Rock Cycle & Weathering & Erosion Study Guide

The root of a plant can grow through cracks in a driveway, eventually causing the driveway to break. Which kind of process would be taking place?

weathering

In areas where limestone is present underneath the soil, continued rains can alter the limestone formation. The limestone can change to a highly porous formation that can lead to the formation of caves and sinkholes. Which process id directly responsible for changing the limestone?

weathering (chemical)

Which is the correct order in the process of sedimentary rock formation?

weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction

What has to occur to change igneous rock into sediment?

weathering, transportation, and deposition

Explain how erosion happens and hive three consequences of erosion.

wind, gravity, water, human activity, and machinery accidents, hunger, less crops

Which process contributes most to the formation of a sinkhole?

chemical weathering

What process account for the formation of horizontally layered rocks?

compaction and cementation

Which of these are part of the geologic process that changes metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock?

erosion and deposition

Coal is solid rock that began as organic material that was deposited in a swamp. The formation of coal suggests that...

geologic processes continue over millions of years.

Which of these is the best example of physical weathering?

ice fracturing a stone

As rain falls on the top of a cliff, water seeps into the CRACKS of the rock. As the temperature reaches 0 degrees celsius, the water expands and breaks the rock apart. Eventually, the rock falls to the ground. Which statement best describes the process?

ice wedging

Chemical weathering occurs when minerals in rock are changed chemically. Which of these will most likely change the rate of chemical weathering on a rock?

increase in rainfall amounts

Which stamens best describes magma and lava?

magma is a molten rock found at depth, including any dissolved gases and crystals

Which of these best describe how the surface of a beach id formed?

mechanical weathering

Rocks can be classified many different ways, including as igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. This classification is based on the...

method of formation of the rocks

The students observed a green discoloration on the cracks of a statue. Which process were the students observing?

oxidation (think of the statue of liberty)

A student observed a large crack found in a boulder with a tree growing out of it. Which process were the students observing?

physical weathering

A group of citizens want to have a statue built out of marble. They want to place it in a climate that has a slow rate of chemical weathering. In which type of climate would it be best to place the statue for the slowest rate of chemical weathering?

cold and dry

In order for sediments to become rock, the sediments are generally...

compacted

Students studying rocks notice that in a particular location there are many igneous rocks that are very similar. This observation best supports which statement?

a nearby volcano has once been active

Which of the following is best evidence that an area of land was once covered by a glacier?

abrasion of surface rocks

How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact an environment?

by increasing erosion

A scientists finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?

pressure on the rock formation inside the Earth

Sinkholes are features found in certain parts of the world. Which is the cause of sinkholes formation?

sedimentary rocks being exposed into acidic water

Granite is an igneous rock. Which of these describes what usually happens to granite after it is weathered, broken into small particles, buried deep underground, and compacted?

the granite becomes a new rock type

The weathering of landforms depends on various factors. Which area would most likely have the fastest rate of chemical weathering?

warm and moist regions

A student observes the many V-shaped valleys that are part of the Grand Canyon National Park. What destructive force has done the most work on the landscape?

water erosion