Rutgers Gen Bio Exam 2

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If the ploydy is 2n=22, how many tetrads at metaphase 2?

0, Bitch

How many Divisions in Mitosis?

1

If the ploydy is 2n=22, how many tetrads at metaphase 1?

11

how many divisions in Meiosis?

2

Telophase 1

2 daughter cells are formed, each daughter cell contains only one chromosome of the homologous pair.

If the ploydy is 2n=22, how many chromasomes at metaphase 1?

22

Telophase

After the chromosome seperates, the cell seals off, Final Phase of Mitosis.

Recessive allele

An allele that is masked

Ligase

An enzyme that connects two fragments of DNA to make a single fragment

Primase

An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer using the parental DNA strand as a template.

Why does Autosomal Dominant diseases suck?

B/c only one allele is needed to get the disease

Why is DDNT always at the end?

Because Dye is there

G1

Cell Functions/ Growth

G2

Cell prepares for division

Metaphase 2

Centromeres of chromosomes line up randomly at the equator of each cell.

Prophase 1

Chromosomes become visible; nuclear envelope breaks down; crossing-over occurs.

Metaphase

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

What's 1:1:0:0?

Completely linked

Which Bases are Pyrimidine?

Cytosine and thymine

S phase

DNA is replicated

Transcription sequence

DNA-> MRNA

Cytokinesis

Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells

Difference between Mitosis and Binary Fission

Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes

What did Thomas Morgan work with?

Flies

Interphase

G1, S, and G2 Happens

2 Homologous Chromosomes

Gamates

Segragation

Homologous chromosomes separate during Anaphase 1

True Breeding

Homozygous

neither all equal ratio or 1:1:0:0

Incomplete Linkage

Translation Sequence

MRNA-> Polypeptide

What did Griffith work with?

Mice bacteria and shit

What happens if not many Primers in PCR?

No Annealing

What happens if temp change in PCR?

No Elongation

mutation to histones leads to what

No condensation, no prophase

What happens if no TAQ in PCR?

No extension

what if no Primase?

No gosh darn replication

Metaphase 1

Paired homologous chromosomes line up across the center of the cell (tetrads)

Dominant allele

Phenotype showing

What doesn't change during S phase

Ploydy

Mandel's Hypothesis - the eff he find?

Segregation and independent assortment

Anaphase 2

Sister chromatids separate

Binary Fission

Starts at origin, gets longer and longer, splits in half

What's affected when membranes can't reform

Telophase

Prophase 2

The duplicated chromosomes and spindle fibers reappear in each new cell.

Sequence of Gene Expression

Transcription and Translation

What did Hershey and Chase Find?

Using Sulfur and Phosphorous, they found that DNA passes on heredity, not protiens

Which bases are Purine?

adenine and guanine

Prophase

chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears.

Mutation of Release

doesn't let go

Monohybrid

genetic crosses that involve one trait

Anaphase 1

homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell

Transcription

initiation, elongation, termination, add cap tail

If the ploydy is 2n=22, how many chromasomes at metaphase 2?

n=11

Mutation of Ribosyme

no peptide bond

Translation

translation initiation, TRNA at A site finds peptide bond, adds polypeptide, releases at stop codon

All equal ratio

unlinked

Genetic Imprinting

when one gene is expressed


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