SAAD Test 2
57. Context diagrams show the entire system in context with the environment (like external entities).
True
57. In an entity called STUDENT, you might find attributes of Student-ID, Last-Name, First-Name and cell-phone.
True
59. The purpose of the Level 0 DFD is to show all the major high-level processes of the system and how they are interrelated.
True
59. Use cases can vary from one organization to another in terms of the content included?
True
60. In general, all process models will have as many level 1 diagrams as there are processes on the level 0 diagram.
True
60. Relationships are associations between entities.
True
60. Use cases can vary from one organization to another in terms of the degree of formality employed?
True
61. Children processes collectively make up the parent process (but give more detail).
True
64. The three steps in creating an ERD are: (1) identify the entities (2) identify the attributes (3) identify the relationships
True
65. Metadata is data about data.
True
66. Project teams usually use process modeling tools or CASE tools to draw process models.
True
67. In defining the data characteristics of Universal Product Codes, we might describe them as twelve characters made up of digits - numeric only.
True
69. One of the first places to start developing Entity Relationship Diagrams is by looking at the level 0 process models (DFD) and the use cases for data flows and data stores.
True
69. While there is no one right way to begin, the authors have found it useful to first build the context diagram showing all the external entities to the system.
True
70. Data modeling is an iterative process.
True
71. When validating ERD's you should balance ERD entities with the data flows and data stores from the DFD process diagrams.
True
72. CRUD stands for create, read, update and delete and can be used to verify DFDs and ERDs.
True
58. The level 0 diagram shows all the major processes (at the first level of numbering - like 1 through 4), the data stores, data flows, but does not show external entities.
False
61. Relationships are drawn with lines showing cardinality and plurality.
False
61. The actor of a use case refers to only a person that interacts with the system?
False
62. It is possible to decompose level 1 processes even farther, so for example, process 2.1 on a Level 1 DFD might become 2.1A, 2.1B, 2.1C, etc.
False
62. The event that causes the use case to begin is referred to as the Name?
False
63. The three steps in creating an ERD are: (1) identify the entities (2) identify the processes (3) identify the relationships
False
63. Triggers are referred to as external or internal?
False
64. A 'black hole' error on a DFD is when a process creates output without an input.
False
65. Data cannot go from one process to another process without going to a data store first
False
66. CASE tools have 'data repositories'.
False
67. Structured English uses complete sentences to describe the work that a process performs in a system.
False
68. Data cannot go from one process to another process without going to a data store first
False
68. In defining LAST-NAME in the data dictionary, we might describe it as a character field having from 1 to 15 alphabetic characters.
False
70. Iterations are not used in good DFD design.
False
52. On an ERD, similar kinds of information are listed together and placed inside boxes called data containers.
False
52. The most common ways to gather information for use cases is with questionnaires of the affected users.
False
53. Use cases generally have up to 20 major steps spelled out in great detail.
False
54. An entity is described by an action verb.
False
56. Liang has identified the payroll authorization office as the primary actor in a use case. This would be incorrect as primary actors need to be singular like a customer or a patient or a student.
False
57. Project managers, business analysts and systems analysts create all use cases without user input.
False
58. In an entity called STUDENT, you might find attributes of PROFESSOR-ID, Last-Name, FirstName and CLASSROOM.
False
58. The final step in Building Use Cases is to use a CASE analysis tool to verify that the inputs and outputs are discrete items triggered by external events.
False
59. Relationships are some type of information that is captured about entities.
False
43. One of the most commonly used techniques for data modeling is ERD's.
True
44. Each use case has a name and a number.
True
45. A repository for data in DFDs is called a 'data store'
True
46. The 'primary actor' is the external user that triggers the event to which the system responds.
True
47. A textbook-provided example of a 'full-service CASE' tool is Visible Analyst.
True
47. A well-constructed use case makes developing a data flow diagram fairly straightforward.
True
49. A graphical illustration that shows the information that is created, stored and used by a business system would be an ERD.
True
49. Every process on a DFD must have at least one input data flow.
True
49. External triggers might be something like a customer calling a doctor for an appointment or a student registering for a class.
True
50. A temporal trigger might be related to time, such as 30 days have passed and a late fee needs to be assessed.
True
50. Every process has a unique identification number, a name and a description.
True
62. ERD's can be quite complex and might have hundreds or thousands of entities.
True
63. The second law of conservation of data states: "Processes cannot consume or create data".
True
64. It is common practice to create smaller, more focused use cases breaking the whole process down into parts.
True
53. Data stores are named with nouns and have an identification number and description.
True
55. Entities are further designed with attributes.
True
55. Many business processes are too complex to be explained in one DFD.
True
55. Tina is a systems analysis and is describing how a system should react to an event. She is creating a use case.
True
56. Entities are a person, place, or thing.
True
56. One important principal in process modeling with DFD's is the decomposition on the business processes into a series of DFD's.
