Rowe Chapter 11 Study Guide
What was populism?
Movement to increase farmers political power into work for legislation in their interest
What was the Pendleton Act?
The first civil service measure, written exam rather than patronage
What was the Sherman anti Trust act?
The first measure to prohibit trusts
Who was James Blaine?
The halfbreed's party boss
Who was WEB Du Bois?
The leader of a new generation of African-American activists born after the Civil War
What was the colored farmers national alliance?
Helped its members economically by setting up cooperatives
What was a Halfbreed?
In favor of civil service reform and the merit system
What was a Stalwart?
In favor of political machines and patronage
What was the Atlanta compromise?
Increased acts of discrimination against African Americans
What was the poll tax?
A $2 tax a person is required to pay before they are allowed to vote
What is inflation?
A decline in the value of money
What are Mugwumps?
A person who remains aloof or independent from party issues
What were the Ocala demands?
A platform for economic and political reform that was later adopted by the People's party
What is the Grange?
A social outlet in educational forum for isolated farmers
Who was Ida B Wells?
A young African-American who launched a fearless crusade against the lynchings
What were exodusters?
African Americans from the south who migrated to Kansas
What was the people's party?
Also known as Populists, nominated candidates to run for Congress and legislature
What was the farmers alliance?
An economic movement among American farmers
What is deflation?
An increase in the value of money and a decrease in the level of prices
What are exchanges?
An organized market place where buyers and sellers negotiate prices
Who was William Jennings Bryan?
Candidate for president for populists and democrats
What was the interstate commerce commission?
Designed to regulate interstate commerce
What was the decision in Plessy vs. Ferguson?
Endorsed "desperate but equal" facilities for African Americans
What are lynchings?
Executions without proper court proceedings
What is a patronage?
Giving privilege or financial encouragement to a person or organization
What are sharecroppers?
Landless farmers who has to hand over to a landlord a large amount of their crops to cover the cost of rent, seed, tools, etc
What are Jim Crow laws?
Laws that required Segregation of public services by race
What was the McKinley Tariff?
Lowered federal revenue and transformed the nation surplus into budget deficit
What are cooperatives?
Marketing organizations that worked for the benefit of their members
What was the graduated income tax?
One that taxed higher earnings more heavily
Harlan
Only person that didn't vote
What were greenbacks?
Paper currency that cannot be exchanged for gold or silver coins
Who was James B. Weaver?
Populist party presidential candidate
Who was Rutherford B Hayes?
President 1877, attacked the practice of patronage by appointing reformers to his cabinet andreplacing officials who owned their jobs to party bosses
What did the 15th amendment do?
Prohibited states from denying citizens the right to vote in the basis of "race, color, etc"
Who was Booker T. Washington?
Proposed that African-Americans concentrate on achieving economic goals rather Then legal or political ones
Who was James Garfield?
Republican half breed, supported the civil service reform in order to defy the stalwarts
Who was Benjamin Harrison?
Republican president; Cleveland beat him after 2nd term; depression
Who was Chester Arthur?
Republican stalwart, passed the Pendleton act
What happened at the Haymarket Square in Chicago?
Riot/bombing of police officers; exploded at labor administration
What is segregation?
Separation of the races
What was the decision in Wabash versus Illinois?
Severely limited the rights of states to control interstate commerce
What did grandfather clause do?
Used to prevent many African Americans from voting
What was the literacy test?
Voters had to test their literacy in order to vote
Who was William McKinley?
Wagered a "front porch campaign"
Who was Grover Cleveland?
Wants to reduce the tariff