urine and low serum osmolarity

The school nurse is teaching a middle-school class about the hormones that regulate body functions. Which information provided by the nurse is accurate? 1. Hormones are chemicals secreted by endocrine glands. 2. Hormones act specifically on the glands that produce them. 3. Hormones react with negative feedback as levels decline. 4. Hormones are made from proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

Hormones are chemicals secreted by endocrine glands.

The nurse is admitting a 6-month-old infant for testing because of a second UTI and suprapubic pain with palpation. Diagnostic tests reveal a grade II vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Which information does the nurse provide to the family? 1. Preparation necessary for surgery 2. Information about medication therapy 3. Importance of genetic counseling 4. Necessity of establishing dialysis

Information about medication therapy

A parent brings an 18-month-old toddler to the pediatric emergency department for abdominal pain and stool mixed with blood and mucus. The pain is recurring three to four times an hour. Which intervention will the nurse initiate first? 1. Assess laboratory results. 2. Initiate intravenous access. 3. Maintain strict intake and output. 4. Prepare for ultrasound studies.

Initiate intravenous access.

An adolescent female, age 17 years, independently seeks care at the public health department. The adolescent reports lower abdominal pain with walking but no vaginal discharge. The adolescent also shares being sexually active with multiple partners. After confirming a pelvic inflammatory infection (PID), which is the most important teaching by the nurse? 1. Information about the probability of infertility with PID 2. Instructions about taking and completing antibiotic therapy 3. Reasons for contacting sexual partners for necessary treatment 4. Importance of not being sexually active with multiple partners

Instructions about taking and completing antibiotic therapy

The nurse on a pediatric unit is admitting a 6-week-old infant. Symptoms include a wet daily diaper count of 10 to 12 a day, irritability, constipation, and dehydration. For which medical prescription does the nurse contact the physician? 1. Limit oral intake of water to 200 mL per shift. 2. Weigh diapers to measure 24-hour urine output. 3. Check urine-specific gravity every 8 hours. 4. Allow the mother to continue breastfeeding.

Limit oral intake of water to 200 mL per shift

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is assessing an 11-year-old patient who is experiencing vaginal itching, soreness, and painful urination. Upon physical assessment, the nurse notices two ulcers, each 1 to 1.5 cm in diameter. Which additional assessment does the nurse perform? 1. Asks the patient about any sexual contact 2. Makes inquiries about recent viral infections 3. Inspects for the presence of a foreign vaginal body 4. Determines whether the patient has had pinworms

Makes inquiries about recent viral infections

The school nurse is preparing a teaching plan for 13-year-old female students about anatomy, puberty, and reproduction. Which information does the nurse recognize as being most important? 1. Fallopian tubes are at risk for blockage from sexually transmitted infections (STIs). 2. Endometrium is shed during menstrual cycles. 3. Menstruation indicates an ability to become pregnant. 4. The body will undergo observable physical changes.

Menstruation indicates an ability to become pregnant.

The nurse is providing care for a 2-month-old infant admitted to the hospital for testing because of a persistent low-grade fever. Laboratory tests and ultrasound of the abdomen confirm the presence of gallstones. Which procedure does the nurse expect to be prescribed for this infant? 1. Immediate preparation for abdominal surgery 2. Monitoring without surgical interventions 3. Endoscopic removal of stones and gallbladder 4. Placing the infant on low-fat, soy-based formula

Monitoring without surgical interventions

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is working with a preschool patient and a parent about managing the child's functional constipation. Which is the most important information for the nurse to share? 1. The child is allowed to select a reward for having a bowel movement. 2. The child is informed of the treatments for constipation and/or impaction. 3. Parental action is required for the onset of vomiting or severe abdominal pain. 4. The parents expect the child to sit on the toilet for a period of time each day.

Parental action is required for the onset of vomiting or severe abdominal pain.