True
42. According to the authors "Process modeling - and the creating of PMPs in particular - is one of the most important skills needed by systems analysts".
False
45. ERD's and DFD's are two techniques for data modeling.
False
45. Use cases are always numbered sequentially from start to finish.
False
48. A trigger is based on cost/benefit analysis, like an employee labor report, a sale of an item, or the purchase of new hardware.
False
46. Data (like Year-to-date totals) that come from a data store and are used in a process (like 'Calculate YTD Totals') and then the updated amounts are written back to the data store - can be drawn on a DFD model as a two-headed arrow.
False
46. ERD's and DFD's are two techniques for process modeling.
False
47. The 'primary actor' is the internal action that occurs based on a SQL query (like: sort, select).
False
48. An ERD is a picture that shows how data and information is processed and transformed by a business system.
False
48. The data stores on the DFD correspond to Major Steps Performed on a use case.
False
Each use case has the same name (like "Customer Relationship Management System") followed by an identifying letter ("A", "B", etc.).
False
33. Use Cases give more detail about requirements.
True
34. A Use Case is a formal way of representing how a business system interacts with its environment.
True
36. The normal order of processes would be: requirements gathering, use case development, process modeling (data flow diagrams).
True
36. Use cases sometimes are called 'business scenarios'.
True
37. Use cases illustrate the activities that are performed by the users of the system.
True
39. A use case depicts a set of activities performed to produce some output result.
True
39. Data models can be either logical or physical.
True
39. Process models can be used with either 'as-is' systems or 'to-be' systems.
True
40. Data Flow diagramming is a tool for doing process modeling.
True
40. During the analysis phase logical data models are created.
True
41. Use cases are a type of 'event-driven modeling'.
True
42. A data model is a formal way of representing the data that are used and created by a business system.
True
43. Each use case contains a fairly complete description of all the activities that occur in response to a trigger event.
True
15. On your level 0 diagram you have a process #2 and when you create a level 1 diagram for process #2, you might have processes like: a) 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 b) 2-1, 2-2, 2-3 c) 2A, 2B, 2C d) 2-A, 2-B, 2-C e) 2-initial, 2-main, 2-end
a) 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
19. Vanessa has a data flow diagram with an item called 'Register for Class'. That item would be: a) A process b) A data flow c) A data store d) An external entity e) A process relationship
a) A process
24. A process is: a) An activity of a function that is performed for some specific business reason b) A single piece of data within a system c) A collection of data within a system d) A person, organization or system that is external to the system e) A combination of function and the data it acts upon
a) An activity of a function that is performed for some specific business reason
4. The primary actor in a use case is generally: a) An external user of the system b) The Project Sponsor c) The Champion d) The Project manager e) The Systems Analyst
a) An external user of the system
20. Andrei has a diagram that shows only one process and external entities. He is developing a: a) Context diagram b) Use case diagram c) Level 0 diagram d) Level 1 diagram e) Level 2 diagram
a) Context diagram
12. Barton is an analyst developing a use case. Which of the following will probably NOT be on his use case? a) Description of data flows b) Use case name c) A use case number d) Source for the major inputs e) Type of trigger
a) Description of data flows
18. Special cases (like customer cancels an appointment or returns an item) are: ____________ a) Frequently overlooked by users b) Described on special 'exception' use cases c) Not of importance at this stage d) Written as exceptions at the bottom of the relevant use case e) Given use case ID's of "SC" (for special case) and a number
a) Frequently overlooked by users
12. Ruth is an analyst. On her DFD a) Give it a verb phrase name, like 'search inventory' b) Give it a noun description phrase, like 'Inventory-process-1' c) Level 1 diagrams d) Level 2 diagrams e) Process Diagram
a) Give it a verb phrase name, like 'search inventory'
23. The last step in creating basic ERD's is to: a) Identify relationships b) Define attributes and assign identifiers c) Recognize entities d) Test them with users e) Compile them with Java
a) Identify relationships
30. Chunxia is balancing her DFD. This means she is: a) Making sure that all information presented at one level is accurately represented in the next level b) Making sure that each data store has at least one input data flow and at least one output data flow c) Making sure that each process has at least one input data flow and at least one output data flow d) Making sure that all processes start with action verb phrases e) Making sure that all data flows have noun names
a) Making sure that all information presented at one level is accurately represented in the next level
17. Information in the data dictionary is called: _______________ a) Metadata b) Cached information c) Compiled data d) Data repository e) File silo
a) Metadata
4. Logical process models are: a) Models that describe processes without suggesting how they are conducted b) Coded logic models c) Models based upon implementing the if-then-else programming structure d) Developed by the infrastructure analyst e) Created in the system walkthough
a) Models that describe processes without suggesting how they are conducted
