Science Chapter 9 Matter and Its Changes Section 1 Physical Properties and Changes

What is the boiling point of nitrogen?

-195.8 degrees C

What is the melting point of ice?

0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit

What is the density of water?

1.00 g/cm cubed

What is the boiling point of water?

100 degrees C or 212 degrees F at atmospheric pressure

What is the melting point of lead?

327.5 degrees Celsius

At what temperature is water at its most dense?

4 degrees Celsius

What are 3 things length can be measured with?

A ruler, meter-stick, or tape measure

Order the following: air, water, ice, gold, and methanol, from least density to greatest density.

Air, methanol, ice, water, gold

When does the boiling point change?

At different atmospheric pressures

List 11 physical properties

Color, shape, length, mass, volume, density, melting point, boiling point, malleability, ductility, and magnetism

What is the formula for calculating density?

Density= Mass/Volume

How much does the boiling point of water change at different altitudes?

Each 500 foot increase in altitude causes a drop of about one degree Fahrenheit in the boiling point

Give an example of a gas

Helium

Give an example of a solid

Ice

Does the density of a material change if the amount of that material there is changes?

No. Density is a physical property used to identify a material. The mass of an material will be proportional with its volume, no matter the amount there is. Therefore, the density will remain the same.

Describe the movement of particles at different temperatures

Particles move faster at higher temperatures and slower at lower temperatures

Give an example of a liquid

Water

Give an example of two things that can have the same volume but a different mass

a bowling ball and a beach ball that's the same size

What is a physical change?

a change in which the properties of a substance change but the identity of the substance always remains the same

What is mass? What is it measured in?

a physical property that describes the amount of material in an object (measured in grams)

What is a state of matter?

a physical property that is dependent on both temperature and pressure and occurs in four forms- solid, liquid, gas, or plasma

What is a physical property?

any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the material

What is matter?

anything that has mass and takes up space

When does the boiling point of a substance change?

at different atmospheric pressures, which is caused by different altitudes

What are most wires in buildings and electrical equipment made of?

copper

What are some metals that are ductile?

copper, silver, and platinum

What is an example of a malleable metal? Give an example of a structure that was made with this metal

copper, the Statue of Liberty

Give an example where a substance can have a different color but has the same identity (same substance)

different colored detergent bottles that are all made of high-density polyethylene

Describe the shape and volume of gases

gases have an indefinite shape and volume (fill up all the space of the container they're in)

What does the state of matter of a material depend on?

how much energy the particles have

What are physical properties used to do?

identify, separate, and classify

What is a dichotomous key used for?

identifying animals by physical properties

When might the density of a material change?

if the pressure and/or temperature change

Describe the shape and volume of liquids

liquids have an indefinite shape but a definite volume (take up the shape of their container)

What is anything you can see, hear, taste, touch, or smell?

matter

When does matter change state and does its identity change?

matter changes states when its temperature changes but its identity doesn't change (ex: ice and water)

Metals are shiny. Metals have a ________ luster.

metallic

Does melting point change with the amount of a pure substance you have?

no

Does the boiling point change with the amount of a material you have?

no

What are some examples of nonmetallic luster?

pearly, milky, dull

When does plasma occur and where can it be found?

plasma occurs at very high temperatures and can be found in fluorescent lightbulbs, the atmosphere, and in lightning strikes

What is a process that is often used to identify animals?

process of elimination

What does observing involve?

seeing, hearing, tasting, touching, and smelling

Describe the shape and volume of solids.

solids have a definite shape and volume

What is magnetism?

some metals have groups of atoms that can be affected by the force of a magnet and are attracted to the magnet because of that force

What is conductivity?

the ability of a substance to allow the flow of energy or electricity

What is ductility?

the ability of many metals to be drawn into wires

What is density?

the amount of mass a material has in a given volume

What is volume? What is it usually used to measure and what is it measured in?

the amount of space an object takes up (usually liquids, measured in liters)

Describe the movement of particles in liquids

the particles are able to slide past each other

Describe the movement of particles in gases

the particles move freely away from each other

Describe the movement of particles in solids

the particles vibrate in a fixed position close together

What is malleability?

the property of metals to be hammered, pressed, and rolled into thin sheets

What is a melting point?

the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid

What is a boiling point?

the temperature at which a substance in the liquid state becomes a gas

Fill in the blanks. For most substances, as temperature increases, the ______________ increases and as a result the density ______________.

volume;decreases