The pediatric nurse receives a medical prescription to obtain a urine sample for culture from an infant 6 months of age diagnosed with a UTI. By which method will the nurse collect the sample? 1. Applying clean catch techniques 2. Attaching an external urine bag 3. Catching urine in a sterile diaper 4. Performing urinary catheterization

Performing urinary catheterization

The nurse is providing care for an adolescent diagnosed with Crohn's disease. The nurse provides patient teaching regarding which manifestation of the condition? 1. Urgency to defecate 2. Possibility of oral aphthous ulcers 3. Episodic epigastric pain 4. Nocturnal awakening events

Possibility of oral aphthous ulcers

The nurse is preparing to teach a class about genetics at a workshop for nurses. The nurse will remind the attending nurses that genes are responsible for determining our physical attributes and biological functions. Which other function will the nurse accredit to genes? 1. Organizing the chromosomes and the genetic code 2. Maintaining cell cytoplasm for the preservation of cell organelles 3. Ensuring the development of all the different types of body cells 4. Producing products necessary for the organism's function

Producing products necessary for the organism's function

A neonate is born with gastroschisis. Which action will the nurse perform immediately? 1. Prepare the mother for a serious birth defect in the neonate. 2. Promote nonnutritive sucking to fulfill the neonate's needs. 3. Protect the defect with a nonadherent sterile saline dressing. 4. Place an orogastric tube to decompress the neonate's intestines.

Protect the defect with a nonadherent sterile saline dressing.

A 12-year-old patient has a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and is hospitalized for the manifestations of a thyroid storm. Which home-care concept will the nurse include in the care of the patient during hospitalization? 1. Provide a low-stress, low-pressure environment. 2. Ensure medications are given on the home schedule. 3. Limit intake of caffeine and carbonated fluids. 4. Increase intake of foods high in calcium and vitamin K.

Provide a low-stress, low-pressure environment.

The nurse is providing care to a school-age child admitted because of the presence of colicky abdominal pain, palpable purpura on the lower extremities, edema of the face and lips, and anorexia. The suspected diagnosis is Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Which diagnostic test result does the nurse expect to validate the diagnosis? 1. Elevated serum creatinine 2. Positive for proteinuria 3. Stool positive for occult blood 4. Renal biopsy shows IgA deposition

Renal biopsy shows IgA deposition

The nurse is preparing teaching materials for an adolescent patient recently diagnosed with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The adolescent initially presented with right upper quadrant pain, obesity, and hepatomegaly. Which teaching will the nurse initially present? 1. Review lifestyle changes and diet modification with the adolescent. 2. Explain the care that is provided in the event acute liver failure occurs. 3. Discuss feelings the adolescent has related to the disease diagnosis. 4. Begin to introduce the probability for a liver transplant later in life.

Review lifestyle changes and diet modification with the adolescent.

The nurse is interviewing a 13-year-old male who reports a recent inability to retract his foreskin. The patient is uncircumcised and is also experiencing bleeding from the preputial orifice and pain with urination. Which initial action does the nurse take because of the indications of pathological phimosis? 1. Ask the patient about circumcision. 2. Obtain a prescription for steroids. 3. Consult the parents about surgery. 4. Seek a pediatric urological consultation.

Seek a pediatric urological consultation

The school nurse is conducting a class for 13-year-old male students. After covering male anatomy, a student asks the nurse if the terms "sperm" and "semen" are interchangeable. Which information does the nurse provide? 1. Semen consists of sperm and various other body fluids. 2. Sperm and semen are considered the same substance. 3. Semen is produced by the each of two epididymides. 4. Sperm is not present until a male reaches late teen years.

Semen consists of sperm and various other body fluids.

A high school male adolescent arrives at the emergency department following a fall sustained while rock climbing. The physician prescribes diagnostic tests to rule out acute kidney injury (AKI). Which diagnostic finding does the nurse report immediately to the health-care provider? 1. Serum creatinine level of 0.6 2. Hematocrit level of 38% 3. Serum BUN of 20 mg/dL 4. Serum potassium of 5.7 mEq/L

Serum potassium of 5.7 mEq/L

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is obtaining information about a 7-month-old infant with GI symptoms. The parent informs the nurse that bloating, flatulence, and foul-smelling stools occurred with the introduction of wheat cereal. Which additional information will cause the nurse to initiate emergency care? 1. Dental enamel defects of the teeth 2. Presence of dermatitis herpetiformis 3. Severe vomiting and diarrhea 4. Weight loss indicated by thinness of extremities

Severe vomiting and diarrhea

The nurse is providing care for a 12-month-old patient who is experiencing poor weight gain. Physical assessment reveals an open anterior fontanel and open cranial sutures. To differentiate between a decrease in growth hormone and a congenital thyroid problem, which laboratory test does the nurse expect to be ordered? 1. Serum calcium 2. CBC 3. TSH 4. FSH

TSH

The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant who has a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. In which manner will the nurse assess the infant for pain related to the diagnosis? 1. Tap on a facial nerve and note the response. 2. Monitor closely for signs of seizure activity. 3. Assess for hyperreflexia of the muscles. 4. Carefully monitor cardiovascular status.