28. When normalizing data models, if you take attributes that have multiple values for a single instance of an entity and create separate entities for those attributes you are moving from: a) O normal form to 1st normal form (1NF) b) 1st normal form (1NF) to 2nd normal form (2NF) c) 2nd normal form (2NF) to 3rd normal form (3NF) d) Generalized normal form (GNF) to fully normalized form (FNF) e) Dependent normal form (DNF) to Independent normal form (INF)
a) O normal form to 1st normal form (1NF)
33. Tom is trying to change his Use Case into a Data Flow Diagram. He has found that a use case step generally is the same as a ________ on the Level 1 Data flow diagram. a) Process b) External Entity c) Data flow d) Internal Entity e) Data store
a) Process
5. Processes in data flow diagramming are represented by: a) Rounded boxes b) Arrows c) Rectangles that is open on the right end d) Enclosed rectangles e) Circles
a) Rounded boxes
24. The Major Inputs section on a use case will give the _____________ a) Sources of that input b) Destinations of that input c) Creator of that input d) User of that input e) What triggers the input to occur
a) Sources of that input
8. Omar is an analyst building a use case. Which of the following project roles might be the most important in terms of getting information about building the use case? a) Users b) Programmers c) Other analysts d) Project Sponsor e) Equipment vendors
a) Users
16. Jack is developing an ERD for a small dental practice office patient record system. The dental practice has three dentists, six hygienists, and many patients. A patient is always assigned to the same dentist for all appointments. In particular, he is working on the relationship between dentists and patients. Should it be: a) 1 to 1, with a modality of null b) 1 to many with a modality of not null c) Many to many with a modality of null d) Many to many with a modality of not null e) 1 to many with a modality of null
b) 1 to many with a modality of not null
34. Which of the following would be a 'black hole' error on a DFD? a) A process has no input b) A process has no output c) A process has four inputs and only three outputs d) Data moves directly from a data store from an external entity e) Two processes send data flows to the same data store
b) A process has no output
7. A data flow is: a) An activity or a function that is performed for some specific business reason b) A single piece of data c) A collection of entities d) A trigger to a use case e) A person, organization or system outside of the system
b) A single piece of data
25. A data flow is: a) An activity of a function that is performed for some specific business reason b) A single piece of data within a system c) A collection of data within a system d) A person, organization or system that is external to the system e) A combination of function and the data it acts upon
b) A single piece of data within a system
28. Arianna is an analyst studying credit card fraud. She is working on developing a use case for when a stolen credit card is used. The trigger would be: a) Customer starts to buy gas b) Alarm is activated for stolen credit card use c) Gas attendant asks for customer's driver's license d) When the card-holder reports the card as stolen e) When car pulls into gas station
b) Alarm is activated for stolen credit card use
25. The Major Outputs section on a use case will give the _________ a) Sources of that input b) Destinations of that input c) Creator of that input d) User of that input e) What triggers the input to occur
b) Destinations of that input
26. Omar has a model with 85 entities. He can: a) Compress these into at most seven entity grouping units b) Group these into related subject areas c) Stop - he has all entities defined d) Sort the entities alphabetically e) Co-validate the entities with the level 2 DFD diagrams
b) Group these into related subject areas
32. The two methods to validate that an ERD is well formed are _____. a) Balancing with process models and following design guidelines created by Chen b) Normalization and balancing with process models c) Renaming theory d) Balancing with process models and renaming theory e) Normalization and following design guidelines created by Chen
b) Normalization and balancing with process models
13. You have entities of ITEM, SOLD-ITEM, SALE and PAYMENT. Which most likely is NOT a relationship? a) SALE is paid by PAYMENT b) PAYMENT pays for ITEM c) ITEM is included in SOLD-ITEM d) SALE involves SOLD-ITEM e) PAYMENT pays for SALE
b) PAYMENT pays for ITEM
6. Lines on an ERD diagram indicate: a) Hierarchies between processes b) Relationships among the data c) Plurality of data items d) Uniqueness of data items e) Primary keys
b) Relationships among the data
7. Which of the following is probably NOT a part of most use cases? a) Primary Actor b) Secondary Actor c) Major inputs descriptions d) Major steps performed e) Identification of the trigger
b) Secondary Actor
7. Which of the following is NOT true about ERDs? a) Special symbols are added to show high-level business rules b) The diagrams are drawn in a sequential order - from top to bottom c) Similar kinds of information are listed together in entities d) ERD's are data modeling techniques e) Lines are drawn to show relationships among the data
b) The diagrams are drawn in a sequential order - from top to bottom
17. You might have to go back and adjust the steps in a use case, if ____________ a) There are more than three major inputs to a step b) The steps are of varying size c) The trigger is an external one d) The importance level is 'high' e) The primary actor is an external customer
b) The steps are of varying size
