ROBOTICS: Quiz #1

A ________ is the term originally used for what we now consider to be a robot.

Automation

True/False... A non-servo robot is a closed-loop system.

False

True/False... Linear actuators provide rotary motion to a robots arm.

False

True/False..... In continuous-path motion, an operator leads the robot through the various positions involved in an operation.

False

The _______ generation of industrial robots performed purely repetitive tasks and did not respond to changing conditions.

First

A manipulator that performs the steps of an operation based on predetermined conditions that are not easily changed.

Fixed-sequence Robot

A _______ automation machines is specifically designed for particular tasks on an assembly line.

Hard

A type of machine setup process.

Manual Programming

Programming a robot using a computer at the robot's console is called ____________ online programming.

Online

The 5 main components of an industrial robot

1. Controller 2. Manipulator 3. End Effector 4. Power Supply 5. Means for Programming

A controller has ____ levels of hierarchical control.

3

An __________ robot has a human-like form.

Anthropomorphic

A robot arm using the ________ configuration can start and stop simultaneously along the XYZ axes.

Cartesian

The three basic degrees of freedom involve movement along the XYZ axes of the ____________ coordinate system.

Cartesian

Each programming language defines the number of _______________ allowed for a program name and the use of special characters.

Characteristics

A servo robot is a _________ system because it allows for feedback signals.

Closed loop

A _________ program translates high-level languages into programming code.

Compiler

Using a great number of points in __________ motion creates movement that is smooth and continuous.

Continuous Path

True/False..... In teach pendant programming, an operator adjusts end stops, switches, and hoses to set up the motion sequence.

False

True/False..... The first generation of industrial robots were developed in mid- 1980's.

False

True/False...Pitch is side to side movement of the robots wrist.

False

Machines that can be reprogrammed to meet changing manufacturing needs are an example of __________

Flexible automation

Programming languages that closely resemble standard english are ________ languages.

High-Level

Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer program to make decisions based on _______

Known information

The 3 basic levels of hierarchical control are actuator, path, and _______.

Main

The highest hierarchical control level is ______ control.

Main

The arm of the robot is the __________.

Manipulator

A manipulator worked by a human operator.

Manual Manipulator

A robot that can be given new instructions to perform new tasks is considered ________

Re-programmable

The _________ configuration offers flexible reach, a large work envelope, and anthropomorphic movement.

Revolute

Science Fiction writer Isaac Asimov coined the term _________ , which means the use of robots.

Robotics

An intelligent robot uses _______ to detect changes in the work environment.

Sensors

In __________ programming, the user specifies the goals of each task rather than the motions required to achieve the goal.

Task-Level

The RIA definition of an industrial robot states that it is a machine, re-programmable, flexible, intelligent, more efficient than human operators, and has a multi-function manipulator... True or False?

True

True/False... Hierarchical control assigns levels of organization to the controllers within a robotic system.

True

True/False... Hydraulic actuator drives provide precise motion control and can handle heavy loads.

True

True/False... The power supply of a robotic system may convert AC voltage to the DC voltage required by a robots circuits.

True

True/False...The work envelope of cartesian is a rectangle

True

The _________ was the first Unimation robot sold in 1961.

Unimate

The vertical traverse provides ________ motion of a robots arm.

Up and down.

A manipulator whose sequence of movement can be easily changed to perform steps in an operation, as needed.

Variable-sequence Robot

A ___________ system uses recognizable words as a form of audio data entry.

Voice/Speech recognition

The first robot programming language was known as

WAVE

Continuous-path robots use _____________ programming which records thousands of points into the memory as the end effector is moved through the motions of a process.

Walk-Through

Thousands of points may be recorded for fluid movement.

Walk-Through Programming

In a ____________ system, a feedback signal affects the output of the system.

closed loop

The movement of a ___________ configuration robot resembles the action of the turret on a military tank.

spherical

True/False... Robot movement is initiated by a series of instructions stored in the end effector.

False

True/False..... A manual rate control box translates high-level languages into machine code.

False

True/False..... Because more programmed points are used, pick and place motion is smoother than continuous-path.

False

A robots ability to move up and down, forward and backward, and to the left and right is described as the robots ________.