Tap on a facial nerve and note the response.

The nurse is informing a new mother of the concern about her newborn who is 36 hours old and has not passed any meconium. The nurse shares a suspicion of Hirschsprung's disease. The mother asks the nurse multiple questions about the condition. Which information will the nurse provide? 1. Retained meconium is a source of severe infection in newborns. 2. A positive diagnosis indicates the newborn is terminally ill. 3. The absence of nerves in the colon also indicates mobility issues. 4. The condition is congenital and causes blockage of the intestines.

The condition is congenital and causes blockage of the intestines.

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is obtaining medical information from a female patient who is 18 years of age. The patient expresses concern of a vaginal infection because of the presence of fishy-smelling, thin, whitish-gray discharge. Which information from the nurse is accurate? 1. The condition is identified as bacterial vaginosis. 2. The self-limiting infection will resolve in a week. 3. The existence of the condition is indicative of HIV. 4. The infection will require treatment for all sex partners.

The condition is identified as bacterial vaginosis.

Shortly after the birth of a male neonate, the parents are informed about the diagnosis of hypospadias. The physician explains that the neonate's urethral opening is located midpenile, and surgery will occur between the ages of 6 and 12 months. Which additional explanation does the nurse provide to the parents? 1. The neonate should be circumcised immediately. 2. The diagnosis is usually an isolated anomaly. 3. A ventral curvature of the penis is likely. 4. A pediatric surgeon will perform the surgery.

The diagnosis is usually an isolated anomaly.

The pediatric nurse in a clinic is mentoring a newly hired nurse who has no experience in pediatrics. The new nurse is performing a physical assessment on an infant who is 1 month of age. Which observation will prompt the nurse to discuss assessment skills with the new nurse? 1. The new nurse states, "How can I hear bowel sounds when he cries?" 2. The new nurse keeps the sleeping infant covered for parts of the assessment. 3. The new nurse performs all observations before physical assessment. 4. The new nurse informs the attending parent about the assessment actions.

The new nurse states, "How can I hear bowel sounds when he cries?".

The nurse at a pediatric clinic is assessing a 12-year-old female. The patient ask the nurse, "I am scared about what's happening to my body. How does it happen?" Which information from the nurse is most appropriate? 1. The ovaries are located on each side of the uterus. 2. The ovaries secrete hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle. 3. The ovaries play a role in the regulation of puberty and fertility. 4. The body changes will indicate the patient is a woman and not a child.

The ovaries play a role in the regulation of puberty and fertility.

A 10-year-old patient is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which medical history finding will help the nurse identify alternative interventions for managing the patient's condition? 1. The patient's ethnicity group is African American. 2. The patient's BMI is greater than 85th percentile for age and weight. 3. The patient's mother had gestational diabetes during her pregnancy. 4. The patient's extended family exhibits a high incidence of diabetes.

The patient's BMI is greater than 85th percentile for age and weight.

The nurse is presenting a workshop about reproduction to other nurses. In which manner will the nurse explain the reason why all offspring from the same parents do not look exactly alike? 1. The rapid process of meiosis can result in some loss or gain of genetic material. 2. The meiosis in the oocyte will change as the age of the contributing female increases. 3. Meiosis in a male creates a spermatocyte, which is extremely genetically unstable. 4. Meiosis commonly causes some chromosomes to be normal and others abnormal.

The rapid process of meiosis can result in some loss or gain of genetic material.

A parent brings a 12-month-old toddler to the pediatrician because the toddler cries a lot and then stops on her own. The parent has noticed a little blood in the diaper every time it is wet. Assessment reveals a temperature of 101.3°F (38.5°C). Which condition does the nurse anticipate after a urinalysis? 1. Hypospadias 2. Henoch-Schönlein purpura 3. Acute kidney injury 4. Urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infection

A 9-year-old male patient arrives at the emergency department with suprapubic tenderness, nausea, vomiting, and painful urination. Which laboratory result does the nurse expect from a urinalysis? 1. White blood cells: 15,000 cells/L 2. Positive for glucose and protein 3. Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L 4. Hematocrit: 37%

White blood cells: 15,000 cells/L