15. Modality refers to: a) Relationships of one-to-one one-to-many or many-to-many b) Whether a child entity can exist with or without a related instance in the parent entity c) The hierarchical structure that was developed in process models applied to data models d) The number of attributes generated by an entity e) Whether the entity has a unique identifier (aka 'primary key') or a concatenated identifier (aka 'composite key')
b) Whether a child entity can exist with or without a related instance in the parent entity
36. If the logical data model does not contain attributes that have repeating values it is in _____. a) base normal form b) first normal form c) non-normal form d) second normal form e) third normal form
b) first normal form
16. A payroll data flow diagram has a data-store called Accumulated Salary Data. At one stage in the DFD, a process "Calculate YTD-Taxes" gets data from that data store, updates it in the process, and writes it back out. The diagram should show: a) A single line with arrows on both ends labeled YTD Payroll Details b) A dashed line with arrows on both ends labeled YTD Payroll Details c) A line out of the data store labeled: Current YTD Payroll Details and a line into the data store labeled Updated YTD Payroll Details d) Two separate data flow lines but each with the same name YTD Payroll Details e) Two dashed lines but each with the same name of YTD Payroll Details
c) A line out of the data store labeled: Current YTD Payroll Details and a line into the data store labeled Updated YTD Payroll Details
11. Andrea is creating a diagram model for processes (without regard to whether it is computerized or a manual process). She is probably creating _______________. a) A physical process model b) A PMT (process management tool) model c) A logical process model d) A user process model e) A UML system case model
c) A logical process model
27. When developing the Major Inputs and Major Outputs for a use case, the analyst and users should consider: a) Only the common inputs and outputs b) Developing separate use cases for every possible input and every possible output c) All possible inputs and outputs (even with rare occurrences) d) What triggers these inputs and outputs e) Using activity elimination to see if these inputs and outputs are really needed
c) All possible inputs and outputs (even with rare occurrences)
2. A data model can __________: a) Illustrate return-on-investment, break-even point, and economic feasibility b) Represent actions or processes that occur in the to-be system c) Be used as a logical data model in analysis and as a physical data model in design d) Only be used in BPR situations e) Only be used with JAD sessions
c) Be used as a logical data model in analysis and as a physical data model in design
9. Which would NOT likely be an attribute of an entity called "Student"? a) Age b) Student identification number c) Class room number d) Home phone e) Gender
c) Class room number
18. Entity Relationship Diagrams show relationships between entities that are _____. a) Outputs from JAD sessions b) Consistent with the ACM guidelines c) In line with the business rules and processing d) Defined by the project sponsor e) Extensions of the process models
c) In line with the business rules and processing
32. Which would be the normal order of tasks? a) Requirements gathering, creating DFDs, creating use cases b) Creating use cases, creating DFD, holding JAD sessions c) Interviewing and/or JAD sessions, creating use cases, creating data flow diagrams d) Doing BPR, analyzing documents, creating DFDs, creating use cases e) Doing activity elimination, doing use cases, doing DFDs
c) Interviewing and/or JAD sessions, creating use cases, creating data flow diagrams
21. What diagram will have processes with one decimal place (like 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3) and might have flows coming in (or going out) that are not illustrated? a) Context diagram b) Level 0 diagram c) Level 1 diagram d) UML state diagram e) Level 0 diagram
c) Level 1 diagram
13. Destination would be described on a use case in which of the following areas?: a) Trigger b) Major inputs c) Major outputs d) Primary actor e) Importance level
c) Major outputs
33. Andrew, an analyst for PaxMedia Inc., has just learned that the business rules for a system he has been working on have changed. This means that _____. a) Nothing - once the ERD data models have been drawn, they are 'frozen' for the system b) Andrew will be reassigned to a different project that is in its beginning stages c) The ERD components will have to be changed d) The ERD data model will have to be put on hold while new DFD diagrams are created e) The project will have to be scrapped and restarted
c) The ERD components will have to be changed
6. The relation between use cases and data flow diagrams is generally: a) Use cases are developed by users and data flow diagrams are developed by systems analysts b) Data flow diagrams are developed first and then use cases ensue c) Use cases are developed first and then data flow diagrams ensue d) Use cases show logical processes, while data flow diagrams show physical processes e) There is not a relationship between use cases and data flow diagrams
c) Use cases are developed first and then data flow diagrams ensue
31. Data flow diagrams are: a) Usually created by users and reviewed by analysts b) Usually jointly created by analysts and users c) Usually created by the project team and reviewed by users for correctness d) Usually created by the project champion and reviewed by the project team e) Usually created by business analyst and reviewed by the infrastructure analyst
c) Usually created by the project team and reviewed by users for correctness