DOF

The path motion for __________robots is a series of straight lines between hundreds of possible programmed points, with no real control of the end effectors movement between the points

Point to point

The ________ provides the energy to drive the robot's controller and actuators.

Power Supply

The extending and retracting movement of a robot arm is an example of _________ traverse motion.

Radial

Robots receive information about their surroundings through their ___________ devices in the system.

Sensory Feedback

A ____________ is a set of instructions within a program that has a beginning and an end.

Subroutine

A ____________ is a set of instructions within a program

Subroutines

A __________ measures the acceleration and deceleration of the manipulator..

Tachometer

___________ programming systems offer interactive screens that create, teach, debug, and run application programs.

Task-level

The goals of an operation are specified, instead of points in the process.

Task-level Programming

Examples of a means for programming...

Teach Pendant, Teach Box, Hand-held Programmer

In __________________programming, recorded points are used to generate a point to point path the robot follows during operation.

Teach-Pendant

An operator leads the robot through an operation and records desired points into memory.

Teach-Pendant Programming

True/False... A servo amplifier translates signals from the controller into motor voltage and current signals.

True

True/False..... Hierarchical control systems use sensory feedback to close control loops.

True

True/False..... Limited-sequence robots use pick and place motion to move the end effector to the correct position.

True

True/False..... Off-line programming is performed away from the robot, using a computer.

True

True/False..... Task-level programming replaces hundreds of lines of programming code with menu-selected statements to improve programming efficiency.

True

True/False..... Walk-through programming is used for continuous-path robots.

True

True/False...The 4 major work envelopes are revolute, Cartesian, cylindrical, spherical

True

With ___________ motion, control of the end effectors path is more important than the need point positioning.

continuous-path

A ___________ actuator drive system operates using many of the same principles used in hydraulic actuator drive systems.

pnuematic

3 classifications of a robots pattern of movement are what??

1. Pick and Place 2. Point to Point 3. Continuous Path

The shape of a robots work envelope is determined by the __________.

1. Type of coordinate system 2. Arrangement of joints 3. Length of the manipulators segments

Three common characteristics used to classify robots are type of __________, type of actuator drive, and shape of the work envelope.

Control system used

The _________ is the part of a robot that coordinates all movements of the mechanical system.

Controller

The __________ configuration consists of two orthogonal slides placed at a 90 degree angle and mounted on a rotary axis.

Cylindrical

3 types of motors commonly used for ________ actuator drives include AC servo motors, DC servo motors, and stepper motors.

Electric

A device that prevents an end effector from moving beyond a certain point is an ___________.

End Stop

The _________ is the robots hand.

End effector

In ___________ programming, each level accepts commands from the level above and generates simplified commands for the level below.

Hierarchical Control

In _____________ programming, sensor inputs affect how the robot responds.

Hierarchical Control

Each level generates simplified commands.

Hierarchical Control Programming

Sensory feedback affects robot operation

Hierarchical Control Programming

A ____________ drive system uses fluid and consists of a pump connected to a reservoir tank, control valves, and an actuator.

Hydraulic

A multi-function manipulator programmed to perform various tasks is an ___________

Industrial Robot

A robot that can detect changes in the work environment and use decision-making abilities to determine how to proceed.

Intelligent Robot

In _____________ programming, an operator adjust end stops, switches, cams, wires, and hoses to set up the sequence of robot motion.

Manual

_____________ programming is typically simple and does no require an operator skilled in the use of computers

Manual

Only two positions are programmed for each axis.

Manual Programming

The simpliest type of robot is a ________ robot, also called a limited sequence robot.

Non-servo

A manipulator that performs the movement to complete a task based on numerical data provided.

Numerically Controlled Robot

Which programming method allows a robot to remain in operation while a new program is written and debugged?

Off-Line

Programming away from the robot.

Off-line

Programming at the robots console

Online Programming

In an ________ system, no feedback mechanism is used to compare programmed position to actual positions.

Open loop

With ____________ motion, control of the end effectors path is more important than the end point positioning.

Pick and place

A manipulator that can reproduce a sequence of movement originally executed under the control of a human operator.

Playback Robot

The __________ level in Hierarchical control programming receives commands for elemental moves.

Third

The ___________ generation of robots evolved through the use of artificial intelligence.

Third