Science Chapter 1 Lesson 4
Acids have a pH between ___ and ___, with the strongest acids having a pH of ___.
0 & 7/0
If there is no number after an element symbol in a molecule, how many atoms are present?
1
What is the approximate pH of lemon juice?
2
What does the 2 after the chemical symbol for hydrogen in a molecule of water represent?
2 hydrogen atoms
Bases have a pH between ___ and ___, with the strongest bases having a pH of ___.
7 & 14/14
Name 3 uses of acids and bases in manufacturing:
Acids can be used and are strong enough to cut into the surface of glass/Bases are used in paper manufacturing/Acids and Bases are used in the production of some plastics.
______ acid or Vitamin C, is added as a supplement to many foods.
Asorbic
______ acid is found in oranges, lemons, and limes.
Citric
Name 3 ways acids are used in foods:
Citric acid produces the sour taste in carbonated drinks, jams, and candy.
What is the chemical formula for iron oxide? _____ What are the elements that form this compound and how many atoms of each element are present?
Fe2O3/2 iron atoms & 3 oxygen atoms
Write the chemical formula for water.
H2O
________, commonly known as rock salt is a compound formed of the elements ______ and _______.
Halite/sodium & chlorine
_______ is an ore that has the same chemical formula as rust.
Hematite
________ are dyes that change color in acids and bases.
Indicators
________ are often used to find out if a chemical is an acid or a base.
Indicators
________ papers are indicators.
Litmus
Write the chemical formula for sodium chloride (table salt). ____ What are the 2 elements that make up this compound? _____ and ______.
NaCl/Sodium & Chlorine
_____ and ________ contain bases.
Soap & detergents
An _____ is a compound that reacts easily with other substances and turns blue litmus paper ___.
acid/red
A chemical formula names the elements and how many _____ of each element make up one molecule of the ________.
atoms/compound
Ammonia is a strong ____ with a pH of about _____.
base/11
A ____ is a compound that also reacts easily with other substances but turns red litmus paper ____.
base/blue
The attraction of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water causes a ____ that hold the atoms together.
bond
Organic compounds contain the element _______.
carbon
Bases are used in soaps, cleaners, and are an important part of _______.
cement
Only a ________ reaction can separate a compound into its parts.
chemical
A compound always has the same ___________. Because the ________ of a compound is fixed, the chemical _______ of its elements can be written as the compound's ________.
composition/composition/symbols/chemical formula
A ________ is a substance formed of atoms of ___ or more elements.
compound
Acids are also used to produce _______ and ________.
fertilizers and explosives
Water is a compound made up of the elements ________ and ________.
hydrogen and oxygen
Sugar is a compound composed of the elements __________, __________ and ______.
hydrogen, oxygen & carbon
The attraction between the positive and negative ions results in __________.
ionic bonds
Sodium Chloride is an _____ compound. It's made up of ________ sodium ions and _______ chloride ions.
ionic/positive/negative
How is hydrochloric acid used by our bodies?
its produced in the stomach and aids in digestion
Apples contain _____ acid.
malic
Metals combined with oxygen are called _______.
metal oxides
Compounds are either _______ or ______.
molecular or ionic
Solutions with a pH of 7 are _______. They are neither acids nor bases.
neutral
When an acid and a base react, they form a _______ solution and a chemical called a salt.
neutral
Distilled water is _______ and has a pH of _____.
neutral/7
Acids and bases can be thought of as _______. Equally strong acids and bases ________ each other.
opposites/neutralize
The strengths of acids and bases are measured on a __________.
pH scale
Compounds don't have the _________ of the elements of which they are formed.
properties