29. Independent entities are: a) When a child requires attributes from the parent b) When there is only one entity for a data process model c) When an entity can exist without the help of another entity d) Where the entity identifier is also the primary key e) When an entity comes from an external source (aka 'external entity')
c) When an entity can exist without the help of another entity
30. A(n) _____ entity is an entity at the "1" end of a relationship or an entity with an identifier that describes only the entity. a) dependent b) incomplete c) independent d) intersection e) non-identifying
c) independent
14. The lines that connect the entities are referred to as? a) Data flows b) connectors c) relationships d) crow's feet e) foreign key
c) relationships
35. When the analyst is evaluating a data model to ensure that all fields in a record depend fully on the entire primary key, which step of normalization is being performed? a) base normal form b) first normal form c) second normal form d) third normal form e) cannot tell from this information
c) second normal form
31. A(n) _____ entity cannot exist without the presence of another entity and is normally on the "many" end of a relationship or has an identifier that is based on another entity's attribute. a. independent b. incomplete c. dependent d. variable e. non-complying
c. dependent
23. The context diagram shows: a) Detailed processing logic b) All major processes c) All the data stores in the system d) The "big picture" of the system with external entities and only one process e) The system in context with all other systems in that department (for example, accounts payable, accounts receivable, etc.)
d) The "big picture" of the system with external entities and only one process
5. A 'temporal' trigger might be which of the following: a) A patient calls to make an appointment with a doctor b) The accounting department needs information for a report c) The human resources department needs a tax withholding form to be filled out by a new employee d) The date changes to the first day
d) The date changes to the first day
22. In adding attributes to an ERD, which of the following might NOT be a good resource for attributes? a) From the CASE tool b) Data flows from DFD's c) Requirements documents d) The system proposal document e) Through interviews (what users need for reports and processing)
d) The system proposal document
2. Which is NOT true of use cases? a) They are formal ways of representing how a business system interacts with its environment b) They illustrates the activities that are performed by the users of the system c) They can be thought of as an external or functional view of a business process d) They illustrate what starts (or triggers) an event, all the people that are involved, and how the system provides value e) They sometimes are called 'business scenarios' (although 'use case' is generally preferred)
d) They illustrate what starts (or triggers) an event, all the people that are involved, and how the system provides value
9. Brianna has a process has two inputs but only one output. a) This is an error as there needs to be the same amount of inputs as outputs b) This is an error as process do not have inputs or outputs c) This is normal as all processes have two inputs and one output d) This is normal as all processes need at least one input and at least one output e) This is an error as processes only produce output
d) This is normal as all processes need at least one input and at least one output
8. An external entity is: a) An activity or a function that is performed for some specific business reason b) A single piece of data c) A collection of data d) A trigger to a use case e) A person, organization or system outside of the system
e) A person, organization or system outside of the system
31. Some organizations may choose to include additional sections on their use case forms, these may include: a) Frequency of use b) Assumptions c) Notes and issues d) None of these e) All of these
e) All of these
20. Use cases generally have three parts: _____. a) Basic information, details, and event-driven modeling b) Inputs and outputs, and events c) Details, event-driven modeling, basic information d) Technical feasibility, economic feasibility and organizational feasibility e) Basic information, inputs and outputs, and details
e) Basic information, inputs and outputs, and details
38. Balance occurs between DFDs and ERDs when the data stores _____ a) Are uniquely named b) Have only one input and one output flow c) Are named the same as the relationships on the ERD d) Can be compared to ERD data flows and attributes on the ERD are included in data stores on the DFD e) Can be equated to entities on the ERD and when entities are referred to by data stores on the DFD
e) Can be equated to entities on the ERD and when entities are referred to by data stores on the DFD
11. Which would likely be an entity on a car insurance ERD? a) date b) Gender c) company d) fire district e) Car
e) Car
21. In creating ERD's, which would most likely NOT be a source for entities? a) Use cases b) Level 0 DFD diagrams c) External entities d) Data flows e) Cost / benefit reports
e) Cost / benefit reports
44. Data that is moving from a process to another process is called a 'data stream'.
False
44. ERD's are drawn in several levels: Context ERD diagrams Level 0 ERD diagrams Level 1 ERD diagrams.
False
50. An illustration of the transformation of data into business value is an ERD.
False
52. Data flows are named with verb phrases (like 'Move Payroll Information to Payroll Database').
False
35. Use cases are the same as process diagrams.
False
37. A process model is an informal way of showing the external entities, event triggers, inputs and outputs.
False
38. Process models are only used to document the current system (that is, the "as-is" system), since that is the system the users know and is the system that will be modified.
