Science Chapter 1 Lesson 4

Acids have a pH between ___ and ___, with the strongest acids having a pH of ___.

0 & 7/0

If there is no number after an element symbol in a molecule, how many atoms are present?

1

What is the approximate pH of lemon juice?

2

What does the 2 after the chemical symbol for hydrogen in a molecule of water represent?

2 hydrogen atoms

Bases have a pH between ___ and ___, with the strongest bases having a pH of ___.

7 & 14/14

Name 3 uses of acids and bases in manufacturing:

Acids can be used and are strong enough to cut into the surface of glass/Bases are used in paper manufacturing/Acids and Bases are used in the production of some plastics.

______ acid or Vitamin C, is added as a supplement to many foods.

Asorbic

______ acid is found in oranges, lemons, and limes.

Citric

Name 3 ways acids are used in foods:

Citric acid produces the sour taste in carbonated drinks, jams, and candy.

What is the chemical formula for iron oxide? _____ What are the elements that form this compound and how many atoms of each element are present?

Fe2O3/2 iron atoms & 3 oxygen atoms

Write the chemical formula for water.

H2O

________, commonly known as rock salt is a compound formed of the elements ______ and _______.

Halite/sodium & chlorine

_______ is an ore that has the same chemical formula as rust.

Hematite

________ are dyes that change color in acids and bases.

Indicators

________ are often used to find out if a chemical is an acid or a base.

Indicators

________ papers are indicators.

Litmus

Write the chemical formula for sodium chloride (table salt). ____ What are the 2 elements that make up this compound? _____ and ______.

NaCl/Sodium & Chlorine

_____ and ________ contain bases.

Soap & detergents

An _____ is a compound that reacts easily with other substances and turns blue litmus paper ___.

acid/red

A chemical formula names the elements and how many _____ of each element make up one molecule of the ________.

atoms/compound

Ammonia is a strong ____ with a pH of about _____.

base/11

A ____ is a compound that also reacts easily with other substances but turns red litmus paper ____.

base/blue

The attraction of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water causes a ____ that hold the atoms together.

bond

Organic compounds contain the element _______.

carbon

Bases are used in soaps, cleaners, and are an important part of _______.

cement

Only a ________ reaction can separate a compound into its parts.

chemical

A compound always has the same ___________. Because the ________ of a compound is fixed, the chemical _______ of its elements can be written as the compound's ________.

composition/composition/symbols/chemical formula

A ________ is a substance formed of atoms of ___ or more elements.

compound

Acids are also used to produce _______ and ________.

fertilizers and explosives

Water is a compound made up of the elements ________ and ________.

hydrogen and oxygen

Sugar is a compound composed of the elements __________, __________ and ______.

hydrogen, oxygen & carbon

The attraction between the positive and negative ions results in __________.

ionic bonds

Sodium Chloride is an _____ compound. It's made up of ________ sodium ions and _______ chloride ions.

ionic/positive/negative

How is hydrochloric acid used by our bodies?

its produced in the stomach and aids in digestion

Apples contain _____ acid.

malic

Metals combined with oxygen are called _______.

metal oxides

Compounds are either _______ or ______.

molecular or ionic

Solutions with a pH of 7 are _______. They are neither acids nor bases.

neutral

When an acid and a base react, they form a _______ solution and a chemical called a salt.

neutral

Distilled water is _______ and has a pH of _____.

neutral/7

Acids and bases can be thought of as _______. Equally strong acids and bases ________ each other.

opposites/neutralize

The strengths of acids and bases are measured on a __________.

pH scale

Compounds don't have the _________ of the elements of which they are formed.

properties