Rowe Chapter 11 Study Guide

What was populism?

Movement to increase farmers political power into work for legislation in their interest

What was the Pendleton Act?

The first civil service measure, written exam rather than patronage

What was the Sherman anti Trust act?

The first measure to prohibit trusts

Who was James Blaine?

The halfbreed's party boss

Who was WEB Du Bois?

The leader of a new generation of African-American activists born after the Civil War

What was the colored farmers national alliance?

Helped its members economically by setting up cooperatives

What was a Halfbreed?

In favor of civil service reform and the merit system

What was a Stalwart?

In favor of political machines and patronage

What was the Atlanta compromise?

Increased acts of discrimination against African Americans

What was the poll tax?

A $2 tax a person is required to pay before they are allowed to vote

What is inflation?

A decline in the value of money

What are Mugwumps?

A person who remains aloof or independent from party issues

What were the Ocala demands?

A platform for economic and political reform that was later adopted by the People's party

What is the Grange?

A social outlet in educational forum for isolated farmers

Who was Ida B Wells?

A young African-American who launched a fearless crusade against the lynchings

What were exodusters?

African Americans from the south who migrated to Kansas

What was the people's party?

Also known as Populists, nominated candidates to run for Congress and legislature

What was the farmers alliance?

An economic movement among American farmers

What is deflation?

An increase in the value of money and a decrease in the level of prices

What are exchanges?

An organized market place where buyers and sellers negotiate prices

Who was William Jennings Bryan?

Candidate for president for populists and democrats

What was the interstate commerce commission?

Designed to regulate interstate commerce

What was the decision in Plessy vs. Ferguson?

Endorsed "desperate but equal" facilities for African Americans

What are lynchings?

Executions without proper court proceedings

What is a patronage?

Giving privilege or financial encouragement to a person or organization

What are sharecroppers?

Landless farmers who has to hand over to a landlord a large amount of their crops to cover the cost of rent, seed, tools, etc

What are Jim Crow laws?

Laws that required Segregation of public services by race

What was the McKinley Tariff?

Lowered federal revenue and transformed the nation surplus into budget deficit

What are cooperatives?

Marketing organizations that worked for the benefit of their members

What was the graduated income tax?

One that taxed higher earnings more heavily

Harlan

Only person that didn't vote

What were greenbacks?

Paper currency that cannot be exchanged for gold or silver coins

Who was James B. Weaver?

Populist party presidential candidate

Who was Rutherford B Hayes?

President 1877, attacked the practice of patronage by appointing reformers to his cabinet andreplacing officials who owned their jobs to party bosses

What did the 15th amendment do?

Prohibited states from denying citizens the right to vote in the basis of "race, color, etc"

Who was Booker T. Washington?

Proposed that African-Americans concentrate on achieving economic goals rather Then legal or political ones

Who was James Garfield?

Republican half breed, supported the civil service reform in order to defy the stalwarts

Who was Benjamin Harrison?

Republican president; Cleveland beat him after 2nd term; depression

Who was Chester Arthur?

Republican stalwart, passed the Pendleton act

What happened at the Haymarket Square in Chicago?

Riot/bombing of police officers; exploded at labor administration

What is segregation?

Separation of the races

What was the decision in Wabash versus Illinois?

Severely limited the rights of states to control interstate commerce

What did grandfather clause do?

Used to prevent many African Americans from voting

What was the literacy test?

Voters had to test their literacy in order to vote

Who was William McKinley?

Wagered a "front porch campaign"

Who was Grover Cleveland?

Wants to reduce the tariff