False
38. Use cases are always internal and rarely shared or discussed with business users.
False
40. Use cases are diagrams with three components: selection, process, iteration.
False
41. Data flow diagrams (as the name implies) focus on the physical data in a system.
False
41. During the analysis phase, analysts create programming models to represent how the business system will operate.
False
42. Use cases are a type of 'data-driven modeling'.
False
43. Processes in DFDs are shown as circles in the Gane and Sarson notation.
False
54. Dr. O'Brien's dental office calls a patient three days before an appointment. This could be an example of a temporal trigger.
True
54. External entities are a person, organization, or system that is external to the system, but interacts with it.
True
51. An analyst can read an ERD to discover the individual pieces of information in a system and how they are organized and related to each other.
True
51. Processes should be named with a verb and ending with a noun (like Calculate Sales Tax).
True
51. Use cases will have inputs and outputs.
True
53. An entity is the basic building block for a data model.
True
24. What type of process is creating an ERD? a) Well defined process b) Sequential process c) Process defined by five steps d) Iterative process e) User defined process
d) Iterative process
35. Ramesh has drawn a set of DFD's that are not properly balanced. This is probably a: a) Syntax error b) Semantic error c) Modeling error d) First law of conservation of data error e) Second law of conservation of data error
a) Syntax error
16. Marta has asked the users of a system to picture themselves performing the processes and to write down those processes in a sequential order. She should get a good idea of ________. a) The major steps for each use case b) The use case c) The elements within steps d) The temporal triggers e) The external actors
a) The major steps for each use case
10. The relationship between use cases and data flow diagrams is: a) Use cases tend to be developed with users to make sure the analyst has fully captured the processes and relationships DFD's are built upon the use cases to more fully formally understand the processes involved b) Both are tools in a systems analysts toolbox, although they do unrelated things c) Use cases are developed by users exclusively while DFD's are developed by analysts exclusively d) Use cases come out of JAD sessions and clarify what was discussed by users in those sessions DFD's come out of analysts interviews. e) They are the same thing - use cases are process models using the DeMarco and Yourdon notation and DFD's are process models using the Gane and Sarson notation.
a) Use cases tend to be developed with users to make sure the analyst has fully captured the processes and relationships DFD's are built upon the use cases to more fully formally understand the processes involved
10. Austin is a systems analyst. Which of the follow people might be the most valuable to him in developing a use case for an accounts payable system upgrade? a) Beth, a software vendor for Peachtree Accounting Software b) Amy, a team manager in the accounts payable department c) Lisa, the project manager for the project d) Casey, a fellow analyst who is more experienced in making use cases e) Bill, a Java programmer in the applications development area.
b) Amy, a team manager in the accounts payable department
23. As a last step in building a use case for the study-abroad registration system, Brianna will: a) Ask Patrick in the study abroad office to confirm the use case b) Ask Wendy in the registrar's office to confirm the use case c) Ask Jonathan, a student who just completed a study-abroad experience, to confirm the use case d) Ask Drew in the students affairs office to confirm the use case e) Ask Taylor, another systems analyst to confirm the use case
b) Ask Wendy in the registrar's office to confirm the use case
29. Decomposing a DFD means: a) Balancing the processes so that each process has three and only three sub-processes b) Breaking complex processes into a structured set of detailed diagrams c) Doing a walk through on the entire DFD structure with all the analysts on the project team d) Taking lower levels of process refinement and aggregating them into a major system e) Making sure that all data stores are shown on each child DFD diagram
b) Breaking complex processes into a structured set of detailed diagrams
20. What is true about creating an entity relationship diagram? a) There will be at most seven entities b) There will be at most seven relationships c) If you identify more than seven entities, analyze and combine until you have seven or less d) It is an iterative process e) Entities will have at most seven attributes
d) It is an iterative process
22. After working with Chris (who is a staff member in the registrar's office) on major steps in the registration process, Maureen (a systems analyst) will: a) Discuss these steps with Thomas, the project manager b) Create data-entity maps c) Create use cases d) Create user interface screens e) Create narrative storyboards
c) Create use cases
5. On an ERD _________________: a) Processes are listed alphabetically with relationship connections drawn between processes b) Data elements are listed alphabetically with a cross listing to the processes that manipulate them c) Data elements are described as singular (1:1) plurals (1:N) or didactic (M:N) d) Data elements are grouped in a hierarchical structure that is uniquely identified by number e) Data elements are listed together and place inside boxes called entities.
c) Data elements are described as singular (1:1) plurals (1:N) or didactic (M:N)
29. The second principal part of use cases is 'input and output'. Another name might be: a) Origin and ending b) Data normalization c) Data flows d) Parallelism e) Program specifications
c) Data flows
2. A process model can __________: a) Only document the as-is system b) Only document the to-be system c) Document both the as-is and the to-be system d) Only be used in BPR situations e) Only be used with JAD sessions
c) Document both the as-is and the to-be system
28. Which of the following is NOT correct? a) Every set of DFD's must have one context diagram b) Every process is wholly and completely described by the processes on its children DFD's c) Every process must be broken down farther on Level 1 and Level 2 diagrams d) Every data store has at least one input data flow someplace in the entire DFD system e) Every process has a unique name that is an action oriented verb phrase
c) Every process must be broken down farther on Level 1 and Level 2 diagrams
26. Carlos has a Level 0 DFD diagram where one of the external entities is the "Internal Revenue Service" - and he has a data store called "Tax Rate Table". He has drawn a data flow arrow from the Internal Revenue Service to the data store as the data has been loaded into the Tax Rate Table prior to the processing. What would be true? a) This is correct b) This is incorrect, 'data at rest stays at rest until moved by a process' so he needs a process (like 'load Tax Rate Table') first in this system c) This is incorrect - he doesn't need a data flow as the data was loaded into the Tax Rate Table someplace else (within the payroll system someplace, but not in this process) d) This is almost correct. The correct diagram would be a dashed line indicating that the loading of the data was implied prior to the start of this process e) This is incorrect. What should happen is an 'external process' should be called at the start of the process - like "Call IRS for data load"
c) This is incorrect - he doesn't need a data flow as the data was loaded into the Tax Rate Table someplace else (within the payroll system someplace, but not in this process)
4. An entity relationship diagram (ERD): a) Is a use-case diagram enhanced graphically to show data and process modeling b) Is a high-level CASE diagram of data modeling used in business systems c) Is an illustration of external data flows to and from a business systems d) Is a picture that shows the information that is created, stored and used by a business system e) Is a graphical display of the processes in a business system
d) Is a picture that shows the information that is created, stored and used by a business system
19. Role-playing the use case with actual users is a good way to: a) Identify the use case b) Identify the major steps within each use case c) Identify elements within steps d) Confirm the use case e) Identify the primary actor
d) Confirm the use case
27. Amy has created a context diagram. What one DFD component is probably not shown? a) Process b) Data flow c) UML Stage d) Data store e) External Entity
d) Data store
11. Barb is an analyst developing a use case. Which of the following will probably NOT be on her use case? a) Importance level b) Short Description c) Information for steps d) Destination for the major inputs e) Type of trigger
d) Destination for the major inputs
17. James is developing a DFD. What would be a good name for him to use on a data flow from the Calculate Federal Withholding process to a data store called YTD Payroll Data? a) Move withholding to YTD storage b) Transfer fed taxes to YTD storage c) Calculation Result d) Federal Withholding Taxes e) Add amounts to YTD total
d) Federal Withholding Taxes
3. Data flow diagramming is: a) The only process modeling currently used b) A detailed description of data c) Almost the same as a flow chart d) Focused on the processes or activities that are performed e) A visual version of a use case
d) Focused on the processes or activities that are performed
6. Which of the following is probably NOT a step for writing a use case? a) Identify the use case b) Identify the major steps within each use case c) Identify elements within steps d) Identify the analyst e) Confirm the use case
d) Identify the analyst
8. An entity: a) Is the association between two related processes b) Has cardinality (1:1, 1:N, or M:N) c) Shows if it can be null or no null d) Is a person, place or thing e) Is described with a verb phrase
d) Is a person, place or thing
1. Which is probably NOT true about building use cases? a) Analysts are involved b) Users are involved c) Major processes are analyzed d) Major costs are analyzed e) External or internal triggers are analyzed
d) Major costs are analyzed
25. Anthony is working on the cardinality of doctors and patients in a large urban hospital. With the large number of doctors with varying specialties and patients that may have more than one aliment, he thinks the relationship might be noted as: a) 1 to 1 b) 1 to 2 c) 1 to many d) Many to many e) Many to 1
d) Many to many
19. The three major parts of an ERD diagram are: a) Process, data flow, data store b) Attribute, modularity, cardinality c) Relationship, data flow, entity d) Relationship, attribute, entity e) Process, entity and relationship
d) Relationship, attribute, entity
21. The Major Inputs section of a use case describes their: a) File structure b) Cardinality c) Modality d) Source e) Destination
d) Source
9. Use cases are used to more fully delineate _____. a) Resources used in the system b) System boundaries c) System proposals d) System requirements e) Data flows
d) System requirements
15. Ralph wants to illustrate how a system interacts with the environment. The best solution for him would be to use a ________: a) Requirements flow chart b) Storyboard c) HIPO chart (hierarchy, input, process, output) d) Use case e) Gantt chart
d) Use case
10. Which would NOT likely be an entity on a car insurance ERD? a) Customer b) Policy c) Agent d) Zip code e) Car
d) Zip code
12. An ERD is a picture which shows the information that is ________ by a business system? a) created b) stored c) used d) all of these
d) all of these
27. The first step to building an Entity Relationship Diagram is to _____ a) Identify data flows from the level 0 DFD diagram b) draw the relationships between the entities c) identify the attributes for each entity d) identify the entities e) identify the processes, data flows and data stores
d) identify the entities
34. A logical data model that does not lead to repeating fields and that the data models leads to tables containing fields that are dependent on the whole identifier is in _____ normal form. a) balanced b) first c) primary d) second e) third
d) second
37. If the logical data model contains attribute values that depend on an attribute that is not the identifier, then it is in _____. a) base normal form b) first normal form c) non-normal form d) second normal form e) third normal form
d) second normal form
1. A process model is: a) The output of the interviewing process b) The work plan c) The model that is produced by extreme prototyping d) The expanded and thoroughly balanced use case for a system e) A formal way of representing how a business system operates
e) A formal way of representing how a business system operates
1. A data model is a: a) The mathematical model of formulas and logic used in a system b) The abstract creating of an ideal system transformation c) The model that is produced by extreme programming d) The expanded, thoroughly balanced and normalized use case for a system e) A formal way of representing the data that are used and created by a business system
e) A formal way of representing the data that are used and created by a business system
26. The Major Steps Performed section on a use case will give the _________ a) Name of the user for each step b) What triggers each step c) Where the processes will run (such as manual processes, client-server processes, etc.) d) The telecommunications infrastructure requirements for that step e) Information for each step
e) Information for each step
3. Which is NOT true about using Visible Analyst Workbench? a) It can be used with many different databases b) It integrates the data model with other parts of the project c) It is a full-service CASE tool d) Data modeling is one of many capabilities e) It can generate Java code when the data modeling is done
e) It can generate Java code when the data modeling is done
22. What diagram will have sub-processes with numbers like 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3 (etc.) and also have flows coming in (or going out) that are not illustrated? a) Context diagram b) Level 0 diagram c) Gantt diagram d) Level 1 diagram e) Level 2 diagram
e) Level 2 diagram
3. What is probably NOT a part of a Use Case? a) Name b) Number c) Trigger d) Major inputs e) Statement of business value
e) Statement of business value
18. Mark has a data store called 'Items' and it includes all the items sold in a convenience store - sorted by UPC code with the retail price of the item. He has only one data flow called 'Item Details' that flows from the data store to the Process Checkout process. What will be true in this case? a) This is incorrect as every data store must have both inputs and outputs b) This is incorrect as every process must have both inputs and outputs c) This is incorrect as the data flow should have a verb phrase like 'Get Item Details' d) This is incorrect as there is no way to update the 'Items' data store e) This is correct
e) This is correct
14. A use case helps: a) Define interview questions b) Clarify ongoing costs for a system c) Identify risks with the project d) Refine project management milestones e) Understand system activities and requirements
e) Understand system activities and requirements
30. Which is NOT true of use cases? a) They contain all the information needed to build one part of a process model b) Each use case has a name, a number, importance level, brief description, primary actor, trigger, major inputs and outputs, and a list of major steps c) Use cases can be identified by reviewing the functional requirements d) Use cases should be confirmed by users e) Use cases normally contain ten to twelve major steps
e) Use cases normally contain ten to twelve major steps
32. Which is NOT true of use cases? a) They contain all the information needed to build one part of a process model b) Each use case has a name, a number, importance level, brief description, primary actor, trigger, major inputs and outputs, and a list of major steps c) Use cases can be identified by reviewing the functional requirements d) Use cases should be confirmed by users e) Use cases normally contain ten to twelve major steps
e) Use cases normally contain ten to twelve major steps
